EconDefense
Capital comparator

Compare capital deal shapes

Loans, guarantees, purchase commitments, grants and third-party investment are not interchangeable.

Fields below reproduce the existing records. “Who signs” names the recorded approval and execution roles, not a verified individual signatory. The general record comparison remains available.

Capital and industrial instruments — no combined readiness score
InstrumentLegal form / sourceWho is eligibleWho signsFund logicWhat it is not / limitsFollow-through officePublic evidence
IND-02 · Guarantee private loans for defense production capacityIndustrial credit

The President may authorize a guaranteeing procurement agency to guarantee private-institution loans supporting essential defense production and services.

  • Required findings on defense essentiality, private-credit availability, cost effectiveness, repayment/security and interest unless statutory emergency exception applies
  • Applicant security generally at least 20% of loan
  • Large-shortfall notice and wait requirements
  • For the FY26 DPA Purchases appropriation, enacted text permits Secretary of Defense obligation/expenditure as if delegated necessary DPA authorities; do not treat an Executive Order as the independent substantive grant. Transaction-specific nondelegable findings and credit limits still require review.
Holder

President; designated guaranteeing agency

Approval
  • President / authorized statutory delegate; nondelegable findings retained where applicable
Execution
  • Assigned DPA Title III executing office and warranted contracting officer; current assignment must be verified
  • Advance credit-cost budget authority and statutory loan-principal limitation required; ordinary procurement money is not automatically credit subsidy authority.
  • FY26 enacted DPA Purchases: $321.923M no-year. This is appropriated program amount, NOT verified remaining balance or automatic credit-principal ceiling.
  • Not general banking authority; applies to identified defense shortfalls
  • Anti-Deficiency Act retained
  • Most DPA authorities expire December 11, 2026 under §4564 as amended by Pub. L. 119-103; §4558 is excepted.
Assigned DPA Title III executing office and warranted contracting officer; current assignment must be verified →
Legal basisSources linkedLegal sources and instrument limits are recorded.
RequirementsGates recordedRead the requirements for this instrument; applicability depends on the proposed action.
Public fundingRules recordedThe record states funding rules and conditions; no program amount is attributed to this action.
Assigned rolesRoles recordedPublic sources describe institutional authority. The instrument identifies approval and execution roles; a specific signature remains transaction-dependent.
EngagementRole recordedRecorded executing role: Assigned DPA Title III executing office and warranted contracting officer; current assignment must be verified. Use the responsible program’s process.
IND-03 · Make direct loans to private enterprises for productive capacityIndustrial credit

Finance defense-related capacity, processes and essential materials, including exploration, development and mining, through DPA direct loans.

  • Private financing not otherwise available on reasonable terms
  • Apply §4532(b)(2) national-emergency findings as written
  • Aggregate shortfall threshold notification or valid waiver
  • For the FY26 DPA Purchases appropriation, enacted text permits Secretary of Defense obligation/expenditure as if delegated necessary DPA authorities; do not treat an Executive Order as the independent substantive grant. Transaction-specific nondelegable findings and credit limits still require review.
Holder

President or authorized delegate

Approval
  • President / authorized statutory delegate; nondelegable findings retained where applicable
Execution
  • Assigned DPA Title III executing office and warranted contracting officer; current assignment must be verified
  • Specific advance credit authority and Federal Credit Reform/appropriations treatment must be confirmed; §4532 retains the Anti-Deficiency Act.
  • FY26 enacted DPA Purchases: $321.923M no-year. This is appropriated program amount, NOT verified remaining balance or automatic credit-principal ceiling.
  • Loan terms and repayment assessment required
  • Not equity or unrestricted corporate rescue
  • Most DPA authorities expire December 11, 2026 under §4564 as amended by Pub. L. 119-103; §4558 is excepted.
Assigned DPA Title III executing office and warranted contracting officer; current assignment must be verified →
Legal basisSources linkedLegal sources and instrument limits are recorded.
RequirementsGates recordedRead the requirements for this instrument; applicability depends on the proposed action.
Public fundingRules recordedThe record states funding rules and conditions; no program amount is attributed to this action.
Assigned rolesRoles recordedPublic sources describe institutional authority. The instrument identifies approval and execution roles; a specific signature remains transaction-dependent.
EngagementRole recordedRecorded executing role: Assigned DPA Title III executing office and warranted contracting officer; current assignment must be verified. Use the responsible program’s process.
IND-04 · Underwrite industrial capacity through purchases, offtake commitments and targeted subsidiesIndustrial purchase commitments

Purchase industrial resources or critical technology items for use or resale, encourage mining, and support production or technology transition; conditioned subsidies can sustain threatened high-cost domestic material sources.

  • Written essentiality, shortfall and cost-effectiveness determinations unless valid waiver
  • Shortfall notices, >$50M threshold requirements and authorization/waiver analysis
  • Above-market or anticipated-loss purchases require further findings
  • For the FY26 DPA Purchases appropriation, enacted text permits Secretary of Defense obligation/expenditure as if delegated necessary DPA authorities; do not treat an Executive Order as the independent substantive grant. Transaction-specific nondelegable findings and credit limits still require review.
Holder

President; duly delegated execution with reserved findings

Approval
  • President / authorized statutory delegate; nondelegable findings retained where applicable
Execution
  • Assigned DPA Title III executing office and warranted contracting officer; current assignment must be verified
  • DPA Fund and advance appropriations; funds and allowable commitment liability must be present.
  • FY26 enacted DPA Purchases: $321.923M no-year. This is appropriated program amount, NOT verified remaining balance or automatic credit-principal ceiling.
  • Commitments generally no more than 10 years
  • DPA domestic-source eligibility is not worldwide: U.S./Canada and conditioned Australia/U.K. rule for Title III
  • Most DPA authorities expire December 11, 2026 under §4564 as amended by Pub. L. 119-103; §4558 is excepted.
Assigned DPA Title III executing office and warranted contracting officer; current assignment must be verified →
Legal basisSources linkedLegal sources and instrument limits are recorded.
RequirementsGates recordedRead the requirements for this instrument; applicability depends on the proposed action.
Public fundingRules recordedThe record states funding rules and conditions; no program amount is attributed to this action.
Assigned rolesRoles recordedPublic sources describe institutional authority. The instrument identifies approval and execution roles; a specific signature remains transaction-dependent.
EngagementRole recordedRecorded executing role: Assigned DPA Title III executing office and warranted contracting officer; current assignment must be verified. Use the responsible program’s process.
IND-08 · Finance or refinance dual-use critical technology with OSC direct loansTechnology credit

Provide loans for eligible investments in enumerated covered technology categories; the legal form is capital assistance, not an unrestricted equity fund.

  • Eligible entity and covered dual-use technology, not solely defense application
  • At least 80% nonfederal capital for the specific technology at investment time
  • Creditworthiness, reasonable repayment assurance and selection criteria
Holder

Secretary of Defense acting through OSC Director

Approval
  • Secretary of Defense and OSC Director as specified in §149
Execution
  • OSC Director and credit transaction team
  • Advance appropriations specifically providing credit assistance; Federal Credit Reform cost and DoD Credit Program Account. A headline lending ceiling is not cash available.
  • Enacted FY26 credit appropriation $97.770M no-year with $4.390B principal ceiling. FY25 reconciliation separately supplied $500M minerals-focused and $1B general capital-assistance funding through Sep.30,2029, each with $100B principal ceiling. These are statutory amounts, not remaining balances; do not simply add ceilings into deployable cash.
  • New loans and technical-assistance authority expire Oct. 1, 2028
  • Direct-loan term up to 50 years
  • Treasury benchmark interest and nonsubordination rules have specific waivers
Office of Strategic Capital →
Legal basisSources linkedLegal sources and instrument limits are recorded.
RequirementsGates recordedRead the requirements for this instrument; applicability depends on the proposed action.
Public fundingScale documentedUp to $200 billion in enacted loan and loan-guarantee principal capacity. Institutional/program context, not a funding allocation to this specific action.
Assigned rolesRemit sourcedPublic sources describe institutional authority. The instrument identifies approval and execution roles; a specific signature remains transaction-dependent.
EngagementRoutes publishedThe office profile lists public routes and their scope. Not every route accepts applications for this instrument.
IND-09 · Guarantee private loans for OSC-eligible investmentsTechnology credit

OSC can guarantee loans for eligible investments with established private-lender rates, stated guaranteed principal percentage and credit controls.

  • Eligible dual-use technology and entity
  • Loan guarantee agreement and credit assessment
  • Congressional notification within 30 days of use
Holder

OSC Director, within Secretary of Defense program authority

Approval
  • Secretary of Defense and OSC Director as specified in §149
Execution
  • OSC Director and credit transaction team
  • Specific credit subsidy and principal authority in appropriations; DoD Credit Program Account and Federal Credit Reform Act.
  • Enacted FY26 credit appropriation $97.770M no-year with $4.390B principal ceiling. FY25 reconciliation separately supplied $500M minerals-focused and $1B general capital-assistance funding through Sep.30,2029, each with $100B principal ceiling. These are statutory amounts, not remaining balances; do not simply add ceilings into deployable cash.
  • No new guarantees after Oct. 1, 2028 absent extension
  • §149(d) 80% rule is expressly written for direct-loan investments, not a blanket guarantee percentage rule
  • Guarantee is not purchase of stock
Office of Strategic Capital →
Legal basisSources linkedLegal sources and instrument limits are recorded.
RequirementsGates recordedRead the requirements for this instrument; applicability depends on the proposed action.
Public fundingScale documentedUp to $200 billion in enacted loan and loan-guarantee principal capacity. Institutional/program context, not a funding allocation to this specific action.
Assigned rolesRemit sourcedPublic sources describe institutional authority. The instrument identifies approval and execution roles; a specific signature remains transaction-dependent.
EngagementRoutes publishedThe office profile lists public routes and their scope. Not every route accepts applications for this instrument.
IND-12 · Fund supply-chain capacity and workforce through grants and agreementsIndustrial capacity assistance

Use contracts, grants, cooperative agreements and other transactions; provide private-sector incentives to create, maintain, protect, expand or restore essential domestic industrial-base capabilities. Express eligible uses include workforce, facilities and production infrastructure.

  • Enumerated §4817(g)(1) defense supply-chain purposes; other purposes require essentiality/timeliness findings and 30-day report
  • No activity in the six covered countries under §4817(m)
  • Applicable approval and award instrument
Holder

Secretary of Defense; Fund control assigned by §4817(b) to USD(A&S) through named industrial-base office

Approval
  • Secretary of Defense or lawfully authorized delegate
Execution
  • WIRE/IBAS program and assigned warranted contracting or agreements officer
  • Industrial Base Fund appropriations; Pub. L.119-60 §867(b) bars using funds made available BEFORE Dec.18,2025 for newly added §4817(g)–(j) activities. FY27 CR limitations independently apply to its funds.
  • Purpose-limited supply-chain program, not general economic development
  • New authorities sunset Dec.31,2035
WIRE/IBAS program and assigned warranted contracting or agreements officer →
Legal basisSources linkedLegal sources and instrument limits are recorded.
RequirementsGates recordedRead the requirements for this instrument; applicability depends on the proposed action.
Public fundingRules recordedThe record states funding rules and conditions; no program amount is attributed to this action.
Assigned rolesRoles recordedPublic sources describe institutional authority. The instrument identifies approval and execution roles; a specific signature remains transaction-dependent.
EngagementRole recordedRecorded executing role: WIRE/IBAS program and assigned warranted contracting or agreements officer. Use the responsible program’s process.
IND-13 · Award funding to third-party investment entities for small and medium firmsIntermediated industrial investment

Make awards to intermediaries supporting investments in small/medium entities working in defense-interest areas that benefit DoD missions.

  • Enumerated §4817(g)(1) defense supply-chain purposes; other purposes require essentiality/timeliness findings and 30-day report
  • No activity in the six covered countries under §4817(m)
  • Applicable approval and award instrument
Holder

Secretary of Defense

Approval
  • Secretary of Defense or lawfully authorized delegate
Execution
  • WIRE/IBAS program and assigned warranted contracting or agreements officer
  • Industrial Base Fund appropriations; Pub. L.119-60 §867(b) bars using funds made available BEFORE Dec.18,2025 for newly added §4817(g)–(j) activities. FY27 CR limitations independently apply to its funds.
  • Authority runs only for five years beginning Dec.18,2025
  • This text expressly authorizes third-party investment awards; it does not expressly enumerate a general direct government equity portfolio
WIRE/IBAS program and assigned warranted contracting or agreements officer →
Legal basisSources linkedLegal sources and instrument limits are recorded.
RequirementsGates recordedRead the requirements for this instrument; applicability depends on the proposed action.
Public fundingRules recordedThe record states funding rules and conditions; no program amount is attributed to this action.
Assigned rolesRoles recordedPublic sources describe institutional authority. The instrument identifies approval and execution roles; a specific signature remains transaction-dependent.
EngagementRole recordedRecorded executing role: WIRE/IBAS program and assigned warranted contracting or agreements officer. Use the responsible program’s process.
IND-15 · Create durable demand through industrial-base offtake commitmentsIndustrial purchase commitments

Make purchase commitments for federal use or resale, critical-mineral development, components, production capacity and dual-use technology transition.

  • Enumerated §4817(g)(1) defense supply-chain purposes; other purposes require essentiality/timeliness findings and 30-day report
  • No activity in the six covered countries under §4817(m)
  • Applicable approval and award instrument
  • Document terms, exposure and statutory above-market/anticipated-loss findings
Holder

Secretary of Defense

Approval
  • Secretary of Defense or lawfully authorized delegate
Execution
  • WIRE/IBAS program and assigned warranted contracting or agreements officer
  • Industrial Base Fund appropriations; Pub. L.119-60 §867(b) bars using funds made available BEFORE Dec.18,2025 for newly added §4817(g)–(j) activities. FY27 CR limitations independently apply to its funds.
  • Commitment term no more than 10 years
  • New provisions sunset Dec.31,2035; contract survival/obligation mechanics need transaction review
WIRE/IBAS program and assigned warranted contracting or agreements officer →
Legal basisSources linkedLegal sources and instrument limits are recorded.
RequirementsGates recordedRead the requirements for this instrument; applicability depends on the proposed action.
Public fundingRules recordedThe record states funding rules and conditions; no program amount is attributed to this action.
Assigned rolesRoles recordedPublic sources describe institutional authority. The instrument identifies approval and execution roles; a specific signature remains transaction-dependent.
EngagementRole recordedRecorded executing role: WIRE/IBAS program and assigned warranted contracting or agreements officer. Use the responsible program’s process.
IND-18 · Use a time-limited industrial innovation pilot for credit and third-party debt/equity investmentIndustrial innovation pilot

An uncodified pilot expressly lists loans, guarantees, purchase commitments, cost-sharing and third-party awards supporting debt/equity investment in small/medium manufacturers.

  • Pilot supports military manufacturing or emerging defense/commercial technologies
  • Use applicable underlying contracting, OT or other lawful authorities and credit appropriations
Holder

Secretary of Defense

Approval
  • Secretary of Defense or lawfully authorized delegate
Execution
  • WIRE/IBAS program and assigned warranted contracting or agreements officer
  • No inferred appropriation or revolving authority; credit assistance requires credit-law analysis.
  • Pilot terminates Dec.31,2026
  • Express third-party equity support does not establish unlimited direct Treasury equity acquisition
  • Existing credit subsidy/principal authority must be identified
WIRE/IBAS program and assigned warranted contracting or agreements officer →
Legal basisSources linkedLegal sources and instrument limits are recorded.
RequirementsGates recordedRead the requirements for this instrument; applicability depends on the proposed action.
Public fundingRules recordedThe record states funding rules and conditions; no program amount is attributed to this action.
Assigned rolesRoles recordedPublic sources describe institutional authority. The instrument identifies approval and execution roles; a specific signature remains transaction-dependent.
EngagementProgram unverifiedOperating program and new-award feasibility unverified; recorded future 2026-12-31 pilot termination is not a present block at the corpus target date.
OEC-03 · Fund investments in critical technologies and assetsInvestment funding

Fund investments in the critical technologies and assets identified for the Joint Force, including supply-chain technologies not always supported through direct investment.

  • Connect the investment to the technologies and assets described in §9025(c)(2).
  • Identify the transaction form, applicable requirements, lawful funds, and authorized signatory before execution.
Holder

Office of Expanded Competition within the Office of the Secretary of the Air Force; headed by the OEC Director

Approval
    Execution
    • Office of Expanded Competition Director
    • §9025 does not specify a dedicated appropriation or available balance. Identify legally available funds and the fiscal conditions of the proposed action.
    • This is an express investment-funding duty, not merely coordination; the subsection does not specify an unrestricted direct-equity portfolio or particular financing instrument.
    • No dedicated appropriation, available balance, or individual transaction delegation is established by this record.
    Office of Expanded Competition →
    Legal basisSources linkedLegal sources and instrument limits are recorded.
    RequirementsGates recordedRead the requirements for this instrument; applicability depends on the proposed action.
    Public fundingScope documentedInvestment duties established; no standalone OEC budget verified in the reviewed sources. Institutional/program context, not a funding allocation to this specific action.
    Assigned rolesRemit sourcedPublic sources describe institutional authority. The instrument identifies approval and execution roles; a specific signature remains transaction-dependent.
    EngagementRole recordedRecorded executing role: Office of Expanded Competition Director. Use the responsible program’s process.
    OEC-06 · Help DoD provide loans, loan guarantees and technical assistanceCapital-assistance support

    Help DoD provide capital assistance to entities, including foreign entities, whose investments facilitate the Department's efforts. The statutory definition covers loans, loan guarantees and technical assistance.

    • The entity's investments must facilitate DoD efforts.
    • Confirm the underlying instrument's eligibility, funding, credit requirements and authorized executing office.
    Holder

    Office of Expanded Competition within the Office of the Secretary of the Air Force; headed by the OEC Director

    Approval
      Execution
      • Office of Expanded Competition Director
      • §9025 does not specify a dedicated appropriation or available balance. Identify legally available funds and the fiscal conditions of the proposed action.
      • Helping DoD provide assistance is not verification of an independently operating OEC direct-loan or guarantee program.
      • The capital-assistance definition does not establish unrestricted equity-purchase authority.
      Office of Expanded Competition →
      Legal basisSources linkedLegal sources and instrument limits are recorded.
      RequirementsGates recordedRead the requirements for this instrument; applicability depends on the proposed action.
      Public fundingScope documentedInvestment duties established; no standalone OEC budget verified in the reviewed sources. Institutional/program context, not a funding allocation to this specific action.
      Assigned rolesRemit sourcedPublic sources describe institutional authority. The instrument identifies approval and execution roles; a specific signature remains transaction-dependent.
      EngagementRole recordedRecorded executing role: Office of Expanded Competition Director. Use the responsible program’s process.

      Public evidence describes the institution and instrument; it is not approval of an individual transaction.

      Open selected-record comparison