{
  "actors": [
    {
      "name": "Secretary and Deputy Secretary of Defense",
      "family": "Enterprise direction",
      "role": "Integrate strategic priorities, assign departmental responsibilities, approve reserved actions, and resolve cross-component resource and execution issues.",
      "limits": "Departmental direction under §113 does not replace instrument-specific law or appropriations.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 113",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section113&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "USD(Policy)",
      "family": "Planning and strategy",
      "role": "Translate national strategy into defense strategy, campaign/contingency planning guidance, force-posture policy, and Defense Planning Guidance; oversee DoD export-control policy.",
      "limits": "A strategic requirement does not itself authorize a financial transaction, export, sanction, or operation.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 134",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section134&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "USD(Research and Engineering)",
      "family": "Innovation and technology",
      "role": "Chief technology officer; supervise research, technology development, experimentation, prototyping and transition. FY2026 law explicitly adds directive authority within assigned responsibility and developmental prototyping/field experimentation.",
      "limits": "Technical direction does not automatically make the office the contracting signer, funding owner, or production-transition sponsor.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 133a",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section133a&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-60 §902",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "USD(Acquisition and Sustainment)",
      "family": "Acquisition and industrial execution",
      "role": "Chief acquisition/sustainment and senior procurement executive; defense industrial-base, materials, logistics, maintenance, contract-administration and international industrial-cooperation policy.",
      "limits": "Service acquisition programs retain statutory decision-right distinctions; specific industrial instruments retain their own eligibility and funds requirements.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 133b",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section133b&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "Assistant Secretary for International Armaments Cooperation",
      "family": "International industrial coordination",
      "role": "Statutory office established in FY2026 under USD(A&S) for international armaments and industrial-base cooperation responsibilities.",
      "limits": "Statutory creation does not by itself establish that every implementing delegation or office staffing is complete.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 138",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section138&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-60 §903",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "USD(Comptroller) and component comptrollers",
      "family": "Resource ownership and financial control",
      "role": "Prepare and execute budgets, oversee fiscal/accounting policy, identify appropriation availability, and assemble transfer/reprogramming requests. Component account owners connect the chosen authority to lawful funds.",
      "limits": "Cannot treat authorization ceilings as appropriations or move funds merely by interoffice agreement.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 135",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section135&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 2214",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2214&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "31 U.S.C. § 1532",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title31-section1532&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "Director, Cost Assessment and Program Evaluation (CAPE)",
      "family": "Resource analysis",
      "role": "Provide independent cost and program assessment to support resource tradeoffs, alternatives, and program decisions.",
      "limits": "Analysis/advice is not award or disbursement authority.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 139a",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section139a&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "USD(Intelligence and Security)",
      "family": "Intelligence and security integration",
      "role": "Direct and supervise Military Intelligence Program policy, planning, execution and resource use; carry out delegated DoD National Intelligence Program functions; oversee personnel, physical and industrial security and information protection.",
      "limits": "NIP functions involve SecDef delegation and DNI responsibilities; security or CI mission labels do not erase collection, contracting, or domestic-law limits.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 137",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section137&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "50 U.S.C. § 3038",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section3038&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and Joint Staff",
      "family": "Joint requirements and resource advice",
      "role": "Develop joint military advice and requirements priorities; assess capability shortfalls and plans; route qualifying Combatant Commander Initiative Fund support.",
      "limits": "Joint prioritization does not itself provide an acquisition appropriation or authorize a contractor award.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 153",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section153&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 166a",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section166a&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "Combatant commands and component commands",
      "family": "Demand and operational integration",
      "role": "Define campaign needs and integrate capabilities into plans and operations. FY2026 §873 authorizes experimentation, prototyping and technology demonstrations addressing command operational needs; a commander’s post-demonstration written determination may satisfy specified noncompetitive-acquisition justification and capability-need requirements. This authority sunsets September 30, 2028.",
      "limits": "Do not infer unrestricted industrial financing or general procurement funds from combatant command. Identify the actual account, contracting support and any special statute.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 164",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section164&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-60 §873; 10 U.S.C. §3601 note",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "USSOCOM and its acquisition executive",
      "family": "Special statutory acquisition role",
      "role": "Validate SOF requirements, propose resources and develop/acquire special-operations-peculiar equipment, materiel, supplies and services; coordinate supporting military departments.",
      "limits": "Not a general model granting identical acquisition powers to every combatant command; scope remains SOF-peculiar and subject to statutory supervision.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 167",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section167&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "Department of the Army",
      "family": "Service planning, resources and execution",
      "role": "Army Secretary and responsible acquisition, science, contracting, installation and logistics organizations carry out the Army’s express organizing, supplying, equipping, construction, maintenance and related functions. Specific offices appear in capability records.",
      "limits": "Service-wide responsibility is not a universal exception to instrument-specific procurement, finance or construction law.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 7013",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section7013&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "Department of the Navy, including Marine Corps",
      "family": "Service planning, resources and execution",
      "role": "Navy Secretary and Navy/Marine Corps acquisition, research, systems, contracting, logistics and facilities organizations connect requirements to execution. Specific systems commands and offices appear in capability records.",
      "limits": "Marine Corps and Navy requirements may have different sponsors/executors; departmental authority and an individual award delegation are distinct.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 8013",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section8013&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "Department of the Air Force, including Space Force",
      "family": "Service planning, resources and execution",
      "role": "Air Force Secretary and Air Force/Space Force acquisition, laboratory, contracting, space and installation organizations provide departmental acquisition and resource pathways.",
      "limits": "Space Force mission ownership does not eliminate the department’s legal and fiscal structure; use the particular statute and delegated signer.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 9013",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section9013&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "Defense Agencies and DoD Field Activities / fourth estate",
      "family": "Shared and specialized execution",
      "role": "Provide cross-Service supply, information, logistics, contracting support, research, intelligence and security functions. DLA, DISA, DARPA, DCMA, DCAA, DIA, NGA, NSA, NRO, DCSA and other named organizations are mapped where a capability needs them.",
      "limits": "“Fourth estate” is an organizational grouping, not a source of legal power. §192 contains special intelligence-agency treatment; §193 combat-support responsibilities also matter.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 191",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section191&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 192",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section192&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 193",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section193&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "Office of Strategic Capital",
      "family": "Industrial credit and capital coordination",
      "role": "Use the §149 credit/capital-assistance architecture and partner with appropriate industrial and private-finance actors.",
      "limits": "Capital-assistance language must be read with eligible-investment, credit, fee, subsidy, borrower and national-security conditions; not synonymous with unrestricted equity investing.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 149",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section149&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-60 §§905–906",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "General Counsel, component counsel and authorized award officials",
      "family": "Legal review and execution control",
      "role": "Counsel test the chosen mechanism against law; the actual contracting, grants, agreements, real-property, credit or claims official exercises the particular delegated authority.",
      "limits": "An office’s inclusion in this directory is not evidence of a named individual’s warrant, delegation, funds certification or transaction approval.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 140",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section140&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "31 U.S.C. § 1341",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title31-section1341&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "DDI Programs, Resources & Enterprise Management (PREM)",
      "family": "I&S planning and resource coordination",
      "role": "Enterprise capability/resource routing within OUSD(I&S): connect ISR, battlespace-awareness, analysis, architecture/PED and MIP/security-resource requirements to the responsible program owners. Route an unfunded intelligence capability here for alignment and advocacy, then to its agency/Service comptroller and execution office.",
      "limits": "Coordination and oversight are not a contracting warrant or independent appropriation. Confirm the NIP/MIP owner, legally available funds and actual delegation for the chosen instrument.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "OUSD(I&S) public organization directory",
          "url": "https://ousdi.defense.gov/About-Us/Organization/"
        },
        {
          "title": "Official Directors for Defense Intelligence mission statements",
          "url": "https://ousdi.defense.gov/About-Us/Director-for-Defense-Intelligence-DDI/"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 137",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section137&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "DDI Sensitive Activities & Special Programs (SASP)",
      "family": "I&S sensitive-activity governance",
      "role": "Route sensitive-activity and special-program proposals through the offices responsible for HUMINT, national programs and special programs; align their mission sponsor, legal/oversight review and properly authorized implementing element.",
      "limits": "Office remit is not authorization to conduct otherwise unauthorized collection or commerce. Commercial-cover transactions remain subject to 10 USC431–437, applicable CIA/FBI coordination and required approvals; an organizational title proves no individual delegation.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "OUSD(I&S) public organization directory",
          "url": "https://ousdi.defense.gov/About-Us/Organization/"
        },
        {
          "title": "Official Directors for Defense Intelligence mission statements",
          "url": "https://ousdi.defense.gov/About-Us/Director-for-Defense-Intelligence-DDI/"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 431",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section431&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 435",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section435&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "DDI Counterintelligence, Law Enforcement & Security (CL&S)",
      "family": "I&S security integration",
      "role": "Policy/integration route across information and acquisition protection, personnel vetting, physical/operations security, CI/identity intelligence and law enforcement. Pair industrial-protection requirements with DCSA, affected program owners and competent investigative partners.",
      "limits": "Enterprise coordination does not confer criminal jurisdiction, compulsory process or procurement authority. Keep security mitigation, CI collection and criminal investigation legally distinct; select the proper agency and underlying authority.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "OUSD(I&S) public organization directory",
          "url": "https://ousdi.defense.gov/About-Us/Organization/"
        },
        {
          "title": "Official Directors for Defense Intelligence mission statements",
          "url": "https://ousdi.defense.gov/About-Us/Director-for-Defense-Intelligence-DDI/"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 137",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section137&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 4819",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4819&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "DDI Warfighter Support (WS)",
      "family": "I&S operational and partner integration",
      "role": "Connect geographic/functional command intelligence needs with Defense intelligence programs and international partnerships. Regional desks, Global Operations & Integration, WMD Deterrence and Global Partnerships offer public routing points for aligning demand and partner arrangements.",
      "limits": "Advocacy and integration do not independently approve an intelligence operation, release protected information, conclude every foreign agreement or obligate funds. Route execution to the legally competent agency and approver.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "OUSD(I&S) public organization directory",
          "url": "https://ousdi.defense.gov/About-Us/Organization/"
        },
        {
          "title": "Official Directors for Defense Intelligence mission statements",
          "url": "https://ousdi.defense.gov/About-Us/Director-for-Defense-Intelligence-DDI/"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 426",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section426&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA)",
      "family": "Defense intelligence execution",
      "role": "Route all-source military intelligence and applicable Defense HUMINT/CI requirements to the appropriate DIA mission sponsor. Its finance/acquisition workforce provides programming, budgeting, allocation and contracting functions. DIA-specific pathways include foreign shared-intelligence funding and narrowly authorized confidential NIP expenses.",
      "limits": "Mission authority, financial flexibility and collection approval are separate. NIP/MIP limits, congressional conditions and specific delegations remain; DIA participation does not establish general domestic police or unlimited records-acquisition power.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "50 U.S.C. § 3038",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section3038&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 423",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section423&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "DIA Finance and Acquisition career field",
          "url": "https://www.dia.mil/Careers/Career-Fields/Finance-Acquisition/"
        },
        {
          "title": "FY2024 NDAA §1621: DIA shared intelligence funding",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-118publ31/html/PLAW-118publ31.htm"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "Defense Counterintelligence and Security Agency (DCSA)",
      "family": "Industrial protection and personnel security execution",
      "role": "For contractor protection, route through Industrial Security and relevant field support for facility security, FOCI mitigation and protected-information risk. Personnel Security handles workforce vetting; CI/Insider Threat supports those missions and coordinates external partners; Security Training builds practitioner capability.",
      "limits": "Security oversight is not CFIUS, an economy-wide commercial regulator or a blanket criminal-investigation grant. 10 USC4819 places DCSA within a multi-actor acquisition-risk chain. Existing legal authority does not establish sufficient staffing, analytic systems or current uncommitted funding.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "DCSA directorates and mission areas",
          "url": "https://www.dcsa.mil/About-Us/Directorates/"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 428",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section428&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 4819",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4819&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "GAO-26-107861 industrial-security implementation findings",
          "url": "https://www.gao.gov/products/gao-26-107861"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "National Security Agency / Central Security Service (NSA/CSS)",
      "family": "Cryptologic research and intelligence execution",
      "role": "Statutory SIGINT mission element and a route for cryptologic R&D requirements. Director NSA has express grant authority for qualifying cryptologic research; foreign cryptologic support uses its separate purpose-limited funding pathway. Pair a technical sponsor with the agency acquisition/grants and financial offices.",
      "limits": "Cryptologic research grants under 50 USC3611 are not general equity investment or unrestricted business support. The statute requires a national-security determination; mission status does not waive collection/privacy restrictions or provide a general domestic compulsory-records power.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "50 U.S.C. § 3038",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section3038&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "50 U.S.C. § 3611",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section3611&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 421",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section421&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA)",
      "family": "Geospatial acquisition and exchange execution",
      "role": "Route geospatial-data and service needs to the mission/program owner and authorized acquisition or exchange officials. NGA has specific tools for government/partner product exchange, bounded nongovernmental exchanges and use of map-sale receipts to pay foreign data-acquisition fees.",
      "limits": "Data exchange, release and receipts each have separate conditions. Nongovernmental/academic exchange authority is limited as specified in §454; security and international-agreement restrictions persist. Map receipts are not a general reinvestment pool.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "50 U.S.C. § 3038",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section3038&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 453",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section453&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 454",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section454&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 455",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section455&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "National Reconnaissance Office (NRO)",
      "family": "Reconnaissance acquisition execution",
      "role": "Statutory overhead-reconnaissance R&D, acquisition and operating mission. Route commercial remote-sensing proposals to NRO mission/acquisition channels; its February 2026 commercial-contract announcement is public evidence of actual commercial acquisition activity, not merely a planning aspiration.",
      "limits": "An agency mission or public solicitation is not itself a universal investment authority, promise of award or proof of funds for a new requirement. Apply the chosen acquisition statute, security/release conditions and program funding authority.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "50 U.S.C. § 3038",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section3038&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "NRO February 12, 2026 commercial-contract announcement",
          "url": "https://www.nro.gov/news-media-featured-stories/news-media-archive/News-Article/Article/4405778/maj-gen-povak-speaks-at-nssa-disc-announces-latest-commercial-contracts/"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "Army Counterintelligence Command (ACIC)",
      "family": "Service counterintelligence execution",
      "role": "Army CI routing for foreign-intelligence threats to modernization, critical infrastructure and theater requirements. Its regional headquarters, battalions and local offices provide CI support to commanders and organizations; pair affected acquisition/security programs with the appropriate supporting CI element.",
      "limits": "ACIC is distinct from Army Criminal Investigation Division. Public mission descriptions do not establish the specific delegated power for a proposed act; preserve legal review, partner coordination and applicable U.S.-person safeguards. CI threat support is not authority to award a contract.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "ACIC official mission and organization",
          "url": "https://www.army.mil/acic"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 423",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section423&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "Naval Criminal Investigative Service (NCIS), including Economic Crimes Field Office",
      "family": "Service investigative and acquisition-protection execution",
      "role": "NCIS provides a Department of the Navy investigative route; its Economic Crimes Field Office specifically addresses procurement fraud, corruption, product substitution and foreign exploitation of acquisition. Route relevant allegations through competent investigators, coordinated with program/contract officials; DOJ and U.S. Attorneys handle prosecution.",
      "limits": "An investigative assessment does not itself terminate a contract, impose a debarment or prosecute a case. Those actions require their own competent decision-makers and process. Distinguish criminal jurisdiction, CI support and acquisition management.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "NCIS Economic Crimes Field Office: mission and coordination",
          "url": "https://www.ncis.navy.mil/About-NCIS/Locations/Global-Operations/NCIS-Economic-Crimes-Field-Office/"
        },
        {
          "title": "NCIS field-office routing",
          "url": "https://www.ncis.navy.mil/About-NCIS/Locations/"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "Air Force Office of Special Investigations (AFOSI)",
      "family": "Service investigative and technology-protection execution",
      "role": "Investigative/CI partner serving Air Force and Space Force equities. Route technology-protection and foreign-threat concerns affecting relevant programs through AFOSI and the responsible program/security office; public OSI material identifies support for both Services and engagement around advanced technology.",
      "limits": "Technology protection is not general authority to direct private-sector investment or exercise any desired commercial power. Investigative, counterintelligence and acquisition actions retain different legal bases, delegated officials and coordination requirements.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "OSI strategic support to the Air Force and Space Force",
          "url": "https://www.osi.af.mil/News/Commentaries/Display/Article/2379116/important-strategic-steps-by-osi-support-usaf-and-ussf/"
        },
        {
          "title": "AFOSI public technology-protection mission example",
          "url": "https://www.osi.af.mil/News/Photos/igphoto/2003754295/"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "boundaries": [
    {
      "id": "A-01",
      "title": "Spend or promise money without the necessary fiscal authority",
      "rule": "Purpose, amount, period-of-availability and apportionment limits constrain obligations and expenditures. A mission, strategy, NDAA authorization amount or official promise does not by itself supply available money.",
      "exceptions": "Congress can expressly provide contract authority, no-year funds, special accounts or other exceptions. Apply the actual statute; do not assume all future commitments are prohibited.",
      "implication": "Pair every positive authority with a lawful account and funds-control chain.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "31 U.S.C. § 1301",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title31-section1301&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "31 U.S.C. § 1341",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title31-section1341&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "31 U.S.C. § 1502",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title31-section1502&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "31 U.S.C. § 1517",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title31-section1517&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "OPM v. Richmond, 496 U.S. 414, 424–434 (1990)",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-496/pdf/USREPORTS-496-414.pdf"
        }
      ],
      "status": "Legal boundary—read with stated exceptions"
    },
    {
      "id": "A-02",
      "title": "Move appropriations merely by coordination",
      "rule": "Transfers between appropriation accounts require legal authorization; the ordinary defense transfer framework imposes higher-priority/unforeseen-requirement and congressional-denial restrictions.",
      "exceptions": "A specific transfer statute or appropriation may provide different terms. Reprogramming within an account and transfers across accounts are not interchangeable.",
      "implication": "A coordinating body can find legal routes but cannot make every DoD dollar fungible.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "31 U.S.C. § 1532",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title31-section1532&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 2214",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2214&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-75 division A §8005",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ75/html/PLAW-119publ75.htm"
        }
      ],
      "status": "Legal boundary—read with stated exceptions"
    },
    {
      "id": "A-03",
      "title": "Use continuing-resolution funds for unrestricted new starts or production acceleration",
      "rule": "P.L. 119-103 §102 restricts specified DoD new production, rate increases, new activities and initiation of certain multiyear procurement with §101 funds. Sections 109–110 also constrain high initial distributions/grants and require the most limited continuation funding action.",
      "exceptions": "The law contains specific anomalies, including §§126–127; other independently available funds must be assessed under their own terms. This is not a universal ban on every new DoD activity.",
      "implication": "On the target date, test the actual funding source before marking an otherwise authorized action executable.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-103 division A §§101–110, 126–127",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ103/html/PLAW-119publ103.htm"
        }
      ],
      "status": "Legal boundary—read with stated exceptions"
    },
    {
      "id": "A-04",
      "title": "Recycle all receipts or create an unrestricted revenue pool",
      "rule": "The general rule requires Treasury deposit of money received for the Government; receipt of funds does not automatically allow retention and reuse.",
      "exceptions": "Congress provides specific exceptions, including qualifying working-capital, reimbursement, gift, licensing and other special-account authorities.",
      "implication": "Use the specific receipt-retention rule, not a general business analogy.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "31 U.S.C. § 3302",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title31-section3302&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 2205",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2205&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 2208",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2208&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "15 U.S.C. § 3710c",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section3710c&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 2608",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2608&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ],
      "status": "Legal boundary—read with stated exceptions"
    },
    {
      "id": "A-05",
      "title": "Create or acquire a corporation to act as a federal agency without specific law",
      "rule": "31 U.S.C. §9102 requires specific statutory authorization for establishing or acquiring a corporation to act as an agency.",
      "exceptions": "This is not a blanket prohibition on every corporate security or minority investment; specific investment authority and the nature of the entity/action matter.",
      "implication": "A proposed government corporate vehicle needs its own legal-basis analysis.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "31 U.S.C. § 9102",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title31-section9102&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ],
      "status": "Legal boundary—read with stated exceptions"
    },
    {
      "id": "A-06",
      "title": "Seize and operate private industry solely on a broad national-defense rationale",
      "rule": "Youngstown rejected the steel-mill seizure at issue because neither statute nor the President’s asserted constitutional powers authorized that action.",
      "exceptions": "The holding does not negate lawful purchases, DPA priorities, acquisition/condemnation under specific statutes, or other separately authorized action.",
      "implication": "Do not treat mobilization strategy or an emergency declaration as a universal industrial takeover power.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. v. Sawyer, 343 U.S. 579, 585–589 (1952)",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-343/pdf/USREPORTS-343-579.pdf"
        }
      ],
      "status": "Legal boundary—read with stated exceptions"
    },
    {
      "id": "A-07",
      "title": "Treat military support as general civilian law-enforcement authority",
      "rule": "The Posse Comitatus Act and 10 U.S.C. §275 limit military execution of civilian laws and direct participation in searches, seizures, arrests and similar activity.",
      "exceptions": "Express constitutional/statutory exceptions and specific investigative authorities require separate analysis. This is not a claim that DoD has no criminal-investigation, protective or counterintelligence authority.",
      "implication": "Where an economic/security objective calls for civilian enforcement, map the proper DoJ/FBI/DHS or other partner and the lawful support mechanism.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "18 U.S.C. § 1385",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title18-section1385&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 275",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section275&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ],
      "status": "Legal boundary—read with stated exceptions"
    },
    {
      "id": "A-08",
      "title": "Use an other transaction as an exemption from all law",
      "rule": "Research, prototype and construction OTs have different statutory scopes, participation/approval conditions and follow-on rules; their flexibility does not repeal fiscal law or applicable substantive prohibitions.",
      "exceptions": "Each OT statute expressly displaces or modifies particular requirements; only those applicable exceptions should be claimed.",
      "implication": "Choose the correct OT category and preserve the rest of the legal chain.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 4021",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4021&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 4022",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4022&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-60 §2802, adding 10 U.S.C. §2808a",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm"
        },
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-106 §2, OT reporting",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ106/html/PLAW-119publ106.htm"
        }
      ],
      "status": "Legal boundary—read with stated exceptions"
    },
    {
      "id": "A-09",
      "title": "Use pre-enactment funds for specified newly added IBF powers",
      "rule": "FY2026 NDAA §867(b) bars funds made available before enactment from carrying out activities under new §4817(g), (h), (i) or (j).",
      "exceptions": "This restriction concerns the specified newly added subsections, not every legacy industrial-base activity. A qualifying later appropriation may support eligible new-authority use.",
      "implication": "Do not pair a new §4817 power with an older funding balance without tracing this statutory limitation.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-60 §867(b)",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm"
        }
      ],
      "status": "Legal boundary—read with stated exceptions"
    },
    {
      "id": "A-10",
      "title": "Disregard industrial sourcing restrictions because a capability is urgent",
      "rule": "Domestic/source restrictions apply to the covered commodities and materials within their statutory scope.",
      "exceptions": "Statutory exceptions and waivers differ by section; urgency is not a freestanding universal waiver. Policy may further limit how a lawful waiver is exercised.",
      "implication": "Show both the preferred procurement/industrial route and the precise exception if required.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 4862",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4862&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 4863",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4863&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 4872",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4872&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ],
      "status": "Legal boundary—read with stated exceptions"
    },
    {
      "id": "A-11",
      "title": "Outsource all organic depot work without statutory review",
      "rule": "Core logistics requirements and the public/private depot workload limitation constrain outsourcing of covered work.",
      "exceptions": "Definitions, exclusions and authorized waivers are consequential; do not apply a blanket 50-percent rule to every maintenance dollar.",
      "implication": "Industrial partnerships must be structured around the relevant organic-capability and workload rules.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 2464",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2464&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 2466",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2466&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ],
      "status": "Legal boundary—read with stated exceptions"
    },
    {
      "id": "A-12",
      "title": "Impose an industry-wide tax under general fee authority",
      "rule": "General agency fee authority is bounded by services/benefits to recipients and judicial limits; it is not an open-ended revenue-raising power.",
      "exceptions": "Separate laws may authorize particular charges or assessments.",
      "implication": "A self-financing defense investment model cannot simply assume a new levy on firms.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "31 U.S.C. § 9701",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title31-section9701&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "National Cable Television Ass’n v. United States, 415 U.S. 336, 340–344 (1974)",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-415/pdf/USREPORTS-415-336.pdf"
        }
      ],
      "status": "Legal boundary—read with stated exceptions"
    }
  ],
  "gaps": [
    {
      "id": "B-01",
      "need": "Expand defense production and sustainment at greater speed and scale",
      "status": "Existing pathways; execution conditions",
      "existing_path": "Industrial Base Fund incentives, DPA capacity/purchase tools, defense credit, procurement demand, multiyear approaches and organic/public-private logistics mechanisms offer a broad toolkit.",
      "residual_question": "Which eligible projects, qualified firms, funding vintages, facilities, workforce and purchase commitments can be assembled now? The inventory does not establish that required funds are uncommitted.",
      "coordination_or_legislative_question": "Start with a cross-office execution package. Do not assert that a new general investment authority is needed merely because output remains insufficient.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "2026 National Defense Strategy, pp. 5, 16–21",
          "url": "https://www.army.mil/e2/downloads/rv7/about/2026-NATIONAL-DEFENSE-STRATEGY.pdf"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 4817",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4817&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 149",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section149&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "50 U.S.C. § 4533",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section4533&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-103, FY2027 Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ103/html/PLAW-119publ103.htm"
        }
      ],
      "interpretation": "Analytical mapping from the cited demand to statutory mechanisms; not a claim that the strategy expressly requests every possible mechanism."
    },
    {
      "id": "B-02",
      "need": "Move promising commercial technology into operational use",
      "status": "Existing pathways; coordination challenge",
      "existing_path": "Research/prototype OTs, commercial-solution competitions, experimental procurement, SBIR/STTR and follow-on acquisition can connect experimentation to production.",
      "residual_question": "The handoff to an operational sponsor, production/sustainment account, test approval and contracting/agreements official remains transaction-specific.",
      "coordination_or_legislative_question": "Identify the transition sponsor and future buyer at the beginning; an execution handoff failure is not proof of absent authority.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "EO 14265, Modernizing Defense Acquisitions (April 9, 2025)",
          "url": "https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/04/modernizing-defense-acquisitions-and-spurring-innovation-in-the-defense-industrial-base/"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 4021",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4021&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 4022",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4022&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 4023",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4023&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 3458",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section3458&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-83, SBIR/STTR reauthorization",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ83/html/PLAW-119publ83.htm"
        }
      ],
      "interpretation": "Analytical mapping from the cited demand to statutory mechanisms; not a claim that the strategy expressly requests every possible mechanism."
    },
    {
      "id": "B-03",
      "need": "Finance secure domestic and allied mineral supply chains",
      "status": "Existing pathways; instrument-level question",
      "existing_path": "DPA, §4817, §149, stockpile instruments and procurement/qualification routes support different parts of this objective. The §4816-note industrial pilot expressly supports third-party debt/equity investment through December 31, 2026; §4817(h)(3) provides time-limited intermediary investment awards. Housing equity is another express but sector-specific power, not a mineral-project grant.",
      "residual_question": "For any proposed direct corporate-equity investment, identify the precise statutory clause, instrument terms, findings, funds vintage and approval chain. Broad policy references to equity are not a substitute. Project geography also matters: DPA Title III domestic-source eligibility is not equivalent to every allied location.",
      "coordination_or_legislative_question": "A narrow equity or foreign-project gap can only be substantiated after existing industrial powers and partner routes are tested; classify it as unresolved here.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "EO 14241, Immediate Measures to Increase American Mineral Production (March 20, 2025)",
          "url": "https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/03/immediate-measures-to-increase-american-mineral-production/"
        },
        {
          "title": "EO 14415, Securing America’s Defense Supply Chains (July 20, 2026)",
          "url": "https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2026/07/securing-americas-defense-supply-chains-and-ensuring-domestic-acquisition-of-critical-materials/"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 4816",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4816&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 4817",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4817&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 149",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section149&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 2875",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2875&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "50 U.S.C. § 4533",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section4533&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "50 U.S.C. § 4552",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section4552&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "P.L. 115-91 §1711, industrial innovation pilot (as amended in 10 U.S.C. §4816 note)",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-115publ91/html/PLAW-115publ91.htm"
        }
      ],
      "interpretation": "Analytical mapping from the cited demand to statutory mechanisms; not a claim that the strategy expressly requests every possible mechanism."
    },
    {
      "id": "B-04",
      "need": "Increase allied production and shared defense capacity",
      "status": "Existing pathways with partner concurrence",
      "existing_path": "Cooperative R&D/acquisition, security-assistance/sales, logistics exchanges and host-nation contributions supply different routes.",
      "residual_question": "Eligibility, cost allocation, technology releasability, State concurrence/export roles, recipient safeguards and foreign consent still matter.",
      "coordination_or_legislative_question": "A DoD-only solution may not be appropriate even where the U.S. Government already has the needed powers.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "2026 National Defense Strategy, pp. 5, 16–21",
          "url": "https://www.army.mil/e2/downloads/rv7/about/2026-NATIONAL-DEFENSE-STRATEGY.pdf"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 2350a",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2350a&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 2342",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2342&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 333",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section333&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "22 U.S.C. § 2761",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2761&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ],
      "interpretation": "Analytical mapping from the cited demand to statutory mechanisms; not a claim that the strategy expressly requests every possible mechanism."
    },
    {
      "id": "B-05",
      "need": "Shift resources quickly as technology and threats change",
      "status": "Specific flexibility limit; not a universal mission-authority gap",
      "existing_path": "Annual transfer authorities, lawful reprogramming and selected flexible instruments permit some shifts.",
      "residual_question": "A standing power to move any DoD appropriation to any new purpose is not provided by §2214 or interoffice coordination; current CR funds also carry new-start limits.",
      "coordination_or_legislative_question": "If the defined operational need cannot fit a lawful existing account/transfer/anomaly, specify the narrow additional fiscal authority or appropriation needed. Do not seek a redundant acquisition authority.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "EO 14265, Modernizing Defense Acquisitions (April 9, 2025)",
          "url": "https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/04/modernizing-defense-acquisitions-and-spurring-innovation-in-the-defense-industrial-base/"
        },
        {
          "title": "31 U.S.C. § 1532",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title31-section1532&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 2214",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2214&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-103, FY2027 Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ103/html/PLAW-119publ103.htm"
        }
      ],
      "interpretation": "Analytical mapping from the cited demand to statutory mechanisms; not a claim that the strategy expressly requests every possible mechanism."
    },
    {
      "id": "B-06",
      "need": "Create stable long-horizon demand for industrial investment",
      "status": "Existing pathways with statutory time horizons",
      "existing_path": "DPA purchase commitments, §4817 purchase commitments and statutory multiyear procurement can reduce demand uncertainty within their terms.",
      "residual_question": "New use of expiring powers is time-limited; DPA extension to December 11, 2026 is a future continuity issue, not proof that it is unavailable on the target date. Section 4564(c) preserves carrying out pre-termination DPA obligations; confirm that the instrument qualifies and distinguish lawful performance from new commitments.",
      "coordination_or_legislative_question": "Separate a request for durable reauthorization or appropriations from a request for a power that already exists today.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "2026 National Defense Strategy, pp. 5, 16–21",
          "url": "https://www.army.mil/e2/downloads/rv7/about/2026-NATIONAL-DEFENSE-STRATEGY.pdf"
        },
        {
          "title": "EO 14372, Prioritizing the Warfighter in Defense Contracting (January 7, 2026)",
          "url": "https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2026/01/prioritizing-the-warfighter-in-defense-contracting/"
        },
        {
          "title": "50 U.S.C. § 4564",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section4564&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 4817",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4817&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-103 §2004",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ103/html/PLAW-119publ103.htm"
        }
      ],
      "interpretation": "Analytical mapping from the cited demand to statutory mechanisms; not a claim that the strategy expressly requests every possible mechanism."
    },
    {
      "id": "B-07",
      "need": "Align contractor financial behavior with production performance",
      "status": "Candidate scope gap—legal validation required",
      "existing_path": "Contract terms/remedies, voluntary agreements and applicable DPA tools can address performance and capacity in defined circumstances.",
      "residual_question": "A blanket power for DoD to regulate every defense firm’s dividends, buybacks or executive compensation independently of a valid contractual/statutory nexus has not been established by this review. EO 14372 itself invokes applicable-law limits and separate SEC consideration.",
      "coordination_or_legislative_question": "Test the proposed measure against actual contracts and express statutes before treating it as executable. If broader direct regulation is truly required, define that residual power for Congress or the competent regulator.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "EO 14372, Prioritizing the Warfighter in Defense Contracting (January 7, 2026)",
          "url": "https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2026/01/prioritizing-the-warfighter-in-defense-contracting/"
        },
        {
          "title": "50 U.S.C. § 4511",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section4511&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "31 U.S.C. § 1301",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title31-section1301&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ],
      "interpretation": "Analytical mapping from the cited demand to statutory mechanisms; not a claim that the strategy expressly requests every possible mechanism."
    },
    {
      "id": "B-08",
      "need": "Illuminate and secure defense supply chains across tiers",
      "status": "Existing authority; implementation and scope verification",
      "existing_path": "Industrial-base assessments, statutory sourcing restrictions, security/FOCI mechanisms, lawful contract requirements and information-gathering powers offer pathways.",
      "residual_question": "The July 2026 order schedules additional guidance/rules and January 2027 waiver-policy changes. A future implementation deadline is not a current statutory grant or proof of an authority gap.",
      "coordination_or_legislative_question": "Identify the exact required dataset, existing contractual/data rights and statutory information authority; distinguish implementation work from the need for new law.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "EO 14415, Securing America’s Defense Supply Chains (July 20, 2026)",
          "url": "https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2026/07/securing-americas-defense-supply-chains-and-ensuring-domestic-acquisition-of-critical-materials/"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 4872",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4872&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "50 U.S.C. § 4555",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section4555&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ],
      "interpretation": "Analytical mapping from the cited demand to statutory mechanisms; not a claim that the strategy expressly requests every possible mechanism."
    },
    {
      "id": "B-09",
      "need": "Protect critical firms and technology against hostile economic influence",
      "status": "Partner-dependent pathway",
      "existing_path": "DoD industrial-security/CI work, procurement exclusions and risk assessment can inform a broader response; investment screening and civilian investigation involve other authorities and actors.",
      "residual_question": "DoD cannot infer an unrestricted civilian search, prosecution, asset-blocking or company-acquisition prohibition power from its security mission. Specific DoD investigative powers remain distinct. Separately, GAO documented industrial-security workforce, regional risk-analysis and IT implementation gaps; those are execution/resource-management findings, not proof of missing statutory powers.",
      "coordination_or_legislative_question": "Route the needed act to the competent interagency authority; only seek new DoD power if a defined residual requirement cannot be met through that lawful division of responsibilities.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "2026 National Defense Strategy, pp. 5, 16–21",
          "url": "https://www.army.mil/e2/downloads/rv7/about/2026-NATIONAL-DEFENSE-STRATEGY.pdf"
        },
        {
          "title": "EO 14415, Securing America’s Defense Supply Chains (July 20, 2026)",
          "url": "https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2026/07/securing-americas-defense-supply-chains-and-ensuring-domestic-acquisition-of-critical-materials/"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 137",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section137&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "50 U.S.C. § 4565",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section4565&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "18 U.S.C. § 1385",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title18-section1385&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "GAO-26-107861, Industrial Security (April 24, 2026; recommendation updates August 2026)",
          "url": "https://www.gao.gov/products/gao-26-107861"
        }
      ],
      "interpretation": "Analytical mapping from the cited demand to statutory mechanisms; not a claim that the strategy expressly requests every possible mechanism."
    },
    {
      "id": "B-10",
      "need": "Use economic restrictions to reduce adversary leverage",
      "status": "Partner-dependent, not a demonstrated U.S.-Government authority gap",
      "existing_path": "Presidential economic-emergency and trade powers and competent Treasury/Commerce/State processes may complement DoD sourcing, contracting and industrial measures.",
      "residual_question": "A generic power for DoD independently to impose economy-wide sanctions, tariffs or export licensing is not established merely by its national-security mission. Any delegated role must be traced.",
      "coordination_or_legislative_question": "Distinguish “DoD does not own the required decision” from “the United States lacks authority”; the latter has not been demonstrated here.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "2026 National Defense Strategy, pp. 5, 16–21",
          "url": "https://www.army.mil/e2/downloads/rv7/about/2026-NATIONAL-DEFENSE-STRATEGY.pdf"
        },
        {
          "title": "EO 14415, Securing America’s Defense Supply Chains (July 20, 2026)",
          "url": "https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2026/07/securing-americas-defense-supply-chains-and-ensuring-domestic-acquisition-of-critical-materials/"
        },
        {
          "title": "50 U.S.C. § 1701",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section1701&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "50 U.S.C. § 1702",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section1702&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "50 U.S.C. § 4565",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section4565&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ],
      "interpretation": "Analytical mapping from the cited demand to statutory mechanisms; not a claim that the strategy expressly requests every possible mechanism."
    },
    {
      "id": "B-11",
      "need": "Accelerate drone fielding while expanding the supplier base",
      "status": "Existing acquisition pathways; external constraints remain",
      "existing_path": "Research, prototype, commercial acquisition and production-support tools can support an eligible defense drone requirement.",
      "residual_question": "Airspace permissions, spectrum, test-range access, supply restrictions and fielding approvals are separate; acquisition authority does not waive them. This research does not establish a missing general power to buy drones.",
      "coordination_or_legislative_question": "Name the actual blocked action before requesting legislation; use relevant DoD and civil-agency coordination where existing law permits.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Unleashing American Drone Dominance (June 6, 2025)",
          "url": "https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/06/unleashing-american-drone-dominance/"
        },
        {
          "title": "EO 14265, Modernizing Defense Acquisitions (April 9, 2025)",
          "url": "https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/04/modernizing-defense-acquisitions-and-spurring-innovation-in-the-defense-industrial-base/"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 4022",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4022&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 3458",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section3458&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ],
      "interpretation": "Analytical mapping from the cited demand to statutory mechanisms; not a claim that the strategy expressly requests every possible mechanism."
    },
    {
      "id": "B-12",
      "need": "Grow organic sustainment and the industrial workforce",
      "status": "Existing pathways with scope and resource conditions",
      "existing_path": "Public-private depot/arsenal arrangements, industrial-base assistance and workforce/research programs can support the strategy’s demand for stronger sustainment capacity.",
      "residual_question": "Core logistics, covered workload limits, workforce eligibility, facilities, and lawful funds still constrain a specific plan; no missing general power to support workforce capacity is demonstrated.",
      "coordination_or_legislative_question": "Build a defined workforce and sustainment package before seeking another broad authority. If a specific population, facility or funding use is ineligible, document that narrow residual issue.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "2026 National Defense Strategy, pp. 5, 16–21",
          "url": "https://www.army.mil/e2/downloads/rv7/about/2026-NATIONAL-DEFENSE-STRATEGY.pdf"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 2474",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2474&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 2464",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2464&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 2466",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2466&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 4817",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4817&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ],
      "interpretation": "Analytical mapping from the cited demand to statutory mechanisms; not a claim that the strategy expressly requests every possible mechanism."
    }
  ],
  "pathways": [
    {
      "title": "From critical-material shortfall to reliable production",
      "steps": [
        "Service/COCOM defines the defense demand; IBP and DLA validate the supply-chain problem.",
        "Choose the eligible capacity, credit, stockpile or purchase-commitment mechanism—do not conflate them.",
        "Match the mechanism to the appropriation and funds vintage; check CR and FY2026 §867 constraints.",
        "Assemble technical diligence, required findings, security/sourcing review and award authority.",
        "Connect output to a qualified defense buyer, sustainment demand and performance oversight."
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 4817",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4817&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 149",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section149&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "50 U.S.C. § 4533",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section4533&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-60, FY2026 NDAA",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm"
        },
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-103, FY2027 Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ103/html/PLAW-119publ103.htm"
        }
      ],
      "boundary": "A producer, a financing instrument and a purchase contract may require different offices and legal predicates."
    },
    {
      "title": "From operational need to commercial prototype and production",
      "steps": [
        "COCOM or Service states the problem and identifies an operational/production sponsor.",
        "Research or prototype through the appropriate statutory mechanism; involve DIU, DARPA, a Service laboratory or acquisition organization where relevant.",
        "Document participation, competition, prototype scope and approval conditions.",
        "Use a lawful follow-on production route if its statutory requirements are met; otherwise select another acquisition route.",
        "Fund and approve testing, integration, data/IP needs, deployment and sustainment separately as required."
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 4021",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4021&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 4022",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4022&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 3458",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section3458&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-60 §873",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm"
        }
      ],
      "boundary": "A successful demonstration is not by itself a funded production program."
    },
    {
      "title": "From allied requirement to shared capability",
      "steps": [
        "COCOM, Service international-program office and policy staff identify the common objective and eligible partners.",
        "Select cooperative R&D/acquisition, security cooperation/sales, or reciprocal logistics according to what is actually being exchanged.",
        "Resolve country eligibility, allocation of costs, export/releasability, State involvement and recipient safeguards.",
        "Designate the implementing Service/agency, account and contracting or agreement authority.",
        "Track delivery, end use, sustainment and partner commitments."
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 2350a",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2350a&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 333",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section333&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 2342",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2342&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "22 U.S.C. § 2761",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2761&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ],
      "boundary": "Do not use a logistics-exchange mechanism to disguise an otherwise unauthorized assistance or weapons-transfer program."
    },
    {
      "title": "From infrastructure requirement to a usable facility",
      "steps": [
        "Mission owner and installation/engineering organization identify the site, project purpose and ownership model.",
        "Choose authorized construction, leasing, energy-service, industrial-facility or partnership authority appropriate to that model.",
        "Verify project authorization, appropriation, monetary/category thresholds, notices, land rights and environmental requirements.",
        "Identify the actual real-estate, construction contracting or agreements official; §2808a is distinct from emergency §2808.",
        "Assign long-term operations, utilities, maintenance and disposition responsibility."
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 2802",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2802&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 2667",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2667&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 2922a",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2922a&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-60 §2802",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm"
        }
      ],
      "boundary": "Section 2808a expressly displaces chapters 221 and 223 and §2851(a); §2853, required notification, lawful funding and other applicable property/environmental rules remain. Do not assume either that all ordinary construction rules survive or that all are waived."
    },
    {
      "title": "From security concern to lawful economic protection",
      "steps": [
        "USD(I&S), relevant defense intelligence/security organizations and the program owner identify a supportable risk.",
        "Use the authorized security, procurement and industrial-base processes applicable to the firm or transaction.",
        "Identify whether the required action is DoD contractual/administrative, intelligence, civilian investigation, investment screening or economic restriction.",
        "Route partner-owned decisions to the lawful authority; preserve information-handling and oversight requirements.",
        "Return mitigation requirements to the acquisition and resource owners."
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 137",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section137&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "50 U.S.C. § 4565",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section4565&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 275",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section275&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ],
      "boundary": "A shared security objective does not merge the powers of DoD, Treasury, Commerce, State and law enforcement."
    },
    {
      "title": "From distributed requirement to coordinated funding and execution",
      "steps": [
        "Name a mission sponsor and one accountable coordinating official; identify all participating components.",
        "Select existing substantive authorities before selecting the transfer or interagency payment vehicle.",
        "Map each appropriation, purpose/time/amount restriction and any reimbursable order or transfer authority.",
        "Record who approves, who signs and who accepts/oversees performance.",
        "Separate unresolved legal authority from absent money, pending delegation, partner consent or an implementation bottleneck."
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "31 U.S.C. § 1535",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title31-section1535&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 2205",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2205&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 2214",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2214&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "31 U.S.C. § 1341",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title31-section1341&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ],
      "boundary": "The Economy Act and a coordination memorandum do not create new substantive powers or extend expiring funds."
    }
  ],
  "strategy_sources": [
    {
      "title": "2026 National Defense Strategy, pp. 5, 16–21",
      "url": "https://www.army.mil/e2/downloads/rv7/about/2026-NATIONAL-DEFENSE-STRATEGY.pdf"
    },
    {
      "title": "EO 14265, Modernizing Defense Acquisitions (April 9, 2025)",
      "url": "https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/04/modernizing-defense-acquisitions-and-spurring-innovation-in-the-defense-industrial-base/"
    },
    {
      "title": "EO 14372, Prioritizing the Warfighter in Defense Contracting (January 7, 2026)",
      "url": "https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2026/01/prioritizing-the-warfighter-in-defense-contracting/"
    },
    {
      "title": "EO 14415, Securing America’s Defense Supply Chains (July 20, 2026)",
      "url": "https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2026/07/securing-americas-defense-supply-chains-and-ensuring-domestic-acquisition-of-critical-materials/"
    },
    {
      "title": "EO 14241, Immediate Measures to Increase American Mineral Production (March 20, 2025)",
      "url": "https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/03/immediate-measures-to-increase-american-mineral-production/"
    },
    {
      "title": "Unleashing American Drone Dominance (June 6, 2025)",
      "url": "https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/06/unleashing-american-drone-dominance/"
    }
  ],
  "metadata": {
    "title": "DoD Authorities Atlas",
    "target_date": "2026-10-02",
    "audience": "US national-security professionals, mainly DoD",
    "source_scope": "Public sources; express statutes and judicial holdings",
    "currency_status": "Targeted current-law reconciliation; not exhaustive or certified",
    "domain_counts": {
      "Acquisition, research and innovation": 56,
      "Industry, finance, property and infrastructure": 55,
      "International, intelligence and security": 46,
      "Financial and enterprise coordination": 11
    },
    "capability_count": 168,
    "family_count": 14
  },
  "authorities": [
    {
      "id": "ACQ-01",
      "category": "Research & experimentation",
      "capability": "Conduct and purchase defense-relevant research and development",
      "summary": "Conduct basic, applied and advanced research and development internally, through military departments, by contract, or by agreement with another federal agency.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §4001",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4001&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §4007",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4007&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §4014",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4014&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense or Secretary of a military department",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "USD(R&E) and Service science-and-technology executives",
          "DARPA or Service laboratory/program manager"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Sponsoring component RDT&E budget owner; component comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense or military-department Secretary; valid delegate must be confirmed"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "DARPA Contracts Management Office or Service contracting/grants/agreements office",
          "Performing laboratory or external research performer"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Operational customer / acquiring program",
          "Security, export-control, counsel and fiscal officials as applicable"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DARPA Contracts Management Office — award and administration roles",
          "url": "https://www.darpa.mil/about/offices/contracts-management"
        },
        {
          "title": "DEVCOM ARL Broad Agency Announcement — program managers and award instruments",
          "url": "https://arl.devcom.army.mil/collaborate-with-us/opportunity/arl-baa/"
        },
        {
          "title": "Office of Naval Research — funding opportunities",
          "url": "https://www.onr.navy.mil/work-with-us/funding-opportunities"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Research must be necessary to departmental R&D responsibilities and concern military needs or potential DoD interest."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Not authority to fund a project with no potential defense interest.",
        "An interagency execution route does not transfer the partner agency’s distinct sovereign powers to DoD."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Appropriate available RDT&E or other lawfully available funds; budget owner must document purpose, period and amount."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement owner → research sponsor/program manager → fiscal and security review → authorized contracting or intramural execution office.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation.",
      "family": "Research, innovation and experimentation"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-02",
      "category": "Research financial assistance",
      "capability": "Fund external R&D through grants and cooperative agreements",
      "summary": "Provide assistance for defense-relevant research; use a cooperative agreement when substantial federal involvement is expected, and a grant when it is not.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §4001(b)",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4001&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §4024",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4024&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §4141",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4141&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "31 U.S.C. §6304",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title31-section6304&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "31 U.S.C. §6305",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title31-section6305&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "31 U.S.C. §6303",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title31-section6303&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Instrument-selection rule, not the substantive grant authority; research authority is10 U.S.C. §4001."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense or military-department Secretary",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "USD(R&E) and Service science-and-technology executives",
          "DARPA or Service laboratory/program manager"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Sponsoring component RDT&E budget owner; component comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense or military-department Secretary; valid delegate must be confirmed"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "DARPA Contracts Management Office or Service contracting/grants/agreements office",
          "Performing laboratory or external research performer"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Operational customer / acquiring program",
          "Security, export-control, counsel and fiscal officials as applicable"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DARPA Contracts Management Office — award and administration roles",
          "url": "https://www.darpa.mil/about/offices/contracts-management"
        },
        {
          "title": "DEVCOM ARL Broad Agency Announcement — program managers and award instruments",
          "url": "https://arl.devcom.army.mil/collaborate-with-us/opportunity/arl-baa/"
        },
        {
          "title": "Office of Naval Research — funding opportunities",
          "url": "https://www.onr.navy.mil/work-with-us/funding-opportunities"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Instrument selection follows 31 U.S.C. chapter 63: assistance for a public purpose versus acquiring for federal direct use.",
        "New research grants use merit-based selection; university awards obey §4141 competition rules."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Not a general-purpose economic-development grant power.",
        "University earmark exceptions require explicit statutory language and applicable notice/wait; grant and contract labels are not interchangeable."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Available funds for the authorized research purpose; research-security and award conditions remain applicable."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Research program manager → grants officer → university/company eligibility and security review → assistance award.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation.",
      "family": "Research, innovation and experimentation"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-03",
      "category": "Other transactions",
      "capability": "Negotiate research OTs, cost sharing and contingent repayments",
      "summary": "Use research transactions outside procurement contracts, grants and cooperative agreements; negotiate advances and repayment clauses that credit designated research-support accounts.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §4021",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4021&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense and each military-department Secretary; Secretary of Defense acts through DARPA, DIU or another designated element",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "USD(R&E) and Service science-and-technology executives",
          "DARPA or Service laboratory/program manager"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Sponsoring component RDT&E budget owner; component comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense or military-department Secretary; valid delegate must be confirmed"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "DARPA Contracts Management Office or Service contracting/grants/agreements office",
          "Performing laboratory or external research performer"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Operational customer / acquiring program",
          "Security, export-control, counsel and fiscal officials as applicable"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DARPA Contracts Management Office — award and administration roles",
          "url": "https://www.darpa.mil/about/offices/contracts-management"
        },
        {
          "title": "DIU Work With Us — mission customer, liaison, funding and prototype execution",
          "url": "https://www.diu.mil/work-with-us"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Basic, applied or advanced research purpose.",
        "Avoid duplicating existing DoD research to maximum practicable extent; nonfederal funding should match federal funding to extent Secretary determines practicable."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Research OT is not unrestricted production, lending or equity authority.",
        "Recovery/reuse of payments only through statutory support-account mechanism; negotiated IP and applicable law still matter."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Advance payments permitted notwithstanding 31 U.S.C. §3324.",
        "Payments received under authorized clauses may be credited to statutory accounts as Secretary of Defense authorizes."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Research sponsor → DARPA/DIU/Service agreements office → negotiate contributions, IP, milestones and repayment → comptroller establishes proper account.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation.",
      "family": "Research, innovation and experimentation"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-04",
      "category": "Other transactions",
      "capability": "Prototype technology, processes and business arrangements with flexible OTs",
      "summary": "Carry out directly defense-relevant prototypes, including proofs of concept, business processes, reverse engineering for obsolescence, commercial-technology pilots and agile development.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §4022(a)-(e)",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4022&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §4021",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4021&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "DARPA Director, DIU Director, military-department Secretary, or official designated by Secretary of Defense",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "USD(R&E) and Service science-and-technology executives",
          "DARPA or Service laboratory/program manager"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Sponsoring component RDT&E budget owner; component comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense or military-department Secretary; valid delegate must be confirmed"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "DARPA Contracts Management Office or Service contracting/grants/agreements office",
          "Performing laboratory or external research performer"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Operational customer / acquiring program",
          "Security, export-control, counsel and fiscal officials as applicable"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DARPA Contracts Management Office — award and administration roles",
          "url": "https://www.darpa.mil/about/offices/contracts-management"
        },
        {
          "title": "DIU Work With Us — mission customer, liaison, funding and prototype execution",
          "url": "https://www.diu.mil/work-with-us"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "At least one eligibility path: significant nontraditional contractor/nonprofit participation; all significant nonfederal participants small/nontraditional; one-third nonfederal cost share; or senior-procurement-executive exceptional-circumstances finding.",
        "Competition to maximum extent practicable."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Above $100m through $500m: nondelegable written determination by specified contracting/agency head; above $500m: senior approval plus 30-day congressional advance notice.",
        "Procurement-integrity law applies; agreement must address applicable audit access."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Existing lawfully available project funds; prototype instrument does not supply an appropriation."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Operational sponsor supplies need and funding → DIU/DARPA/Service agreements officer structures eligible prototype → threshold approver → technical success assessment.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation. OLRC indexed current text dated 2026-09-15 cross-checked for key thresholds and eligibility.",
      "family": "Research, innovation and experimentation"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-05",
      "category": "Transition & scaling",
      "capability": "Award follow-on production or sustainment after a successful prototype OT",
      "summary": "Implement or expand successful prototype results through a follow-on production contract or transaction, including sustainment; a successful consortium subproject need not await all other subprojects.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §4022(f)-(h)",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4022&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §4022(a)(2)(C)",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4022&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Authorized §4022 awarding official; covered official approves follow-on awards above statutory threshold",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Operational requirement owner; Service/component portfolio acquisition executive and program manager"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Sponsoring Service/component appropriations manager and comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Service/component acquisition executive and authorized contracting authority, at applicable threshold"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Warranted contracting officer and program manager"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "User command",
          "Counsel, fiscal, engineering, testing, logistics and security staff as applicable"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DIU Work With Us — mission customer, liaison, funding and prototype execution",
          "url": "https://www.diu.mil/work-with-us"
        },
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-60 §1802 / 10 U.S.C. 1732 — portfolio plans, budgets, execution and reporting chain",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Noncompetitive follow-on requires competitive selection of prototype participants and successful completion of the relevant prototype.",
        "Award to participants and documentation tying production to successful result."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "A noncompetitive prototype does not automatically create noncompetitive production eligibility.",
        "Follow-ons above $100m require covered-official findings and notice when exercised; paragraph(d) participation/cost-share tests do not reapply to production."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Production/sustainment funds appropriate to the deliverable; prototype dollars do not assure a funded transition."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "User and program office agree success and adoption → budget owner provides production/sustainment funding → covered official if needed → authorized contracting/agreements officer.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation. OLRC indexed §4022 currency 2026-09-15; prototype source and success remain transaction-specific.",
      "family": "Research, innovation and experimentation"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-06",
      "category": "Research & experimentation",
      "capability": "Buy experimental products, services, demonstrations and prototypes",
      "summary": "Purchase or modify purchases, domestically or abroad, of experimental/test demonstrations, prototypes, products, supplies, parts, auxiliary services and design for defense development.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §4023",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4023&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "P.L. 119-60, §1831",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Broadens eligible subject matter beyond the former list of supply classes and explicitly includes prototyping and modifications."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense and military-department Secretaries",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "USD(R&E) and Service science-and-technology executives",
          "DARPA or Service laboratory/program manager"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Sponsoring component RDT&E budget owner; component comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense or military-department Secretary; valid delegate must be confirmed"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "DARPA Contracts Management Office or Service contracting/grants/agreements office",
          "Performing laboratory or external research performer"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Operational customer / acquiring program",
          "Security, export-control, counsel and fiscal officials as applicable"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DARPA Contracts Management Office — award and administration roles",
          "url": "https://www.darpa.mil/about/offices/contracts-management"
        },
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-60 §1802 / 10 U.S.C. 1732 — portfolio plans, budgets, execution and reporting chain",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Secretary considers purchase necessary for experimental or test purposes in developing national-defense supplies."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Special procurement treatment applies only within quantities needed for experimentation, prototyping, evaluation, operational assessment/safety or residual operational capability.",
        "Not unlimited serial-production authority."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Appropriation matching experiment/prototype purpose; statutory flexibility does not waive appropriations law."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Technical sponsor → experimental-purchase determination → contracting office → evaluation → separate production pathway if needed.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation.",
      "family": "Research, innovation and experimentation"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-07",
      "category": "Transition & scaling",
      "capability": "Include bridge prototype or initial production units in a research contract",
      "summary": "A competitively selected general-solicitation research contract may contain line items/options for development, demonstration, initial production or initial/additional items arising from its work.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §4004",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4004&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §3012(2)",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section3012&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense, Army, Navy or Air Force",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Operational requirement owner; Service/component portfolio acquisition executive and program manager"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Sponsoring Service/component appropriations manager and comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Service/component acquisition executive and authorized contracting authority, at applicable threshold"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Warranted contracting officer and program manager"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "User command",
          "Counsel, fiscal, engineering, testing, logistics and security staff as applicable"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-60 §1802 / 10 U.S.C. 1732 — portfolio plans, budgets, execution and reporting chain",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm"
        },
        {
          "title": "DEVCOM ARL Broad Agency Announcement — program managers and award instruments",
          "url": "https://arl.devcom.army.mil/collaborate-with-us/opportunity/arl-baa/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Initial contract comes from competitive general-solicitation proposal selection.",
        "Additional units must be minimum needed pending timely competitive follow-on."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Line item/option term not more than 2 years; statutory value limit $100m in FY2017 constant dollars.",
        "Does not authorize indefinitely bypassing follow-on competition."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Appropriate research or procurement funds according to work; value ceiling is not funding."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Program manager designs bridge line item → contracting officer competes research → validates minimum bridge quantity → follow-on competition.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation.",
      "family": "Research, innovation and experimentation"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-08",
      "category": "Prizes & challenges",
      "capability": "Award cash, noncash, contract or agreement prizes for defense innovation",
      "summary": "Competitively reward research, technology, prototypes and transition-improving management practices; accept outside funds or nonmonetary prize contributions.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §4025",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4025&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "P.L. 119-60, §211",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Enacted public law, not a pending bill."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense acting through USD(R&E), USD(A&S), DIU Director and Service acquisition executives",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "USD(R&E) and Service science-and-technology executives",
          "DARPA or Service laboratory/program manager"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Sponsoring component RDT&E budget owner; component comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense or military-department Secretary; valid delegate must be confirmed"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "DARPA Contracts Management Office or Service contracting/grants/agreements office",
          "Performing laboratory or external research performer"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Operational customer / acquiring program",
          "Security, export-control, counsel and fiscal officials as applicable"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DIU Work With Us — mission customer, liaison, funding and prototype execution",
          "url": "https://www.diu.mil/work-with-us"
        },
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-60 §211 — revised officials and thresholds",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Widely advertised competitive process; achievement must meet statutory defense/transition purpose."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "USD(R&E) approval above $20m total prize fair value, $2m cash, or $20k solely nonmonetary prize.",
        "No special consideration for private donors; award above $20m as contract/agreement triggers 15-day post-award congressional notice."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Appropriations or funds/items lawfully accepted from federal, state/local and private contributors."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Challenge sponsor → eligible prize official → counsel/valuation and approvals → advertised contest → award and applicable notice.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation.",
      "family": "Research, innovation and experimentation"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-09",
      "category": "Transition & scaling",
      "capability": "Accelerate commercialization through the Rapid Innovation Program",
      "summary": "Use competitive contracts, cooperative agreements and OTs to transition innovative small-business/laboratory/prototype technologies into defense acquisition programs.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §4061",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4061&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "USD(R&E) and Service science-and-technology executives",
          "DARPA or Service laboratory/program manager"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Sponsoring component RDT&E budget owner; component comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense or military-department Secretary; valid delegate must be confirmed"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "DARPA Contracts Management Office or Service contracting/grants/agreements office",
          "Performing laboratory or external research performer"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Operational customer / acquiring program",
          "Security, export-control, counsel and fiscal officials as applicable"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-60 §1802 / 10 U.S.C. 1732 — portfolio plans, budgets, execution and reporting chain",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm"
        },
        {
          "title": "SBA participating agencies — DoD component SBIR/STTR offices",
          "url": "https://www.sbir.gov/participating-agencies"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Merit-based selection and small-business preference; proposals reviewed with military-department Offices of Small Business Programs."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Normally 2 years of program funding; added year requires approval.",
        "Statute has a $6m project provision alongside aggregate restriction on awards over $6m; read the actual program guidance/appropriation rather than assuming unlimited awards."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "RDT&E appropriations subject to availability; express transfers to Service/Defense Agency/USSOCOM RDT&E accounts for qualifying proposals."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Acquisition customer identifies insertion → component small-business/research office → selection and funded transition plan → receiving program.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation.",
      "family": "Research, innovation and experimentation"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-10",
      "category": "Innovation partnerships",
      "capability": "Fund multistakeholder innovation partnerships and allocate DIU project funding",
      "summary": "DIU can support joint research/innovation partnerships with funding, resources, participation and technical advice, and allocate its available funds to selected Service innovation projects.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §4127(d)-(f)",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4127&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Director, Defense Innovation Unit",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "DIU with Joint Staff, COCOMs and mission customers"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "DIU funds made available to it"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "DIU Director; instrument-specific awarding approver"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "DIU and selected Service innovation organization"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Universities, nonprofits, commercial firms, government partners and investors"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DIU Work With Us — mission customer, liaison, funding and prototype execution",
          "url": "https://www.diu.mil/work-with-us"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. 4127 — statutory director responsibilities",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4127&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Partnership addresses defense/security needs and has technology-transfer or commercialization objective.",
        "Use lawful underlying instrument for the particular support."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Liaison to investors or support for commercialization is not itself blanket stock-purchase or lending authority.",
        "Service project allocation does not certify recipient office’s contracting delegation."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "DIU funding available for the project; underlying instrument controls payments and accountability."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "COCOM/Service demand → DIU commercial team → partnership and performer selection → instrument/funding/legal review → Service execution and DIU monitoring.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation.",
      "family": "Research, innovation and experimentation"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-11",
      "category": "Technology transfer",
      "capability": "Exchange laboratory resources and receive partner funding through CRADAs",
      "summary": "Collaborate with nonfederal parties using laboratory staff, facilities, equipment and IP; accept and retain partner funds and negotiate invention rights.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "15 U.S.C. §3710a",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section3710a&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §4026",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4026&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Federal agency authorizing laboratory directors; military-department Secretaries and Secretary of Defense/DARPA may permit FFRDC directors",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Laboratory scientific lead and Office of Research and Technology Applications"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Laboratory director and sponsoring component budget owner"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Laboratory director and agency approver as statute/delegation requires"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Laboratory ORTA, counsel and authorized agreement official"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Industry, universities, nonprofit and government collaborators within eligibility limits"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "Army Technology Transfer Program — agreement tools and laboratory roles",
          "url": "https://www.t2.army.mil/T2-Program/T2-Agreements/"
        },
        {
          "title": "Air Force Offices of Research and Technology Applications — coordination role",
          "url": "https://www.aft3.af.mil/Office-of-Research-and-Technology-Application-ORTA/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Specified joint R&D consistent with laboratory mission; agency approval/joint-work-statement rules for contractor-operated labs.",
        "Small-business consideration, U.S.-manufacturing preference and foreign reciprocity factors."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "CRADA expressly does not permit providing federal funds to nonfederal collaborator. Use a separately justified grant, contract or OT if paying the partner.",
        "Government retained licenses, confidentiality, conflict-of-interest and exceptional license-intervention provisions apply."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Partner funds may be accepted, retained and used for collaboration; lab supplies authorized in-kind resources."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Technical lead → ORTA/counsel → laboratory director/required agency approval → signed CRADA with contribution and IP schedule.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation.",
      "family": "Intellectual property and technology transfer"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-12",
      "category": "Research institutions",
      "capability": "Sponsor research through FFRDCs within approved missions",
      "summary": "Use research contracts and long-term sponsored research institutions; work placed with FFRDCs must remain within sponsoring agreement purpose, mission and scope unless statutory exception applies.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §4001",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4001&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §4126",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4126&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense or military-department Secretary for research; head of agency for new-center restriction",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "USD(R&E) and Service science-and-technology executives",
          "DARPA or Service laboratory/program manager"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Sponsoring component RDT&E budget owner; component comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense or military-department Secretary; valid delegate must be confirmed"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "DARPA Contracts Management Office or Service contracting/grants/agreements office",
          "Performing laboratory or external research performer"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Operational customer / acquiring program",
          "Security, export-control, counsel and fiscal officials as applicable"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DARPA Contracts Management Office — award and administration roles",
          "url": "https://www.darpa.mil/about/offices/contracts-management"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. 4126 — sponsoring and congressional controls",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4126&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Research purpose and defense relevance; suitable sponsoring agreement.",
        "New FFRDC operation requires congressional report and 60-day wait under §4126(c)."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Not a means to obtain any arbitrary work from a favored center; applied scientific laboratory research has an express scope exception.",
        "University affiliation does not alone confer federal laboratory/FFRDC powers."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Appropriated research/sponsoring funds; individual sponsored work must fit their purpose."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Research sponsor → mission/scope review with FFRDC sponsor → contracting office → center; new-center proposal requires congressional steps.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation.",
      "family": "Research, innovation and experimentation"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-13",
      "category": "Laboratory partnerships",
      "capability": "Share underused laboratory capabilities and undertake public-private work",
      "summary": "STRL partnership centers can permit private use of underused capabilities, perform cooperative work, leverage private recapitalization and credit receipts to cost-bearing funds.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §4124",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4124&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense, authorized Center/STRL directors",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Laboratory scientific lead and Office of Research and Technology Applications"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Laboratory director and sponsoring component budget owner"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Laboratory director and agency approver as statute/delegation requires"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Laboratory ORTA, counsel and authorized agreement official"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Industry, universities, nonprofit and government collaborators within eligibility limits"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "Army Technology Transfer Program — agreement tools and laboratory roles",
          "url": "https://www.t2.army.mil/T2-Program/T2-Agreements/"
        },
        {
          "title": "Air Force Offices of Research and Technology Applications — coordination role",
          "url": "https://www.aft3.af.mil/Office-of-Research-and-Technology-Application-ORTA/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Use supports statutory partnership objectives and does not significantly impair laboratory mission.",
        "Private partner agrees to required direct/indirect cost reimbursement and indemnification."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "No authorization for otherwise-prohibited conversion of government work to contractors.",
        "War/emergency can suspend access; unused capability is not a blanket disposal of public assets."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Reimbursement to appropriation, working-capital or revolving fund incurring costs; alternative statutory reinvestment conditions."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Lab director/ORTA identifies spare capability → mission-impact and reimbursement determination → partner agreement → lab comptroller credits authorized receipts.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation.",
      "family": "Research, innovation and experimentation"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-14",
      "category": "Technology transfer",
      "capability": "Use partnership intermediaries to connect labs, firms and universities",
      "summary": "Contract or enter qualifying agreements with state/local-associated intermediary organizations for technology-transfer and cooperative-activity support.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "15 U.S.C. §3715",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section3715&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §4124(f)",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4124&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Agency-approved federal laboratory director; FFRDC contracting officer where specified; authorized STRL Center director",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Laboratory scientific lead and Office of Research and Technology Applications"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Laboratory director and sponsoring component budget owner"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Laboratory director and agency approver as statute/delegation requires"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Laboratory ORTA, counsel and authorized agreement official"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Industry, universities, nonprofit and government collaborators within eligibility limits"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "Army Technology Transfer Program — agreement tools and laboratory roles",
          "url": "https://www.t2.army.mil/T2-Program/T2-Agreements/"
        },
        {
          "title": "Air Force Offices of Research and Technology Applications — coordination role",
          "url": "https://www.aft3.af.mil/Office-of-Research-and-Technology-Application-ORTA/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Intermediary must meet statutory state/local government or associated nonprofit definition.",
        "Services increase likelihood of successful cooperative/joint activity; Center statute also supports inward technology transfer and critical workforce development."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Not every private accelerator/consultant qualifies.",
        "An intermediary agreement does not give it unlimited subaward or contracting powers."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Technology-transfer support funds under 15 U.S.C. §3715; relevant Center support funds and instrument controls."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "ORTA identifies collaboration need → counsel verifies intermediary status and scope → agency approval → director/agreement official engages intermediary.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation.",
      "family": "Intellectual property and technology transfer"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-15",
      "category": "Laboratory investment",
      "capability": "Reinvest laboratory and test-organization funds in innovation, transition, people and minor infrastructure",
      "summary": "Directors may use statutory 2–4% mechanisms for research, transition, workforce development and qualifying infrastructure; fixed customer surcharge up to 4% may support these purposes.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §4123",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4123&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "P.L. 119-60, §212",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Extends laboratory mechanism to Major Range and Test Facility Base test organizations."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense establishes mechanisms; directors exercise discretion in consultation with Service S&T executive",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Laboratory/test director and Service S&T executive"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Laboratory/test-organization available funds and authorized customer fees"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Director with Service S&T consultation; Secretary of Defense infrastructure notification"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Laboratory/test organization and supporting fiscal/contracting staff"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Customer activities; other laboratories; congressional committees for infrastructure notice"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "TRMC — test infrastructure coordination and investment programs",
          "url": "https://ac.cto.mil/trmc/"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. 4123 as amended by FY26 NDAA §212",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "2–4% of available funds under established mechanisms.",
        "Infrastructure must meet §2805(d)/ §2811 applicable cost rules and pre-use congressional notification."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "A flexible internal investment mechanism, not unlimited new MILCON authority or off-budget money."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Funds already available to lab/test organization; fees limited to 4% of performance costs."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Director sets portfolio → consults Service S&T executive → fiscal calculation and facilities review → required notice → execution.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation.",
      "family": "Research, innovation and experimentation"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-16",
      "category": "Small-business innovation",
      "capability": "Fund small-business research and commercialization through SBIR",
      "summary": "Set aside qualifying extramural R&D funding for phased competitive small-business innovation awards, including permitted direct-to-Phase II routes.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "15 U.S.C. §638(f), (g), (m), (cc)",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section638&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "P.L. 119-83, §2, 4, 9, 10",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ83/html/PLAW-119publ83.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Enacted public law, not a pending bill."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Participating federal agency; DoD and component SBIR program/award officials",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "DoD/component SBIR-STTR program office and technical topic owner"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Component extramural R&D budget owner"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Authorized component grants/contracting official; required research-security reviewers"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Service or Defense Agency SBIR-STTR office and award officer"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "SBA program-wide policy",
          "Eligible small business; acquisition customer; research-security and counterintelligence partners"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "SBA participating agencies — DoD component SBIR/STTR offices",
          "url": "https://www.sbir.gov/participating-agencies"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Eligible small business; competitive scientific/technical and commercialization evaluation.",
        "Research-security diligence and disclosure checks; beginning FY2027, the nondelegable agency program director must set a proposal cap, with the statutory topic-waiver process."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Neither a general small-business loan nor automatic entitlement to an award.",
        "Direct-to-Phase II requires qualifying feasibility showing and agency implementation; do not confuse stale 2025 expiry with current extension."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Required SBIR share generally at least 3.2% of eligible extramural R&D; actual appropriation, exclusions and balances still require validation.",
        "P.L. 119-83 allows remaining FY2026 required-expenditure funds to be used in FY2027."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Component requirement/topic owner → SBIR office → competitive/security evaluation → contracting/grants officer → acquisition transition sponsor.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation. P.L. 119-83 enacted 2026-04-13 § §9–10 extends SBIR to 2031-09-30; OLRC indexed 15 U.S.C. §638 currency 2026-09-29.",
      "family": "Research, innovation and experimentation"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-17",
      "category": "Small-business innovation",
      "capability": "Pair small firms and research institutions through STTR",
      "summary": "Fund cooperative R&D between an eligible small business and research institution, with phased transition toward commercialization.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "15 U.S.C. §638(e)(6)-(7), (n), (o), (yy)",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section638&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "P.L. 119-83, §2, 9, 10",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ83/html/PLAW-119publ83.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Enacted public law, not a pending bill."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Participating federal agency; DoD/component STTR officials",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "DoD/component SBIR-STTR program office and technical topic owner"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Component extramural R&D budget owner"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Authorized component grants/contracting official; required research-security reviewers"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Service or Defense Agency SBIR-STTR office and award officer"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "SBA program-wide policy",
          "Eligible small business; acquisition customer; research-security and counterintelligence partners"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "SBA participating agencies — DoD component SBIR/STTR offices",
          "url": "https://www.sbir.gov/participating-agencies"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Small business performs at least 40% and research institution at least 30% of work under statutory cooperative-R&D definition.",
        "Eligible institution and small business; IP allocation and security diligence."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Partner eligibility is distinct from SBIR; military research/educational institution participation is a specific pilot, not universal eligibility."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Generally 0.45% of eligible extramural R&D for covered agencies; agency threshold/exclusions apply.",
        "Remaining required FY2026 funds may carry into FY2027 under P.L. 119-83 §9(b)."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Component technical need → STTR office → eligible business/institution team → negotiated research/IP plan → award official.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation. P.L. 119-83 § §9–10 extends STTR and military-institution pilot through 2031-09-30; currentness otherwise qualified.",
      "family": "Research, innovation and experimentation"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-18",
      "category": "Transition & scaling",
      "capability": "Purchase SBIR/STTR-derived technology through Phase III awards",
      "summary": "Make follow-on awards, including qualifying sole-source awards, for development, testing, production or services derived from prior SBIR/STTR work using non-SBIR/STTR funding.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "15 U.S.C. §638(e)(4), (e)(6), (e)(13), (r), (y)",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section638&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "P.L. 119-83, §3(b), 6",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ83/html/PLAW-119publ83.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Enacted public law, not a pending bill."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Federal acquiring agency; DoD contracting/award officials and acquisition customers",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Operational requirement owner; Service/component portfolio acquisition executive and program manager"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Sponsoring Service/component appropriations manager and comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Service/component acquisition executive and authorized contracting authority, at applicable threshold"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Warranted contracting officer and program manager"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "User command",
          "Counsel, fiscal, engineering, testing, logistics and security staff as applicable"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "SBA participating agencies — DoD component SBIR/STTR offices",
          "url": "https://www.sbir.gov/participating-agencies"
        },
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-60 §1802 / 10 U.S.C. 1732 — portfolio plans, budgets, execution and reporting chain",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Demonstrable connection to SBIR/STTR-funded technology and award recipient.",
        "Prior program competition and Phase III statutory rules; assess ownership/data rights and commercialization readiness."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Phase III is not funded from Phase I/II set-aside; not a blanket sole-source award for unrelated offerings.",
        "Statutory preference is to greatest extent practicable, with reporting/appeal safeguards."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Acquisition customer supplies appropriate non-SBIR/STTR funds; no separate Phase III funding entitlement."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "SBIR/STTR office documents lineage → program/requirements office sponsors adoption → contracting officer confirms Phase III and funds → award.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation. P.L. 119-83 adds training and customer-access/commercialization changes; Phase III lineage must be verified per action.",
      "family": "Research, innovation and experimentation"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-19",
      "category": "Small-business scale-up",
      "capability": "Match outside capital with strategic breakthrough Phase II awards",
      "summary": "Make milestone-linked SBIR strategic breakthrough awards up to $30m per small business including affiliates across up to 48 months, with matching resources and acquisition commitment.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "15 U.S.C. §638(aa)(6), (ff)(3)",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section638&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "P.L. 119-83, §3",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ83/html/PLAW-119publ83.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Enacted public law, not a pending bill."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Eligible federal agency; DoD acquisition and SBIR officials",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "DoD/component SBIR-STTR program office and technical topic owner"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Component extramural R&D budget owner"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Authorized component grants/contracting official; required research-security reviewers"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Service or Defense Agency SBIR-STTR office and award officer"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "SBA program-wide policy",
          "Eligible small business; acquisition customer; research-security and counterintelligence partners"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "SBA participating agencies — DoD component SBIR/STTR offices",
          "url": "https://www.sbir.gov/participating-agencies"
        },
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-60 §1802 / 10 U.S.C. 1732 — portfolio plans, budgets, execution and reporting chain",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Prior Phase II SBIR/STTR award; at least 100% matching from new private capital and/or qualifying non-Phase I/II government funding.",
        "DoD: readiness, high-priority need, POM inclusion commitment by acquisition executive or higher; at least 20% of required match from new qualifying DoD funds."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "No federal equity acquisition created; this is a funding agreement.",
        "Agency must satisfy eligibility and implement procedures; award deadline 90 days does not eliminate required findings."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Up to 0.50% of extramural R&D from agency SBIR allocation if required SBIR expenditure exceeds $100m; match and statutory ceilings are not available funds."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Mission customer → acquisition executive POM commitment → SBIR office and match verification → security/legal review → milestone agreement.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "New authority read directly in P.L. 119-83 §3, enacted 2026-04-13; section/amendments cease effective 2031-09-30. Operational adoption and appropriated balances not verified.",
      "family": "Research, innovation and experimentation"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-20",
      "category": "Small-business support",
      "capability": "Pay for commercialization, IP, cybersecurity and business assistance",
      "summary": "Authorize SBIR/STTR recipients to purchase assistance or use staff/training to improve commercialization and screen foreign involvement; qualifyingI-Corps participation can be supported.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "15 U.S.C. §638(q), (bbb)",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section638&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "P.L. 119-83, §7",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ83/html/PLAW-119publ83.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Enacted public law, not a pending bill."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Participating agency; eligible SBIR/STTR award recipient selects support",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "DoD/component SBIR-STTR program office and technical topic owner"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Component extramural R&D budget owner"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Authorized component grants/contracting official; required research-security reviewers"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Service or Defense Agency SBIR-STTR office and award officer"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "SBA program-wide policy",
          "Eligible small business; acquisition customer; research-security and counterintelligence partners"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "SBA participating agencies — DoD component SBIR/STTR offices",
          "url": "https://www.sbir.gov/participating-agencies"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Current SBIR/STTR award and assistance linked to eligible project/commercialization purposes."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Phase I assistance up to $6,500/project; Phase II up to $50,000/project.",
        "Recipient selection/staff-use option does not make program a general consultancy grant for non-awardees."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "May be included in or added to award as agency determines; applicable statutory funding sources and reviews."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Awardee identifies commercial/IP/cyber need → component program and award officer authorize funds → chosen provider or staff/training execution.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "P.L. 119-83 §7 enacted 2026-04-13 read in full; modifies 15 U.S.C. §638(q) and adds(bbb).",
      "family": "Research, innovation and experimentation"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-21",
      "category": "University research & workforce",
      "capability": "Build research capacity in eligible states through DEPSCoR",
      "summary": "Competitively fund university research, instrumentation and graduate assistance, and facilitate laboratory collaboration in eligible states and territories.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §4010",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4010&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense acting through USD(R&E)",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "USD(R&E) and Service science-and-technology executives",
          "DARPA or Service laboratory/program manager"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Sponsoring component RDT&E budget owner; component comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense or military-department Secretary; valid delegate must be confirmed"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "DARPA Contracts Management Office or Service contracting/grants/agreements office",
          "Performing laboratory or external research performer"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Operational customer / acquiring program",
          "Security, export-control, counsel and fiscal officials as applicable"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DEVCOM ARL Broad Agency Announcement — program managers and award instruments",
          "url": "https://arl.devcom.army.mil/collaborate-with-us/opportunity/arl-baa/"
        },
        {
          "title": "Office of Naval Research — funding opportunities",
          "url": "https://www.onr.navy.mil/work-with-us/funding-opportunities"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "USD(R&E) designates eligible states using statutory funding and state-commitment criteria.",
        "Awards support defense-responsive science/engineering and competitive research capacity."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Geographically targeted eligibility; not a universal state economic-development grant."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Available program appropriations; no entitlement from designation alone."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "USD(R&E) program → eligible-state/institution review → Service research/grants office → university/laboratory partnership.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation.",
      "family": "Workforce and expertise"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-22",
      "category": "University research & workforce",
      "capability": "Strengthen HBCU and minority-serving defense research and education",
      "summary": "Support covered institutions through competitive grants, agreements, contracts, scholarships, fellowships, instrumentation, faculty support and partnerships.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §4144",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4144&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "P.L. 119-60, §223",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Enacted public law, not a pending bill."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense acting through USD(R&E) and military-department Secretaries",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "USD(R&E) and Service science-and-technology executives",
          "DARPA or Service laboratory/program manager"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Sponsoring component RDT&E budget owner; component comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense or military-department Secretary; valid delegate must be confirmed"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "DARPA Contracts Management Office or Service contracting/grants/agreements office",
          "Performing laboratory or external research performer"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Operational customer / acquiring program",
          "Security, export-control, counsel and fiscal officials as applicable"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DEVCOM ARL Broad Agency Announcement — program managers and award instruments",
          "url": "https://arl.devcom.army.mil/collaborate-with-us/opportunity/arl-baa/"
        },
        {
          "title": "DEVCOM ARL HBCU/MI programs",
          "url": "https://arl.devcom.army.mil/collaborate-with-us/avenue/hbcu-mi/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Covered institution as defined by §4144(f); defense-related research/education purpose.",
        "FY2026 onward specified research-capacity program must issue separate opportunities for HBCU/Tribal institutions and other MSIs."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "USD(R&E)-run program’s programming/budgeting authority cannot be transferred outside OSD.",
        "Award eligibility does not eliminate competition and applicable research-security restrictions."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Appropriated program funds; funding may be limited to institutions without significant prior DoD RDT&E support."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "USD(R&E) capacity program → Service research office → institution eligibility and merit evaluation → award/partnership.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation.",
      "family": "Workforce and expertise"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-23",
      "category": "Research workforce",
      "capability": "Contract directly for university students’ temporary technical services",
      "summary": "Obtain temporary/intermittent student technical support for defense R&D laboratories, directly or through nonprofit employers.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §4143",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4143&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Laboratory technical manager"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Laboratory research budget owner"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Authorized agency contracting official under Secretary of Defense regulations/delegation"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Laboratory and student or nonprofit employing students"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "University; laboratory HR/counsel"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. §4143 — statutory actor assignment",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4143&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Student and institution meet implementing definitions; services are technical support at defense R&D laboratory."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Specified workers-compensation and tort-claims employee status only; not general federal employee status.",
        "Not an unrestricted personal-services contract exception for all professionals."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Expressly subject to appropriations for this purpose."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Lab identifies time-limited support → student/nonprofit eligibility → contracting office → lab supervision and liability review.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation.",
      "family": "Workforce and expertise"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-24",
      "category": "Research workforce",
      "capability": "Provide STEM scholarships and fellowships tied to service",
      "summary": "Fund critical national-security STEM education, arrange internships, appoint successful participants and convert qualifying appointments into career service.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §4093",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4093&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "DoDSMART program and sponsoring facility workforce planners"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "SMART program funds and sponsoring component personnel resources"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense/designated SMART and appointment officials"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "SMART program administrator; sponsoring facility HR"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Accredited institutions; qualifying industry internship sponsors"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. §4093 — statutory actor assignment",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4093&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Critical discipline, eligible citizenship/institution, written service agreement at least matching supported study period."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Non-U.S. TTCP participation capped at 5 new recipients per year.",
        "Noncompletion/service failure can create repayment debt; Secretary has specified waiver authority."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Scholarship/fellowship funds; sponsor must identify funded employment and service placement."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Facility identifies STEM need → SMART selection and service agreement → education/internship → appointed service position.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation.",
      "family": "Workforce and expertise"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-25",
      "category": "Research workforce",
      "capability": "Direct-hire laboratory scientists, engineers, students and qualified veterans",
      "summary": "STRL directors can appoint eligible specialists outside ordinary competitive hiring procedures, convert qualifying students and manage lab workforce within budget.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §4091",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4091&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §4121",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4121&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Directors of designated STRLs; specified research/test directors for covered positions",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "STRL director and technical managers"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Laboratory personnel budget"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Director under statutory eligibility/numerical rules"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Laboratory HR and appointing official"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Service civilian-personnel offices; candidates"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. §4091 — statutory actor assignment",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4091&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Position and candidate must fit scientific/engineering, veteran STEM or student categories.",
        "Annual caps by category based on prior-year filled positions; senior technical positions have separate limits."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Budget control remains; exclusion from personnel limits does not cover SES or scientific/professional §3104 positions.",
        "Other preserved civil-service requirements remain."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Existing laboratory personnel funds; no automatic additional funded billets."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Technical manager → laboratory HR verifies degree/veteran/student eligibility and remaining allocation → director appointment.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation.",
      "family": "Workforce and expertise"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-26",
      "category": "Research workforce",
      "capability": "Recruit eminent experts with special appointment and pay flexibility",
      "summary": "Specified labs and agencies can appoint eminent scientific/engineering experts and, at OSC, finance/investment experts using tailored appointment, compensation and term rules.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §4092",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4092&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Named officials: Secretary of Defense for designated labs; DARPA, DOT&E, SCO, DIU, NGA, SDA, USCYBERCOM, USD(R&E), OSC leaders",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Named organization’s director and technical leadership"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Organization personnel budget"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Named statutory program official"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Organization HR and appointment authority"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Specialist candidates; Service/component personnel and ethics offices"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. §4092 — statutory actor assignment",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4092&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Only listed organizations/fields, position counts and compensation rules.",
        "Normal term 4 years; specified extension up to 2 years when statutory conditions met."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Not a general DoD exception for hiring any consultant.",
        "SDA provision sunsets 2030-12-31; joint-AI paragraph(a)(6) shows expired 2024-12-31 in audited baseline and is not represented as current."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Organization budget must cover compensation; elevated statutory pay ceiling is not salary authorization for every position."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Eligible director identifies expert role → HR validates statutory slots/term/pay → fiscal and ethics checks → appointment.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation. FY26 amendment search found no extension of the expired joint-AI subauthority; verify before any reliance.",
      "family": "Workforce and expertise"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-27",
      "category": "Research workforce",
      "capability": "Offer enhanced pay for critical laboratory technology positions",
      "summary": "Set elevated basic pay for narrowly defined high-end STRL research/technology and acquisition experts to recruit or retain exceptional personnel.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §4094",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4094&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense program; Service acquisition executive or military-department Secretary approves applicable pay",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Laboratory director"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Military-department/laboratory personnel budget"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Service acquisition executive; Service Secretary for pay above 150% of Executive Schedule Level I"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Laboratory HR/appointing officials"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "USD(R&E) for approved transfer of allocations among Services"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. §4094 — statutory actor assignment",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4094&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Extremely high expertise and critical research/technology mission; use only to recruit/retain exceptionally qualified person."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Normally not more than 5 positions per military department, with statutory allocation-transfer option.",
        "Position term less than 5 years."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Available personnel appropriations; service approval of program and compensation."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Lab critical-role case → Service acquisition executive approval → Secretary if pay threshold exceeded → funded appointment.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation.",
      "family": "Workforce and expertise"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-28",
      "category": "Intellectual property & technology transfer",
      "capability": "License federally owned inventions to commercialize technology",
      "summary": "Obtain/protect federal patents and grant nonexclusive, exclusive or partially exclusive licenses, royalty-free or for consideration, while retaining government-use rights.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "35 U.S.C. §207",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title35-section207&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "35 U.S.C. §209",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title35-section209&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Federal agency holding invention rights; authorized agency/laboratory licensing officials",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Laboratory scientific lead and Office of Research and Technology Applications"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Laboratory director and sponsoring component budget owner"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Laboratory director and agency approver as statute/delegation requires"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Laboratory ORTA, counsel and authorized agreement official"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Industry, universities, nonprofit and government collaborators within eligibility limits"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "Army Technology Transfer Program — agreement tools and laboratory roles",
          "url": "https://www.t2.army.mil/T2-Program/T2-Agreements/"
        },
        {
          "title": "Air Force Offices of Research and Technology Applications — coordination role",
          "url": "https://www.aft3.af.mil/Office-of-Research-and-Technology-Application-ORTA/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Exclusive scope must be reasonably necessary for commercialization, support public interest and avoid anticompetitive effects.",
        "Development/marketing plan; ordinarily substantial U.S. manufacturing; small-business preference if equally capable."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Government retains paid-up license and termination protections.",
        "Exclusive/partially exclusive license ordinarily requires 15-day public notice; CRADA invention exception applies."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "License royalties/consideration per agreement; retention/distribution requires separate applicable authority such as 15 U.S.C. §3710c."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "ORTA identifies invention → IP counsel confirms government rights → commercialization and competition review → authorized licensing official.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation.",
      "family": "Intellectual property and technology transfer"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-29",
      "category": "Intellectual property & technology transfer",
      "capability": "Buy patents, copyrights, software, technical data and infringement releases",
      "summary": "Acquire ownership/licensing rights, technical/design/process data and software useful to military-department supplies or processes, including releases for past infringement.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §3793",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section3793&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Military-department authorities spending eligible supply-procurement funds",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Operational requirement owner; Service/component portfolio acquisition executive and program manager"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Sponsoring Service/component appropriations manager and comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Service/component acquisition executive and authorized contracting authority, at applicable threshold"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Warranted contracting officer and program manager"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "User command",
          "Counsel, fiscal, engineering, testing, logistics and security staff as applicable"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-60 §1802 / 10 U.S.C. 1732 — portfolio plans, budgets, execution and reporting chain",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm"
        },
        {
          "title": "Army Technology Transfer Program — agreement tools and laboratory roles",
          "url": "https://www.t2.army.mil/T2-Program/T2-Agreements/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Acquisition relates to supplies/processes produced, used or useful to the military department.",
        "Negotiate precise data, patent, copyright and software rights needed."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Buying an item does not automatically buy its IP, source code or manufacturing data.",
        "Release of past claims is distinct from unrestricted future commercial exploitation."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Appropriations available for making or procuring supplies may be used."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Program defines rights/deliverables → Service IP counsel and contracting officer → valuation/licensing negotiation → funded agreement.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation. OLRC indexed §3793 text dated 2026-09-27.",
      "family": "Intellectual property and technology transfer"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-30",
      "category": "Intellectual property & technology transfer",
      "capability": "Retain government-use rights and conditionally intervene in federally funded inventions",
      "summary": "Under covered small-business/nonprofit funding agreements, allow contractor title while retaining a paid-up government license; invoke statutory march-in only on specified findings.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "35 U.S.C. §202",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title35-section202&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "35 U.S.C. §203",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title35-section203&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "35 U.S.C. §204",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title35-section204&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Funding federal agency, with specified agency-head decisions",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "USD(R&E) and Service science-and-technology executives",
          "DARPA or Service laboratory/program manager"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Sponsoring component RDT&E budget owner; component comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense or military-department Secretary; valid delegate must be confirmed"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "DARPA Contracts Management Office or Service contracting/grants/agreements office",
          "Performing laboratory or external research performer"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Operational customer / acquiring program",
          "Security, export-control, counsel and fiscal officials as applicable"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DARPA Contracts Management Office — award and administration roles",
          "url": "https://www.darpa.mil/about/offices/contracts-management"
        },
        {
          "title": "Army Technology Transfer Program — agreement tools and laboratory roles",
          "url": "https://www.t2.army.mil/T2-Program/T2-Agreements/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Subject invention and applicable funding agreement; disclosure/title-election/patent conditions.",
        "March-in requires failure of practical application, unmet health/safety or regulatory public-use need, or U.S. manufacturing-agreement violation."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Not general power to seize all privately developed patents, cap market prices, or obtain proprietary manufacturing know-how.",
        "March-in includes administrative process and judicial review; some determinations stayed through appeal."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Government license follows covered research funding; exercising it still requires money for procurement/use."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Award officer documents subject invention → IP counsel verifies license or march-in predicate → agency process/decision → licensed performer.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation.",
      "family": "Intellectual property and technology transfer"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-31",
      "category": "Intellectual property & technology transfer",
      "capability": "Use patented inventions for the government with compensation liability",
      "summary": "28 U.S.C. 1498 supplies a compensation remedy against the United States for patented inventions used/manufactured by or for it without license; contractor protection requires government authorization or consent.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "28 U.S.C. §1498(a)-(c)",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title28-section1498&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "United States acting through authorized program/contracting officials; Court of Federal Claims adjudicates compensation",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Operational requirement owner; Service/component portfolio acquisition executive and program manager"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Sponsoring Service/component appropriations manager and comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Service/component acquisition executive and authorized contracting authority, at applicable threshold"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Warranted contracting officer and program manager"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "User command",
          "Counsel, fiscal, engineering, testing, logistics and security staff as applicable"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-60 §1802 / 10 U.S.C. 1732 — portfolio plans, budgets, execution and reporting chain",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm"
        },
        {
          "title": "28 U.S.C. 1498 — authorization/consent and compensation remedy",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title28-section1498&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Government use/manufacture or authorized/consented contractor use.",
        "Analyze patent, location and remedy prerequisites with IP counsel."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Not confiscation of patent ownership or general permission for private-market sales.",
        "Does not compel access to trade secrets/technical data; claims arising in foreign countries excluded.",
        "Compensation is required; copyright has separate §1498(b) conditions."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Plan for compensation exposure; funding and any settlement/judgment payment route require fiscal review."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Program identifies government need → IP counsel compares license purchase and §1498 exposure → authorized contracting action → DOJ/Court of Federal Claims if disputed.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation. OLRC indexed text dated 2026-09-17; no judicial expansion assumed.",
      "family": "Intellectual property and technology transfer"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-32",
      "category": "Technical data & sustainment",
      "capability": "Obtain and enforce technical-data rights for competition, repair and integration",
      "summary": "Acquire negotiated data rights, enforce federally funded rights, challenge unsupported restrictions, and use specified private-data exceptions for emergency repair or integration.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §3771",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section3771&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §3772",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section3772&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §3774",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section3774&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §3782",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section3782&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "P.L. 119-60, §805",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Enacted public law, not a pending bill."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense; program manager and authorized contracting officer for contractual rights/challenges",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Operational requirement owner; Service/component portfolio acquisition executive and program manager"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Sponsoring Service/component appropriations manager and comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Service/component acquisition executive and authorized contracting authority, at applicable threshold"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Warranted contracting officer and program manager"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "User command",
          "Counsel, fiscal, engineering, testing, logistics and security staff as applicable"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-60 §1802 / 10 U.S.C. 1732 — portfolio plans, budgets, execution and reporting chain",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Assess development funding, data category, contract deliverables and actual rights.",
        "FY26 §805 requires distinguishing missing contract-required data from additional desired data and negotiating options/licenses/escrow for the latter."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Private-expense data generally protected; statutory exceptions and negotiated rights are not ownership of all contractor IP.",
        "Data-rights license and actual delivery/access are separate requirements; follow restriction-challenge procedures."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Purchase/license additional rights where necessary; funding does not automatically erase private rights."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Sustainment/engineering identifies data gap → contracting/IP counsel audits existing rights and deliverables → enforce owed data or negotiate additional rights → authorized maintainers.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation.",
      "family": "Intellectual property and technology transfer"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-33",
      "category": "Test infrastructure",
      "capability": "Finance, furnish, lend, lease or sell specialized contractor research/test facilities",
      "summary": "An R&D contract may acquire or construct necessary specialized research/development/test facilities and equipment at U.S. expense and make them available to the contractor.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §4174",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4174&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of the military department concerned",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "R&D program and test engineers"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Military-department research program funds"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Military-department Secretary determination/authorized delegate"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Contracting office and contractor"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Facilities/property officials and IP/fiscal counsel"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "TRMC — test infrastructure coordination and investment programs",
          "url": "https://ac.cto.mil/trmc/"
        },
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-60 §1802 / 10 U.S.C. 1732 — portfolio plans, budgets, execution and reporting chain",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Facilities/equipment necessary for contract; allowable-cost rules.",
        "Nonremovable installations on nonfederal land need reimbursement, land-acquisition option or other adequate U.S. protection."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Explicitly does not authorize new construction or improvements with general utility.",
        "Sale/reimbursement receipts normally go to Treasury unless another law applies."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "R&D contract funds; loans/leases may be with or without reimbursement; sales at fair value."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Program establishes necessity → facilities/fiscal review → Secretary/delegate determination → contract sets property/disposition protections.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation.",
      "family": "Research, innovation and experimentation"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-34",
      "category": "Test infrastructure",
      "capability": "Sell commercial access to designated DoD test ranges and facilities",
      "summary": "Contract with commercial entities for commercial test/evaluation activity at a designated Major Range and Test Facility Installation, recovering costs.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §4175",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4175&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense; installation commander may receive specified indirect-cost delegation",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Commercial user and range commander"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Range/test installation operating accounts"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense/authorized contracting official; commander for delegated indirect-cost judgment"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Range contracting office and test workforce"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Commercial customer; safety/security/range scheduling officials"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "TRMC — test infrastructure coordination and investment programs",
          "url": "https://ac.cto.mil/trmc/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Designated installation and compatible commercial test activity.",
        "Recover all direct costs; indirect costs as Secretary determines appropriate."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Contract must allow immediate termination/prohibition/suspension for public health/safety, property, national-security or foreign-policy detriment."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Collected reimbursements credited to accounts that incurred cost."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Customer → range planning/safety/security → cost and availability determination → contract → test and reimbursement.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation.",
      "family": "Research, innovation and experimentation"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-35",
      "category": "Procurement",
      "capability": "Acquire military supplies and services through competitive contracts",
      "summary": "Service Secretaries perform statutory equipping, supply and related departmental functions through lawful acquisitions; competitive procedures are the baseline for covered procurements.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §7013(b)",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section7013&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §8013(b)",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section8013&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §9013(b)",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section9013&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §3201",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section3201&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §3453",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section3453&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "P.L. 119-60, §811,1822",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Enacted public law, not a pending bill."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Military-department Secretaries and other agencies within their express missions and valid delegations",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Operational requirement owner; Service/component portfolio acquisition executive and program manager"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Sponsoring Service/component appropriations manager and comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Service/component acquisition executive and authorized contracting authority, at applicable threshold"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Warranted contracting officer and program manager"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "User command",
          "Counsel, fiscal, engineering, testing, logistics and security staff as applicable"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-60 §1802 / 10 U.S.C. 1732 — portfolio plans, budgets, execution and reporting chain",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm"
        },
        {
          "title": "DARPA Contracts Management Office — award and administration roles",
          "url": "https://www.darpa.mil/about/offices/contracts-management"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Defined defense mission/requirement and available appropriation.",
        "Commercial-product/service market research and statutory preferences; authorized contracting official."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "General procurement is not blanket authority for loans, equity, unrestricted grants or another agency’s law-enforcement powers.",
        "Domestic-source, security, competition, labor and other applicable statutes remain; FY26 repealed former §3455 instead of treating it as current."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Properly available procurement, services, O&M or other mission appropriation; authorization is not appropriation."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement owner → PAE/program → funding and acquisition strategy → contracting competition → delivery, acceptance and contract administration.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation.",
      "family": "Acquisition, transition and contract finance"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-36",
      "category": "Procurement",
      "capability": "Limit competition or use sole-source procedures for defined statutory reasons",
      "summary": "Use documented exceptions for unique sources, compelling urgency, industrial mobilization/essential research capacity, international commitments, express statutes, national-security secrecy or public interest.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §3204",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section3204&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "P.L. 119-60, §1804(b)",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Enacted public law, not a pending bill."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Head of agency; contracting officer and specified approval officials",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Operational requirement owner; Service/component portfolio acquisition executive and program manager"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Sponsoring Service/component appropriations manager and comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Service/component acquisition executive and authorized contracting authority, at applicable threshold"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Warranted contracting officer and program manager"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "User command",
          "Counsel, fiscal, engineering, testing, logistics and security staff as applicable"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-60 §1802 / 10 U.S.C. 1732 — portfolio plans, budgets, execution and reporting chain",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Actual statutory exception and written justification/approval unless an express exception to those requirements applies.",
        "Solicit as many practicable sources for urgency and national-security secrecy cases."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Lack of planning or expiring procurement funds does not justify noncompetition.",
        "Urgency contract generally only necessary duration and no more than 1 year absent exceptional-circumstances determination.",
        "FY26 statutory approval tiers changed: above $10m to $100m competition advocate; above $100m to $500m procuring-activity head; above $500m senior procurement executive."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Existing appropriate procurement/service funds; separate funding authority not created."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement owner documents actual predicate → contracting officer prepares justification → proper approval tier → required notice/publication and award.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation.",
      "family": "Acquisition, transition and contract finance"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-37",
      "category": "Procurement",
      "capability": "Create task/delivery-order contracts and place repeat orders",
      "summary": "Establish single- or multiple-award contracts for recurring property/services and place orders without a new full standalone procurement each time.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §3403",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section3403&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §3405",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section3405&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §3406",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section3406&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Head of agency and authorized contracting officers",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Operational requirement owner; Service/component portfolio acquisition executive and program manager"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Sponsoring Service/component appropriations manager and comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Service/component acquisition executive and authorized contracting authority, at applicable threshold"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Warranted contracting officer and program manager"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "User command",
          "Counsel, fiscal, engineering, testing, logistics and security staff as applicable"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-60 §1802 / 10 U.S.C. 1732 — portfolio plans, budgets, execution and reporting chain",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Solicitation describes period, maximum quantity/value and work scope.",
        "Fair opportunity among multiple-award holders unless statutory order exception applies."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Orders cannot themselves increase parent contract scope, term or ceiling.",
        "Generally initial period up to 5 years and total up to 10 years; longer requires exceptional-circumstances finding; advisory/assistance services have distinct §3405 rules."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Fund minimum commitments and individual orders lawfully; IDIQ ceiling is neither appropriation nor guaranteed spending."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Program aggregates requirement → contracting office competes vehicle → budget owner funds orders → contracting officer applies fair opportunity.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation.",
      "family": "Acquisition, transition and contract finance"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-38",
      "category": "Procurement & demand commitments",
      "capability": "Commit to multiyear equipment purchases and economic-order quantities",
      "summary": "Contract across program years to stabilize demand and permit economic production and advance component buys, subject to findings and legislative controls.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §3501",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section3501&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "P.L. 119-60, §804",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Enacted public law, not a pending bill."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Head of agency; Secretary of Defense and Congress for specified authorizations/certifications",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Operational requirement owner; Service/component portfolio acquisition executive and program manager"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Sponsoring Service/component appropriations manager and comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Service/component acquisition executive and authorized contracting authority, at applicable threshold"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Warranted contracting officer and program manager"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "User command",
          "Counsel, fiscal, engineering, testing, logistics and security staff as applicable"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-60 §1802 / 10 U.S.C. 1732 — portfolio plans, budgets, execution and reporting chain",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Find savings or otherwise-unachievable industrial-base stability; stable need/design, realistic costs and funding expectations, and national-security benefit.",
        "Large contracts and specified programs require statutory authorization, certification and notice."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "FY26 removed the word significant from the savings test; it did not abolish remaining findings.",
        "Ordinary statutory term and cancellation rules remain, with product-specific exceptions such as FY26 §804.",
        "No guarantee Congress will appropriate future-year money."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Available first-year funds; out-year continuation subject to appropriations; cancellation exposure must be assessed and funded through lawful sources."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "PAE/program and industrial planner → cost/design/fiscal findings → Service/OSD approval and Congress where required → multiyear contract.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation.",
      "family": "Acquisition, transition and contract finance"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-39",
      "category": "Procurement & demand commitments",
      "capability": "Buy qualifying services on a multiyear basis",
      "summary": "Use up to 5 program-year contracts for installation support, complex-equipment maintenance, specialized training, base services and environmental remediation when statutory conditions are met.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §3531",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section3531&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Head of agency",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Operational requirement owner; Service/component portfolio acquisition executive and program manager"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Sponsoring Service/component appropriations manager and comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Service/component acquisition executive and authorized contracting authority, at applicable threshold"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Warranted contracting officer and program manager"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "User command",
          "Counsel, fiscal, engineering, testing, logistics and security staff as applicable"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-60 §1802 / 10 U.S.C. 1732 — portfolio plans, budgets, execution and reporting chain",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Continuing requirement; substantial initial plant/equipment investment or specialized-workforce contingent liability; competition/economy justification."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Not a blanket multiyear power for every service.",
        "Over $500m requires specific legal authority; unfunded liabilities/cancellation ceilings and termination have notice rules."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Annual appropriations may support statutory multiyear contracts; cancellation/termination if out-year funds unavailable."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Service sponsor → cost and workforce investment case → contracting/fiscal review → threshold approvals/notices → multiyear award.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation.",
      "family": "Acquisition, transition and contract finance"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-40",
      "category": "Commercial acquisition",
      "capability": "Acquire commercial solutions through general solicitations and follow-on awards",
      "summary": "Competitively select commercial products, services or nondevelopmental items via general solicitation with peer, technical or operational review and use authorized follow-on production routes.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §3458",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section3458&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "P.L. 119-60, §1823",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Enacted public law, not a pending bill."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense and military-department Secretaries",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Operational requirement owner; Service/component portfolio acquisition executive and program manager"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Sponsoring Service/component appropriations manager and comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Service/component acquisition executive and authorized contracting authority, at applicable threshold"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Warranted contracting officer and program manager"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "User command",
          "Counsel, fiscal, engineering, testing, logistics and security staff as applicable"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-60 §1802 / 10 U.S.C. 1732 — portfolio plans, budgets, execution and reporting chain",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm"
        },
        {
          "title": "DIU Work With Us — mission customer, liaison, funding and prototype execution",
          "url": "https://www.diu.mil/work-with-us"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "General solicitation and appropriate review; fixed-price including fixed-price incentive awards.",
        "Follow-on sole-source contract requires §3204(e) approvals; alternative §4022-defined production contract/transaction route must be legally analyzed."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "§3458 CSO authority is distinct from DIU’s CSO solicitation technique used with §4022 OTs; do not merge requirements.",
        "Awards above $100m require congressional notification within 45 days."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Properly available acquisition funds; commercial treatment does not independently relax fiscal law."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Mission customer and program → commercial market/problem solicitation → review and contract award → document follow-on basis/approvals.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation. Complete OLRC indexed §3458 text dated 2026-09-18 cross-checked against P.L. 119-60 §1823.",
      "family": "Acquisition, transition and contract finance"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-41",
      "category": "Contract financing",
      "capability": "Provide advance, progress, partial and performance-based contract payments",
      "summary": "Finance performance of authorized property/services contracts and accelerate eligible small-business payments; tailored commercial-payment rules are available.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §3801",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section3801&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §3802",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section3802&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §3803",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section3803&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §3804",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section3804&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §3805",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section3805&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "P.L. 119-60, §1827",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Enacted public law, not a pending bill."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Head of agency; authorized contracting/finance officials",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Operational requirement owner; Service/component portfolio acquisition executive and program manager"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Sponsoring Service/component appropriations manager and comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Service/component acquisition executive and authorized contracting authority, at applicable threshold"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Warranted contracting officer and program manager"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "User command",
          "Counsel, fiscal, engineering, testing, logistics and security staff as applicable"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-60 §1802 / 10 U.S.C. 1732 — portfolio plans, budgets, execution and reporting chain",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Payment basis, adequate security where required and public-interest determination for general advances.",
        "Progress/performance evidence; aggregate payments cannot exceed unpaid contract price."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Contract financing is not an unrestricted corporate loan or investment.",
        "FY26 specifies qualifying commercial subscription/consumption payments are not advances for §3803 purposes; do not infer waiver of all fiscal limits."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Appropriate contract funds; rules differ for ordinary advance payments, commercial payments and performance-based arrangements."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Contracting/program office assesses financing need → finance/security and price review → authorized terms → disbursing office pays milestone/progress amounts.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation.",
      "family": "Acquisition, transition and contract finance"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-42",
      "category": "Rapid acquisition",
      "capability": "Rapidly acquire urgent capabilities and make limited emergency funding/waiver decisions",
      "summary": "Respond to documented combat, contingency or cyber deficiencies through accelerated acquisition/deployment; specified determinations unlock bounded use of available funds and selected legal waivers.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §3601",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section3601&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense or Deputy Secretary of Defense for reserved determinations; designated senior official for permitted waivers",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "COCOM/Joint Staff operational sponsor and acquisition community"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Secretary of Defense-designated available DoD accounts; component comptrollers"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense or Deputy Secretary of Defense; designated senior official for statutory waivers"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Service/component program and contracting office"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "DOT&E, OMB, congressional defense committees"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-60 §1802 / 10 U.S.C. 1732 — portfolio plans, budgets, execution and reporting chain",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm"
        },
        {
          "title": "TRMC — test infrastructure coordination and investment programs",
          "url": "https://ac.cto.mil/trmc/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Documented qualifying deficiency or compelling national-security rapid-pathway need and written determination.",
        "Acquisition, funding, evaluation, disposition and transition strategy; prescribed congressional notice."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Cannot waive criminal/civil-penalty statutes, appropriations-expenditure laws or §3601 itself.",
        "Baseline annual statutory pools:$200m each for combat, contingency and cyber categories; $50m for immediate rapid-pathway starts; sustainment use limited 2 years."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Only permitted available funds and O&M accounts; findings/notices and fiscal review essential."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "COCOM deficiency → Service acquisition/fiscal team → Secretary of Defense/Deputy determination → senior official waivers → rapid contract/evaluation/deployment.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation.",
      "family": "Acquisition, transition and contract finance"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-43",
      "category": "Rapid acquisition",
      "capability": "Use middle-tier rapid prototyping and fielding pathways",
      "summary": "Run streamlined 2–5 year rapid-prototyping or rapid-fielding programs with coordinated requirements, resources and acquisition decisions.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §3602",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section3602&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "USD(A&S) establishes pathways; Service acquisition executives/authorized decision authorities execute",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Operational requirement owner; Service/component portfolio acquisition executive and program manager"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Sponsoring Service/component appropriations manager and comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Service/component acquisition executive and authorized contracting authority, at applicable threshold"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Warranted contracting officer and program manager"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "User command",
          "Counsel, fiscal, engineering, testing, logistics and security staff as applicable"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-60 §1802 / 10 U.S.C. 1732 — portfolio plans, budgets, execution and reporting chain",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Prototype aims at operational demonstration/residual capability within 5 years; fielding aims at production in 6 months and fielding in 5 years.",
        "Merit consideration, acquisition/funding strategy, test and transition plan."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "A pathway is not its own contract instrument, appropriation or general statutory waiver.",
        "Regulatory waivers differ from statutory changes; statute directs seeking Congress for statutory waiver."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Funded program plan and valid instrument; streamlined process does not create money."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Operational sponsor → Service acquisition executive/PAE → rapid-pathway decision and funded strategy → program/contracting team → test and transition.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation.",
      "family": "Acquisition, transition and contract finance"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-44",
      "category": "Software acquisition",
      "capability": "Continuously acquire, develop and update software and covered hardware",
      "summary": "Use statutory applications and embedded-systems software pathways for iterative delivery, commercial cloud use and qualifying software-embedded hardware.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §3603",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section3603&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense; Service/component acquisition decision officials",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Operational requirement owner; Service/component portfolio acquisition executive and program manager"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Sponsoring Service/component appropriations manager and comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Service/component acquisition executive and authorized contracting authority, at applicable threshold"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Warranted contracting officer and program manager"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "User command",
          "Counsel, fiscal, engineering, testing, logistics and security staff as applicable"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-60 §1802 / 10 U.S.C. 1732 — portfolio plans, budgets, execution and reporting chain",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Proven technologies/solutions, ongoing user engagement and cybersecurity metrics; statutory rapid-delivery objectives.",
        "Covered hardware must meet commercial/nondevelopmental and embedded-software definition."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Exemptions from selected planning frameworks are not exemptions from all procurement, cybersecurity or fiscal requirements.",
        "Normally not treated as MDAP absent specific USD(A&S)/Service acquisition executive designation."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Appropriate software/hardware lifecycle funds; correct contracting instrument and sustained operations budget still needed."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "User/program team → software acquisition decision → contracting/software engineering/test/security → frequent evaluated delivery.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation.",
      "family": "Acquisition, transition and contract finance"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-45",
      "category": "Transition & scaling",
      "capability": "Fund high-value accelerated procurement and fielding of innovative technologies",
      "summary": "Use competitive merit-based procurement/fielding awards under §3604(APFIT), prioritizing small and nontraditional suppliers and technologies that address defense needs.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §3604",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section3604&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "P.L. 119-60, §813",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Enacted public law, not a pending bill."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense; Secretaries of military departments participate in proposal review",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Operational requirement owner; Service/component portfolio acquisition executive and program manager"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Sponsoring Service/component appropriations manager and comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Service/component acquisition executive and authorized contracting authority, at applicable threshold"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Warranted contracting officer and program manager"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "User command",
          "Counsel, fiscal, engineering, testing, logistics and security staff as applicable"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-60 §1802 / 10 U.S.C. 1732 — portfolio plans, budgets, execution and reporting chain",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Cost-effective merit selection; required data-collection plan submitted to Congress before funding.",
        "Use authorized underlying contracts, cooperative agreements, OTs or other appropriate process."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "FY26 minimum $10m and ordinary maximum $50m per selected proposal; greater amount needs Secretary of Defense/designee approval.",
        "Solicitation/participant restrictions and 30-day award notice apply."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Expressly subject to appropriations; authorizing a program does not show a live solicitation or funds for a project."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Program/customer transition proposal → Service/OSD merit review → funded selection and instrument → contracting/fielding → required reporting.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation.",
      "family": "Acquisition, transition and contract finance"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-46",
      "category": "Commercial acquisition",
      "capability": "Purchase metered consumption-based capabilities with flexible lifecycle funding",
      "summary": "Buy a combined software/hardware/data/labor capability as a service billed by actual usage at fixed-price units; use authorized incremental funding and advance payments.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §3605",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section3605&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "P.L. 119-60, §1825",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Enacted public law, not a pending bill."
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §3805(d)-(e)",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section3805&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "P.L. 119-60, §1827",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Enacted public law, not a pending bill."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense and military-department Secretaries",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Operational requirement owner; Service/component portfolio acquisition executive and program manager"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Sponsoring Service/component appropriations manager and comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Service/component acquisition executive and authorized contracting authority, at applicable threshold"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Warranted contracting officer and program manager"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "User command",
          "Counsel, fiscal, engineering, testing, logistics and security staff as applicable"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-60 §1802 / 10 U.S.C. 1732 — portfolio plans, budgets, execution and reporting chain",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Metered actual usage and predetermined fixed unit prices; 75%/90% funding-consumption notifications.",
        "Implementing acquisition provisions and appropriate service model."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Feature/capability additions up to 25% of original contract value receive specified competitive treatment; not unlimited out-of-scope growth.",
        "Do not read lifecycle-purpose provision as permission to move any existing appropriation without fiscal analysis."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Amounts authorized for this acquisition authority may cover RDT&E, procurement, production, modification and O&M; incremental contracts/agreements and advances expressly permitted."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Capability owner → contracting/fiscal team designs unit pricing and funding controls → authorized award → metered monitoring and budget replenishment.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "New 10 U.S.C. §3605 read directly in P.L. 119-60 §1825; OLRC indexed text dated 2026-08-02. Implementation and FY2027 balances unverified.",
      "family": "Acquisition, transition and contract finance"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-47",
      "category": "COCOM acquisition",
      "capability": "Request enhanced rapid contracting for COCOM operational needs",
      "summary": "A combatant commander can make written determinations to senior contracting officials for defined contingency, CBRN/cyber response, humanitarian/peacekeeping and below-armed-conflict directed operations.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "P.L. 118-31, §843",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-118publ31/html/PLAW-118publ31.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Uncodified 10 U.S.C. §3601 note; full enacted text reproduced in audited GovInfo 2024chapter 253."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Combatant commander requests; senior contracting official exercises contracting tools",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Combatant commander and operational staff"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Command/supporting component certifying funds"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Combatant commander determination; senior contracting official award authority"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Supporting joint/Service contracting activity"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Joint Staff and USD(A&S) for statutory reporting"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "P.L. 118-31 §843 — distinct commander and contracting-official roles",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-118publ31/html/PLAW-118publ31.htm"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Written rationale, requested tools and attestation of available funds.",
        "Applicable operation and time-sensitive/unplanned situation."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Not a power for commander to sign any contract personally; contracting-official role remains.",
        "Enhanced thresholds/commercial treatment are as specified in §843, not general exemption from all requirements."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Existing attested available funds; no separate appropriation created."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "COCOM need → written commander determination and fund certification → senior contracting official → rapid award → Joint Staff/USD(A&S) reporting.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation. Express sunset 2028-09-30.",
      "family": "Acquisition, transition and contract finance"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-48",
      "category": "COCOM experimentation",
      "capability": "Conduct COCOM experiments and make findings supporting transition",
      "summary": "Each combatant commander can conduct experimentation, prototyping and technology demonstrations addressing command operational needs and support acquisition with written operational-need findings.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "P.L. 119-60, §873",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Enacted public law, not a pending bill."
        },
        {
          "citation": "P.L. 118-31, §843",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-118publ31/html/PLAW-118publ31.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Enacted public law, not a pending bill."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Each combatant commander; senior contracting official retains applicable award role",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Combatant commander and innovation/experimentation staff"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Command or supporting component available project funds"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Commander; senior contracting official and applicable acquisition approver"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Command experiment team with supporting contracting/research organizations"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Service acquisition customer; Joint Staff; USD(A&S)"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-60 §873 — new COCOM experimentation authority",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Technology/capability solution addresses command-identified operational need.",
        "§843 special contracting procedures must be followed when used."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Completion determination may fulfill listed justification/capability-need requirements; not waiver of all §3204 approvals or fiscal conditions.",
        "Sunset 2028-09-30."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Authority does not create a command-wide discretionary appropriation; identify lawful available funding and transition customer."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "COCOM need and resource sponsor → experiment/prototype instrument → commander operational determination → senior contracting official and Service/customer funded transition.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "P.L. 119-60 §873 read directly; authority expires 2028-09-30.",
      "family": "Research, innovation and experimentation"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-49",
      "category": "Rapid acquisition & resource alignment",
      "capability": "Start urgent development before the next budget cycle",
      "summary": "With Secretary of Defense approval, a Service Secretary may initiate urgent/emerging development to exploit new technology or respond to threats using bounded rapid acquisition/funding authorities.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "P.L. 118-31, §229",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-118publ31/html/PLAW-118publ31.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Uncodified 10 U.S.C. §3601 note; enacted text reproduced in GovInfo 2024chapter 253."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Military-department Secretary with Secretary of Defense approval",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Service Secretary and operational/technical sponsor"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Current-year Service procurement or RDT&E funds"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense approves Service Secretary determination"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Service program and contracting offices"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Comptroller, OMB/congressional notifications, receiving acquisition pathway"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-60 §1802 / 10 U.S.C. 1732 — portfolio plans, budgets, execution and reporting chain",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Compelling urgent/emergency need; explain why waiting for next President budget harms defense.",
        "Identify current-year funding and acquisition pathway/programmed transition funding within 2 years."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "DoD-wide annual $100m limit under this mechanism; initial 1 year with single 1 year extension/notice.",
        "Chapter 221 competition may not be waived; other §3601 fiscal/penalty restrictions remain."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Current-year procurement or RDT&E funds permitted under specific authority; not unlimited reprogramming."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Service identifies threat/technology → funding/transition case → Service Secretary request and Secretary of Defense approval → notice → development and planned program transition.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation.",
      "family": "Acquisition, transition and contract finance"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-50",
      "category": "Test & evaluation",
      "capability": "Use an alternative iterative, data-driven test pathway",
      "summary": "For covered programs, integrate developmental/operational testing around unified objectives and ongoing data while preserving independent DOT&E evaluation.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "P.L. 119-60, §218",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Enacted public law, not a pending bill."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense establishes/designates pathway; Service Secretaries through Service test activities; DOT&E independent evaluator",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Program manager, Service test activities and operational users"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Program/test infrastructure budget owners"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense for designation after guidance; statutory software/hardware coverage applies"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Service developmental/operational test activities"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "DOT&E, industry data producers and authorized DoD data users"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "TRMC — test infrastructure coordination and investment programs",
          "url": "https://ac.cto.mil/trmc/"
        },
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-60 §218 — authority andactor allocation",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Unified T&E and test-data strategies; government ownership/access to specified raw test data and analytics.",
        "Designation after required guidance or qualifying post-enactment software/covered-hardware program."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Specified master-plan/milestone-event exemptions do not mean no evaluation.",
        "DOT&E retains independent sufficiency/effectiveness assessment and raw-data access."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Program resources for data collection, storage, analytics and testing; implementation/coverage must be confirmed."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Acquisition program → eligibility/designation → unified Service test/data strategy → continuous evaluation and independent DOT&E oversight.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "Directly reviewed P.L. 119-60 §218; establishment guidance deadline 180 days after 2025-12-18; actual issued guidance not verified.",
      "family": "Research, innovation and experimentation"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-51",
      "category": "Contract relief & risk allocation",
      "capability": "Grant extraordinary national-defense contractual relief",
      "summary": "Under Presidential authorization during qualifying emergency, enter/amend/modify contracts and make advances where necessary to facilitate national defense, subject to statutory safeguards.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "50 U.S.C. §1431",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section1431&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "50 U.S.C. §1432",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section1432&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "50 U.S.C. §1433",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section1433&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "50 U.S.C. §1435",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section1435&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §3862",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section3862&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "P.L. 119-60, §876",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Enacted public law, not a pending bill."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "President authorizes; DoD/Service officials or Contract Adjustment Boards within lawful delegation",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Program/contracting officer and contractor requesting relief"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Responsible contract/program funds and authorized relief sources"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Applicable senior department official or Contract Adjustment Board; President’sauthorization predicates"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Contracting officer and departmental relief process"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "DCMA insurance review for hazardous/nuclear requests; fiscal/counsel; Congress at threshold"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "50 U.S.C. chapter 29, including Executive Order 10789 implementation note",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USCODE-2024-title50/html/USCODE-2024-title50-chap29.htm"
        },
        {
          "title": "FY26 §876 —90-dayhazardous-indemnification review and DCMA input",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "National-defense facilitation; valid Presidential authorization and applicable national emergency.",
        "Above $500k approval at specified senior level; above $150m congressional notice and 60 days continuous-session wait."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Not permission to disregard all procurement/fiscal laws; §1432 express exclusions remain.",
        "Separate inflation-only §1431(c)-(d) authority ended 2025-12-31 in audited law and is not treated as currently available.",
        "Statute is substantive grant; Executive Order 10789 only supplies implementation/delegation, not a substitute grant."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Available lawful funds and contingent-liability review; special inflation relief required specific appropriations even when active."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Program/contractor → contracting officer and counsel → relief board/senior official → required Congress notice → contract modification or permitted relief.",
      "availability": "Conditional statutory pathway; current emergency/delegation predicate and funds must be validated. Inflation-only temporary branch not represented as available.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation. No FY26 NDAA extension of §1431(e) inflation-only authority identified; general §1431(a) must not be confused with that expired branch.",
      "family": "Acquisition, transition and contract finance"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-52",
      "category": "Contract relief & risk allocation",
      "capability": "Indemnify unusually hazardous research/development work",
      "summary": "Military-department R&D contracts may promise U.S. indemnification for defined unusually hazardous direct-performance third-party claims and contractor-property loss not otherwise insured/compensated.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §3861",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section3861&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of the military department concerned approves; Secretary/designated official certifies payment",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "R&D program and contractor"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "EligibleR&D/contract funds"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Military-department Secretary; designated just-and-reasonablepayment certifier"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Contracting officer and claims/insurance officials"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "DCMA asappropriate; counsel; risk/insurance specialists"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. §3861 — statutory actor assignment",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section3861&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Risk defined as unusually hazardous in contract; direct performance connection and uncovered loss.",
        "Required notice of claims/suits and U.S. option to control/assist defense."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Not blanket indemnity for any contractor business loss or retroactive unstated promise.",
        "R&D statutory pathway is distinct from 50 U.S.C. §1431 Presidential emergency relief."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Payments may use obligated contract funds, unobligated R&D funds or appropriations for payments, with Secretary approval."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "R&D program identifies hazard → insurance/risk counsel review → Secretary approval → explicit contract clause → certified claim payment.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation.",
      "family": "Acquisition, transition and contract finance"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-53",
      "category": "Contract relief & risk allocation",
      "capability": "Assume classified-contract work-in-process risk that cannot be commercially insured",
      "summary": "DoD must not require contractors to bear specified work-in-process loss when classification prevents obtaining insurance or processing a claim under covered fixed-price product contracts.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §3864",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section3864&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        },
        {
          "citation": "P.L. 119-60, §801",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Enacted public law, not a pending bill."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense; authorized contracting/risk officials",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Operational requirement owner; Service/component portfolio acquisition executive and program manager"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Sponsoring Service/component appropriations manager and comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Service/component acquisition executive and authorized contracting authority, at applicable threshold"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Warranted contracting officer and program manager"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "User command",
          "Counsel, fiscal, engineering, testing, logistics and security staff as applicable"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-60 §1802 / 10 U.S.C. 1732 — portfolio plans, budgets, execution and reporting chain",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm"
        },
        {
          "title": "FY26 §801 enactedrisk-allocationterms",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Classified fixed-price product contract entered after 2025-12-18.",
        "Classification causes unavailable commercial insurance or inability to process claim."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Does not cover managerial willful misconduct/lack of good faith or contractor workmanship error.",
        "Protection applies to work in process before government delivery/acceptance, not every corporate loss."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Allocate risk expressly in eligible contract and review contingent exposure; statute does not itself provide an appropriation."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Classified program and contractor → security/insurance evidence → contracting/fiscal/counsel → appropriate contract risk allocation.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "10 U.S.C. §3864 enacted P.L. 119-60 §801; full text read; implementing DFARS required within 120 days, completion not verified.",
      "family": "Acquisition, transition and contract finance"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-54",
      "category": "Research financial assistance",
      "capability": "Reimburse contractor independent R&D through allowable contract costs",
      "summary": "Treat qualifying independent research and development as allowable indirect expense under defense contracts while preserving statutory contractor independence in technology selection.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. §3762",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section3762&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense establishes payment rules; contracting and audit officials apply them",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Operational requirement owner; Service/component portfolio acquisition executive and program manager"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Sponsoring Service/component appropriations manager and comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Service/component acquisition executive and authorized contracting authority, at applicable threshold"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Warranted contracting officer and program manager"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "User command",
          "Counsel, fiscal, engineering, testing, logistics and security staff as applicable"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-60 §1802 / 10 U.S.C. 1732 — portfolio plans, budgets, execution and reporting chain",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Costs genuinely constitute independent R&D and must be reported separately from other allowable indirect costs.",
        "Contract pricing, allocation and allowability rules remain applicable."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Not a stand-alone R&D grant, reimbursement entitlement for every expense, or authority to direct all private research.",
        "Contractor independence protected where statutory chief-executive determination concerning future defense needs is satisfied."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Recovery through applicable defense-contract indirect costs, not a new appropriation or loan."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "DoD communicates future capability needs → contractor undertakes qualifying independent R&D → contracting/audit review → permitted cost treatment.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation.",
      "family": "Research, innovation and experimentation"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-55",
      "category": "Technology transfer",
      "capability": "Retain licensing royalties and reinvest in inventors and laboratory missions",
      "summary": "Retain laboratory invention licensing receipts, reward inventors and eligible contributors, and reinvest statutory balances in technology transfer, workforce and mission research.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "15 U.S.C. §3710c",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section3710c&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Primary statutory text; primary GovInfo baseline and amendment audit identified in research narrative."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Agency or laboratory head and designated distribution officials",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Laboratory scientific lead and Office of Research and Technology Applications"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Laboratory director and sponsoring component budget owner"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Laboratory director and agency approver as statute/delegation requires"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Laboratory ORTA, counsel and authorized agreement official"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Industry, universities, nonprofit and government collaborators within eligibility limits"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "Army Technology Transfer Program — agreement tools and laboratory roles",
          "url": "https://www.t2.army.mil/T2-Program/T2-Agreements/"
        },
        {
          "title": "Air Force Offices of Research and Technology Applications — coordination role",
          "url": "https://www.aft3.af.mil/Office-of-Research-and-Technology-Application-ORTA/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Receipts must arise from covered invention licensing/assignment; required inventor distribution and permitted-use rules."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Not unrestricted profit retention: residual amounts, excess-receipt shares and expired balances go to Treasury.",
        "Individual annual reward ceiling and Presidential exception apply."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Balance generally available in receipt year and two succeeding fiscal years; statutory inventor share and distribution rules precede reinvestment."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "ORTA/license administrator collects royalties → agency/lab fiscal officials distribute statutory shares → director funds eligible mission activities → return required balances.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 Code (includes FY2025 NDAA, P.L. 118-159) read in full for cited provision; targeted FY2026 NDAA P.L. 119-60 amendment/repeal sweep. No claim of complete legislative currency through 2026-10-02; remaining 2026 delta needs counsel validation.",
      "family": "Intellectual property and technology transfer"
    },
    {
      "id": "ACQ-56",
      "category": "Transition & scaling",
      "capability": "Request DIU commercial-technology adoption and integration support through BOOST",
      "summary": "Portfolio acquisition executives, program managers and product support managers can request DIU assistance identifying, adopting and integrating commercial technologies into programs of record or fielded capabilities.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "P.L. 119-60, §1833",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Enacted public law, not a pending bill."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "DIU Director establishes and executes program; Secretary of Defense issues guidance",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Requesting portfolio acquisition executive, program manager or product support manager"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "DIU appropriations made available for BOOST; customer program resources as needed"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "DIU Director under required guidance; instrument-specific award officials"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "DIU and coordinated development, experimentation or integration teams"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Rapid Innovation Program, SBIR/STTR offices, urgent-acquisition organizations and customer contracting offices"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DIU Work With Us — mission customer, liaison, funding and prototype execution",
          "url": "https://www.diu.mil/work-with-us"
        },
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-60 §1802 / 10 U.S.C. 1732 — portfolio plans, budgets, execution and reporting chain",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Request identifies a program or fielded-capability adoption/integration need.",
        "DIU reviews candidate technologies and, upon request, executes coordinated development, experimentation or integration; termination criteria apply."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Program and statutory authorities expire December 31,2030.",
        "Does not itself waive requirements of the underlying contract, OT or funding instrument."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Expressly subject to appropriations; DIU amounts authorized for this purpose may be used; current availability not verified."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "PAE/program/product support manager request → DIU technology review → coordinated development or integration with related transition programs → funded program adoption.",
      "availability": "Express statutory pathway; award-specific appropriations, available balances, delegations, implementation and approvals not independently verified.",
      "confidence": "High on express authority and cited conditions; execution assignment is illustrative unless statute expressly names it.",
      "currentness": "P.L. 119-60 §1833 read directly; guidance required within 90 days after December 18,2025; guidance issuance and live program implementation not verified.",
      "family": "Acquisition, transition and contract finance"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-01",
      "category": "Industrial priorities and allocations",
      "capability": "Prioritize defense contracts and allocate scarce industrial resources",
      "summary": "Require capable suppliers to accept and prioritize national-defense orders and allocate materials, services, and facilities. This is economic mobilization authority, not a general nationalization power.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "50 U.S.C. § 4511",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section4511&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "50 U.S.C. § 4553",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section4553&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "50 U.S.C. § 4564",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section4564&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-103, div. B §2004",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ103/html/PLAW-119publ103.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "President; execution through applicable resource-agency delegations",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "USD(A&S) / Industrial Base Policy / WIRE",
          "Military Department capability and supply-chain sponsors"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "DPA Fund / DPA Purchases account",
          "DoD Comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "President / authorized statutory delegate; nondelegable findings retained where applicable"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "DoD program and warranted contracting officials applying authorized ratings; resource-agency allocation officials"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Commerce/BIS for industrial-resource priority system",
          "Energy, Transportation, Agriculture, HHS, DHS as jurisdiction requires"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "Industrial Base Policy: Warfighting Investments, Resourcing, and Execution (WIRE)",
          "url": "https://www.businessdefense.gov/ibr/wire.html"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "National-defense purpose; applicable priority/allocation rules",
        "Additional findings before controlling general civilian-market distribution"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Does not cover employment contracts",
        "Civilian distribution and energy allocations have statutory findings",
        "Most DPA authorities expire December 11, 2026 under §4564 as amended by Pub. L. 119-103; §4558 is excepted."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "An allocation direction does not supply procurement funds; underlying orders require lawful funding."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "DPA operative 2024 text read and compared with OLRC September 2026 entries; Pub. L. 119-103, div. B §2004 extends §4564 to Dec. 11, 2026. Pub. L. 119-60 §862 removes statutory barriers to changing the Air Force Executive Agent, not itself a replacement designation.",
      "family": "Industrial capacity, capital and credit"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-02",
      "category": "Industrial credit",
      "capability": "Guarantee private loans for defense production capacity",
      "summary": "The President may authorize a guaranteeing procurement agency to guarantee private-institution loans supporting essential defense production and services.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "50 U.S.C. § 4531",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section4531&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "50 U.S.C. § 4534",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section4534&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "50 U.S.C. § 4564",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section4564&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-75, div. A, title III, Defense Production Act Purchases",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ75/html/PLAW-119publ75.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Provides $321,923,000 until expended for DPA §§108,301–303; Secretary may obligate/expend this funding as if delegated necessary DPA authorities."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "President; designated guaranteeing agency",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "USD(A&S) / Industrial Base Policy / WIRE",
          "Military Department capability and supply-chain sponsors"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "DPA Fund / DPA Purchases account",
          "DoD Comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "President / authorized statutory delegate; nondelegable findings retained where applicable"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Assigned DPA Title III executing office and warranted contracting officer; current assignment must be verified"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Treasury / OMB for credit",
          "Other resource-jurisdiction agencies as applicable",
          "Congressional notification recipients"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "Industrial Base Policy: Warfighting Investments, Resourcing, and Execution (WIRE)",
          "url": "https://www.businessdefense.gov/ibr/wire.html"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Required findings on defense essentiality, private-credit availability, cost effectiveness, repayment/security and interest unless statutory emergency exception applies",
        "Applicant security generally at least 20% of loan",
        "Large-shortfall notice and wait requirements",
        "For the FY26 DPA Purchases appropriation, enacted text permits Secretary of Defense obligation/expenditure as if delegated necessary DPA authorities; do not treat an Executive Order as the independent substantive grant. Transaction-specific nondelegable findings and credit limits still require review."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Not general banking authority; applies to identified defense shortfalls",
        "Anti-Deficiency Act retained",
        "Most DPA authorities expire December 11, 2026 under §4564 as amended by Pub. L. 119-103; §4558 is excepted."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Advance credit-cost budget authority and statutory loan-principal limitation required; ordinary procurement money is not automatically credit subsidy authority.",
        "FY26 enacted DPA Purchases: $321.923M no-year. This is appropriated program amount, NOT verified remaining balance or automatic credit-principal ceiling."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "DPA operative 2024 text read and compared with OLRC September 2026 entries; Pub. L. 119-103, div. B §2004 extends §4564 to Dec. 11, 2026. Pub. L. 119-60 §862 removes statutory barriers to changing the Air Force Executive Agent, not itself a replacement designation.",
      "family": "Industrial capacity, capital and credit"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-03",
      "category": "Industrial credit",
      "capability": "Make direct loans to private enterprises for productive capacity",
      "summary": "Finance defense-related capacity, processes and essential materials, including exploration, development and mining, through DPA direct loans.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "50 U.S.C. § 4532",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section4532&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "50 U.S.C. § 4534",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section4534&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "50 U.S.C. § 4564",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section4564&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-75, div. A, title III, Defense Production Act Purchases",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ75/html/PLAW-119publ75.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Provides $321,923,000 until expended for DPA §§108,301–303; Secretary may obligate/expend this funding as if delegated necessary DPA authorities."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "President or authorized delegate",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "USD(A&S) / Industrial Base Policy / WIRE",
          "Military Department capability and supply-chain sponsors"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "DPA Fund / DPA Purchases account",
          "DoD Comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "President / authorized statutory delegate; nondelegable findings retained where applicable"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Assigned DPA Title III executing office and warranted contracting officer; current assignment must be verified"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Treasury / OMB for credit",
          "Other resource-jurisdiction agencies as applicable",
          "Congressional notification recipients"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "Industrial Base Policy: Warfighting Investments, Resourcing, and Execution (WIRE)",
          "url": "https://www.businessdefense.gov/ibr/wire.html"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Private financing not otherwise available on reasonable terms",
        "Apply §4532(b)(2) national-emergency findings as written",
        "Aggregate shortfall threshold notification or valid waiver",
        "For the FY26 DPA Purchases appropriation, enacted text permits Secretary of Defense obligation/expenditure as if delegated necessary DPA authorities; do not treat an Executive Order as the independent substantive grant. Transaction-specific nondelegable findings and credit limits still require review."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Loan terms and repayment assessment required",
        "Not equity or unrestricted corporate rescue",
        "Most DPA authorities expire December 11, 2026 under §4564 as amended by Pub. L. 119-103; §4558 is excepted."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Specific advance credit authority and Federal Credit Reform/appropriations treatment must be confirmed; §4532 retains the Anti-Deficiency Act.",
        "FY26 enacted DPA Purchases: $321.923M no-year. This is appropriated program amount, NOT verified remaining balance or automatic credit-principal ceiling."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "DPA operative 2024 text read and compared with OLRC September 2026 entries; Pub. L. 119-103, div. B §2004 extends §4564 to Dec. 11, 2026. Pub. L. 119-60 §862 removes statutory barriers to changing the Air Force Executive Agent, not itself a replacement designation.",
      "family": "Industrial capacity, capital and credit"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-04",
      "category": "Industrial purchase commitments",
      "capability": "Underwrite industrial capacity through purchases, offtake commitments and targeted subsidies",
      "summary": "Purchase industrial resources or critical technology items for use or resale, encourage mining, and support production or technology transition; conditioned subsidies can sustain threatened high-cost domestic material sources.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "50 U.S.C. § 4533(a)-(d)",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section4533&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "50 U.S.C. § 4534",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section4534&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "50 U.S.C. § 4552(7)",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section4552&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "50 U.S.C. § 4564",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section4564&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-75, div. A, title III, Defense Production Act Purchases",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ75/html/PLAW-119publ75.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Provides $321,923,000 until expended for DPA §§108,301–303; Secretary may obligate/expend this funding as if delegated necessary DPA authorities."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "President; duly delegated execution with reserved findings",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "USD(A&S) / Industrial Base Policy / WIRE",
          "Military Department capability and supply-chain sponsors"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "DPA Fund / DPA Purchases account",
          "DoD Comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "President / authorized statutory delegate; nondelegable findings retained where applicable"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Assigned DPA Title III executing office and warranted contracting officer; current assignment must be verified"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Treasury / OMB for credit",
          "Other resource-jurisdiction agencies as applicable",
          "Congressional notification recipients"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "Industrial Base Policy: Warfighting Investments, Resourcing, and Execution (WIRE)",
          "url": "https://www.businessdefense.gov/ibr/wire.html"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Written essentiality, shortfall and cost-effectiveness determinations unless valid waiver",
        "Shortfall notices, >$50M threshold requirements and authorization/waiver analysis",
        "Above-market or anticipated-loss purchases require further findings",
        "For the FY26 DPA Purchases appropriation, enacted text permits Secretary of Defense obligation/expenditure as if delegated necessary DPA authorities; do not treat an Executive Order as the independent substantive grant. Transaction-specific nondelegable findings and credit limits still require review."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Commitments generally no more than 10 years",
        "DPA domestic-source eligibility is not worldwide: U.S./Canada and conditioned Australia/U.K. rule for Title III",
        "Most DPA authorities expire December 11, 2026 under §4564 as amended by Pub. L. 119-103; §4558 is excepted."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "DPA Fund and advance appropriations; funds and allowable commitment liability must be present.",
        "FY26 enacted DPA Purchases: $321.923M no-year. This is appropriated program amount, NOT verified remaining balance or automatic credit-principal ceiling."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "DPA operative 2024 text read and compared with OLRC September 2026 entries; Pub. L. 119-103, div. B §2004 extends §4564 to Dec. 11, 2026. Pub. L. 119-60 §862 removes statutory barriers to changing the Air Force Executive Agent, not itself a replacement designation.",
      "family": "Industrial capacity, capital and credit"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-05",
      "category": "Industrial facilities and equipment",
      "capability": "Install industrial equipment and improve government or private plants",
      "summary": "Procure/install government-owned equipment in government and private industrial facilities; modify or expand private facilities and transfer installed equipment under express DPA terms.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "50 U.S.C. § 4533(e)-(g)",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section4533&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "50 U.S.C. § 4534",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section4534&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-75, div. A, title III, Defense Production Act Purchases",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ75/html/PLAW-119publ75.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Provides $321,923,000 until expended for DPA §§108,301–303; Secretary may obligate/expend this funding as if delegated necessary DPA authorities."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "President or authorized delegate",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "USD(A&S) / Industrial Base Policy / WIRE",
          "Military Department capability and supply-chain sponsors"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "DPA Fund / DPA Purchases account",
          "DoD Comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "President / authorized statutory delegate; nondelegable findings retained where applicable"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Assigned DPA Title III executing office and warranted contracting officer; current assignment must be verified"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Treasury / OMB for credit",
          "Other resource-jurisdiction agencies as applicable",
          "Congressional notification recipients"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "Industrial Base Policy: Warfighting Investments, Resourcing, and Execution (WIRE)",
          "url": "https://www.businessdefense.gov/ibr/wire.html"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Finding action aids national defense",
        "Private owner waiver/indemnity conditions for government equipment",
        "Applicable Title III determinations and funding",
        "For the FY26 DPA Purchases appropriation, enacted text permits Secretary of Defense obligation/expenditure as if delegated necessary DPA authorities; do not treat an Executive Order as the independent substantive grant. Transaction-specific nondelegable findings and credit limits still require review."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Does not convey an unrestricted real-estate investment mandate",
        "Private new-facility construction language is more explicit in §4817(i)(4) than in DPA §4533(e)",
        "Most DPA authorities expire December 11, 2026 under §4564 as amended by Pub. L. 119-103; §4558 is excepted."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "DPA appropriations and properly authorized project instrument.",
        "FY26 enacted DPA Purchases: $321.923M no-year. This is appropriated program amount, NOT verified remaining balance or automatic credit-principal ceiling."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "DPA operative 2024 text read and compared with OLRC September 2026 entries; Pub. L. 119-103, div. B §2004 extends §4564 to Dec. 11, 2026. Pub. L. 119-60 §862 removes statutory barriers to changing the Air Force Executive Agent, not itself a replacement designation.",
      "family": "Industrial capacity, capital and credit"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-06",
      "category": "Industry coordination",
      "capability": "Organize supervised voluntary industry agreements with limited antitrust defense",
      "summary": "Establish voluntary agreements and plans for defense preparedness, with statutory safeguards that can protect conforming actions from antitrust liability.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "50 U.S.C. § 4558",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section4558&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "50 U.S.C. § 4564",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section4564&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "President or qualifying Senate-confirmed designee; Attorney General has required findings role",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "USD(A&S) / Industrial Base Policy / WIRE",
          "Military Department capability and supply-chain sponsors"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "DPA Fund / DPA Purchases account",
          "DoD Comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "President / authorized statutory delegate; nondelegable findings retained where applicable"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Assigned DPA Title III executing office and warranted contracting officer; current assignment must be verified"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Attorney General / DOJ Antitrust Division",
          "Federal Trade Commission",
          "Representative industry participants"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "Industrial Base Policy: Warfighting Investments, Resourcing, and Execution (WIRE)",
          "url": "https://www.businessdefense.gov/ibr/wire.html"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Defense-threat finding",
        "Attorney General/FTC consultation, approvals, rules, notices, records and supervision",
        "Agreement certified necessary; AG finds less anticompetitive alternative inadequate"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "No general immunity for industry coordination",
        "Five-year agreement duration unless renewed",
        "§4558 is expressly excepted from DPA general sunset"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Administrative resources and any separately authorized transactions require lawful funds."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "DPA operative 2024 text read and compared with OLRC September 2026 entries; Pub. L. 119-103, div. B §2004 extends §4564 to Dec. 11, 2026. Pub. L. 119-60 §862 removes statutory barriers to changing the Air Force Executive Agent, not itself a replacement designation.",
      "family": "Industrial capacity, capital and credit"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-07",
      "category": "Industrial-base information",
      "capability": "Compel industrial information needed to administer DPA authorities",
      "summary": "Obtain reports, inspect records, and issue subpoenas for information necessary to administer or enforce the DPA.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "50 U.S.C. § 4555",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section4555&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 4818",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4818&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "President / authorized delegate; courts enforce subpoenas",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "USD(A&S) / Industrial Base Policy / WIRE",
          "Military Department capability and supply-chain sponsors"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "DPA Fund / DPA Purchases account",
          "DoD Comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "President / authorized statutory delegate; nondelegable findings retained where applicable"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Assigned DPA Title III executing office and warranted contracting officer; current assignment must be verified"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Commerce/BIS industrial-base assessment offices",
          "DoD General Counsel",
          "DOJ and Federal courts for enforcement"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "Industrial Base Policy: Warfighting Investments, Resourcing, and Execution (WIRE)",
          "url": "https://www.businessdefense.gov/ibr/wire.html"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Information necessary or appropriate to DPA administration",
        "Confidentiality and counsel protections",
        "Applicable delegation and judicial enforcement procedures"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Not a general counterintelligence search or law-enforcement warrant power",
        "Protected business information cannot simply be published",
        "Most DPA authorities expire December 11, 2026 under §4564 as amended by Pub. L. 119-103; §4558 is excepted."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Administrative appropriations; no independent production-investment budget created."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "DPA operative 2024 text read and compared with OLRC September 2026 entries; Pub. L. 119-103, div. B §2004 extends §4564 to Dec. 11, 2026. Pub. L. 119-60 §862 removes statutory barriers to changing the Air Force Executive Agent, not itself a replacement designation.",
      "family": "Industrial capacity, capital and credit"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-08",
      "category": "Technology credit",
      "capability": "Finance or refinance dual-use critical technology with OSC direct loans",
      "summary": "Provide loans for eligible investments in enumerated covered technology categories; the legal form is capital assistance, not an unrestricted equity fund.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 149(d)-(h)",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section149&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-60, §§905–906",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-75, div. A §8134",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ75/html/PLAW-119publ75.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-21, §20004(d)",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ21/html/PLAW-119publ21.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-21, §20005(b)",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ21/html/PLAW-119publ21.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense acting through OSC Director",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "OSC investment and credit teams",
          "Technology and acquisition requirement sponsors"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "DoD Credit Program Account / OSC",
          "DoD Comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense and OSC Director as specified in §149"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "OSC Director and credit transaction team"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Private lenders and eligible entities",
          "Treasury / OMB credit-scoring officials",
          "DoD legal counsel"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "Office of Strategic Capital",
          "url": "https://www.cto.mil/osc/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Eligible entity and covered dual-use technology, not solely defense application",
        "At least 80% nonfederal capital for the specific technology at investment time",
        "Creditworthiness, reasonable repayment assurance and selection criteria"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "New loans and technical-assistance authority expire Oct. 1, 2028",
        "Direct-loan term up to 50 years",
        "Treasury benchmark interest and nonsubordination rules have specific waivers"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Advance appropriations specifically providing credit assistance; Federal Credit Reform cost and DoD Credit Program Account. A headline lending ceiling is not cash available.",
        "Enacted FY26 credit appropriation $97.770M no-year with $4.390B principal ceiling. FY25 reconciliation separately supplied $500M minerals-focused and $1B general capital-assistance funding through Sep.30,2029, each with $100B principal ceiling. These are statutory amounts, not remaining balances; do not simply add ceilings into deployable cash."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "10 USC149 2024 text read; FY26 §§905–906 amendments read in full; OLRC current entry shows laws effective Sept.28,2026.",
      "family": "Industrial capacity, capital and credit"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-09",
      "category": "Technology credit",
      "capability": "Guarantee private loans for OSC-eligible investments",
      "summary": "OSC can guarantee loans for eligible investments with established private-lender rates, stated guaranteed principal percentage and credit controls.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 149(e)(3)",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section149&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-60, §906",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-75, div. A §8134",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ75/html/PLAW-119publ75.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-21, §20004(d)",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ21/html/PLAW-119publ21.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-21, §20005(b)",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ21/html/PLAW-119publ21.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "OSC Director, within Secretary of Defense program authority",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "OSC investment and credit teams",
          "Technology and acquisition requirement sponsors"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "DoD Credit Program Account / OSC",
          "DoD Comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense and OSC Director as specified in §149"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "OSC Director and credit transaction team"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Private lenders and eligible entities",
          "Treasury / OMB credit-scoring officials",
          "DoD legal counsel"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "Office of Strategic Capital",
          "url": "https://www.cto.mil/osc/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Eligible dual-use technology and entity",
        "Loan guarantee agreement and credit assessment",
        "Congressional notification within 30 days of use"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "No new guarantees after Oct. 1, 2028 absent extension",
        "§149(d) 80% rule is expressly written for direct-loan investments, not a blanket guarantee percentage rule",
        "Guarantee is not purchase of stock"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Specific credit subsidy and principal authority in appropriations; DoD Credit Program Account and Federal Credit Reform Act.",
        "Enacted FY26 credit appropriation $97.770M no-year with $4.390B principal ceiling. FY25 reconciliation separately supplied $500M minerals-focused and $1B general capital-assistance funding through Sep.30,2029, each with $100B principal ceiling. These are statutory amounts, not remaining balances; do not simply add ceilings into deployable cash."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "2024 official U.S. Code operative text read; relevant amendments in Pub. L. 119-60 (Dec. 18, 2025), 119-21 and 119-103 examined. Rolling OLRC source consulted where retrievable; transaction-specific later-law and delegation confirmation remains necessary.",
      "family": "Industrial capacity, capital and credit"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-10",
      "category": "Financial technical assistance",
      "capability": "Support financial structuring, due diligence and credit servicing",
      "summary": "Provide technical assistance to OSC applicants/recipients; charge limited transaction fees, accept specified professional services, and use other agencies’ personnel/facilities by agreement.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 149(e)(3)(B)",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section149&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 149(e)(12)",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section149&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 149(f)-(g)",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section149&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-60, §906",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-75, div. A §8134",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ75/html/PLAW-119publ75.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-21, §20004(d)",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ21/html/PLAW-119publ21.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-21, §20005(b)",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ21/html/PLAW-119publ21.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "OSC Director",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "OSC investment and credit teams",
          "Technology and acquisition requirement sponsors"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "DoD Credit Program Account / OSC",
          "DoD Comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense and OSC Director as specified in §149"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "OSC Director and credit transaction team"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Private lenders and eligible entities",
          "Treasury / OMB credit-scoring officials",
          "DoD legal counsel"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "Office of Strategic Capital",
          "url": "https://www.cto.mil/osc/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Assistance tied to eligible investments",
        "Fees limited to specified credit-administration and third-party transaction costs",
        "Other-agency consent for shared services"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Fees may not pay DoD civilian salaries/expenses or unrelated activities",
        "New technical assistance ends Oct. 1, 2028; servicing/fees on outstanding loans continue as provided"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Subject to appropriations; fees deposited into Credit Program Account with no-year availability but restricted purposes.",
        "Enacted FY26 credit appropriation $97.770M no-year with $4.390B principal ceiling. FY25 reconciliation separately supplied $500M minerals-focused and $1B general capital-assistance funding through Sep.30,2029, each with $100B principal ceiling. These are statutory amounts, not remaining balances; do not simply add ceilings into deployable cash."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "2024 official U.S. Code operative text read; relevant amendments in Pub. L. 119-60 (Dec. 18, 2025), 119-21 and 119-103 examined. Rolling OLRC source consulted where retrievable; transaction-specific later-law and delegation confirmation remains necessary.",
      "family": "Industrial capacity, capital and credit"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-11",
      "category": "Capital coordination",
      "capability": "Convene public/private capital and vet agency investment transactions",
      "summary": "A National Security Capital Forum connects financiers, firms, partner nations and agencies and acts as a clearinghouse for potential loan/equity transactions by agencies with their own authorities.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 118-159, §1092",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-118publ159/html/PLAW-118publ159.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-60, §867(c)–(d)",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 149",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section149&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Statutory notes include National Security Capital Forum"
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense; OSC Director chairs",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "OSC investment and credit teams",
          "Technology and acquisition requirement sponsors"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "DoD Credit Program Account / OSC",
          "DoD Comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense and OSC Director as specified in §149"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "OSC Director and credit transaction team"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Domestic and international financiers",
          "Partner-nation government/private entities",
          "ASD(Industrial Base Policy), DLA Director, DoD General Counsel"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "Office of Strategic Capital",
          "url": "https://www.cto.mil/osc/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Participant vetting, conflicts procedures and required operating guidance",
        "Include Industrial Base Policy, DLA Director and DoD General Counsel"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Forum coordination is not itself authority to buy equity or obligate another agency’s money",
        "Expanded clearinghouse provisions sunset Dec.31,2035"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Administrative appropriations; each transaction must carry its own substantive authority and funds."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "2024 official U.S. Code operative text read; relevant amendments in Pub. L. 119-60 (Dec. 18, 2025), 119-21 and 119-103 examined. Rolling OLRC source consulted where retrievable; transaction-specific later-law and delegation confirmation remains necessary.",
      "family": "Industrial capacity, capital and credit"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-12",
      "category": "Industrial capacity assistance",
      "capability": "Fund supply-chain capacity and workforce through grants and agreements",
      "summary": "Use contracts, grants, cooperative agreements and other transactions; provide private-sector incentives to create, maintain, protect, expand or restore essential domestic industrial-base capabilities. Express eligible uses include workforce, facilities and production infrastructure.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 4817(g)-(h)",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4817&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-60, §867",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense; Fund control assigned by §4817(b) to USD(A&S) through named industrial-base office",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "USD(A&S) / Industrial Base Policy / Industrial Base Resilience / WIRE",
          "Military Department and COCOM requirement sponsors"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Industrial Base Fund / IBAS program",
          "DoD Comptroller and component funding sponsors"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense or lawfully authorized delegate"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "WIRE/IBAS program and assigned warranted contracting or agreements officer"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Industry / eligible intermediaries",
          "DoD General Counsel and fiscal counsel"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "Industrial Base Policy: Warfighting Investments, Resourcing, and Execution (WIRE)",
          "url": "https://www.businessdefense.gov/ibr/wire.html"
        },
        {
          "title": "Industrial Base Analysis and Sustainment program",
          "url": "https://www.businessdefense.gov/ibr/wire/ibas.html"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Enumerated §4817(g)(1) defense supply-chain purposes; other purposes require essentiality/timeliness findings and 30-day report",
        "No activity in the six covered countries under §4817(m)",
        "Applicable approval and award instrument"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Purpose-limited supply-chain program, not general economic development",
        "New authorities sunset Dec.31,2035"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Industrial Base Fund appropriations; Pub. L.119-60 §867(b) bars using funds made available BEFORE Dec.18,2025 for newly added §4817(g)–(j) activities. FY27 CR limitations independently apply to its funds."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "Full enacted Pub. L.119-60 §867 read, corroborated by OLRC §4817 prelim; new (g)–(m) provisions sunset Dec.31,2035; five-year third-party award subauthority is shorter.",
      "family": "Industrial capacity, capital and credit"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-13",
      "category": "Intermediated industrial investment",
      "capability": "Award funding to third-party investment entities for small and medium firms",
      "summary": "Make awards to intermediaries supporting investments in small/medium entities working in defense-interest areas that benefit DoD missions.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 4817(h)(3)",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4817&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-60, §867",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "USD(A&S) / Industrial Base Policy / Industrial Base Resilience / WIRE",
          "Military Department and COCOM requirement sponsors"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Industrial Base Fund / IBAS program",
          "DoD Comptroller and component funding sponsors"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense or lawfully authorized delegate"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "WIRE/IBAS program and assigned warranted contracting or agreements officer"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Industry / eligible intermediaries",
          "DoD General Counsel and fiscal counsel"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "Industrial Base Policy: Warfighting Investments, Resourcing, and Execution (WIRE)",
          "url": "https://www.businessdefense.gov/ibr/wire.html"
        },
        {
          "title": "Industrial Base Analysis and Sustainment program",
          "url": "https://www.businessdefense.gov/ibr/wire/ibas.html"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Enumerated §4817(g)(1) defense supply-chain purposes; other purposes require essentiality/timeliness findings and 30-day report",
        "No activity in the six covered countries under §4817(m)",
        "Applicable approval and award instrument"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Authority runs only for five years beginning Dec.18,2025",
        "This text expressly authorizes third-party investment awards; it does not expressly enumerate a general direct government equity portfolio"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Industrial Base Fund appropriations; Pub. L.119-60 §867(b) bars using funds made available BEFORE Dec.18,2025 for newly added §4817(g)–(j) activities. FY27 CR limitations independently apply to its funds."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "Full enacted Pub. L.119-60 §867 read, corroborated by OLRC §4817 prelim; new (g)–(m) provisions sunset Dec.31,2035; five-year third-party award subauthority is shorter.",
      "family": "Industrial capacity, capital and credit"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-14",
      "category": "Market-shaping incentives",
      "capability": "Offset market manipulation and sustain strategic-material supplies",
      "summary": "Provide subsidies to offset market manipulation; use conditioned material subsidy payments, including loss-making resale or purchase commitments, for specified supply risks.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 4817(h)(4)",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4817&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 4817(i)(2)-(3)",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4817&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-60, §867",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "USD(A&S) / Industrial Base Policy / Industrial Base Resilience / WIRE",
          "Military Department and COCOM requirement sponsors"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Industrial Base Fund / IBAS program",
          "DoD Comptroller and component funding sponsors"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense or lawfully authorized delegate"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "WIRE/IBAS program and assigned warranted contracting or agreements officer"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Industry / eligible intermediaries",
          "DoD General Counsel and fiscal counsel"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "Industrial Base Policy: Warfighting Investments, Resourcing, and Execution (WIRE)",
          "url": "https://www.businessdefense.gov/ibr/wire.html"
        },
        {
          "title": "Industrial Base Analysis and Sustainment program",
          "url": "https://www.businessdefense.gov/ibr/wire/ibas.html"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Enumerated §4817(g)(1) defense supply-chain purposes; other purposes require essentiality/timeliness findings and 30-day report",
        "No activity in the six covered countries under §4817(m)",
        "Applicable approval and award instrument",
        "Apply high-cost-source or temporary-transport-cost findings for §4817(i)(3)"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "No covered-country source subsidies under §4817(i)(3)",
        "Above-market/loss commitments require inability to secure better terms or overseas-supply necessity findings",
        "Not a general tariff, sanction or price-control authority"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Industrial Base Fund appropriations; Pub. L.119-60 §867(b) bars using funds made available BEFORE Dec.18,2025 for newly added §4817(g)–(j) activities. FY27 CR limitations independently apply to its funds."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "Full enacted Pub. L.119-60 §867 read, corroborated by OLRC §4817 prelim; new (g)–(m) provisions sunset Dec.31,2035; five-year third-party award subauthority is shorter.",
      "family": "Industrial capacity, capital and credit"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-15",
      "category": "Industrial purchase commitments",
      "capability": "Create durable demand through industrial-base offtake commitments",
      "summary": "Make purchase commitments for federal use or resale, critical-mineral development, components, production capacity and dual-use technology transition.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 4817(i)(1)-(3)",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4817&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-60, §867",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "USD(A&S) / Industrial Base Policy / Industrial Base Resilience / WIRE",
          "Military Department and COCOM requirement sponsors"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Industrial Base Fund / IBAS program",
          "DoD Comptroller and component funding sponsors"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense or lawfully authorized delegate"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "WIRE/IBAS program and assigned warranted contracting or agreements officer"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Industry / eligible intermediaries",
          "DoD General Counsel and fiscal counsel"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "Industrial Base Policy: Warfighting Investments, Resourcing, and Execution (WIRE)",
          "url": "https://www.businessdefense.gov/ibr/wire.html"
        },
        {
          "title": "Industrial Base Analysis and Sustainment program",
          "url": "https://www.businessdefense.gov/ibr/wire/ibas.html"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Enumerated §4817(g)(1) defense supply-chain purposes; other purposes require essentiality/timeliness findings and 30-day report",
        "No activity in the six covered countries under §4817(m)",
        "Applicable approval and award instrument",
        "Document terms, exposure and statutory above-market/anticipated-loss findings"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Commitment term no more than 10 years",
        "New provisions sunset Dec.31,2035; contract survival/obligation mechanics need transaction review"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Industrial Base Fund appropriations; Pub. L.119-60 §867(b) bars using funds made available BEFORE Dec.18,2025 for newly added §4817(g)–(j) activities. FY27 CR limitations independently apply to its funds."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "Full enacted Pub. L.119-60 §867 read, corroborated by OLRC §4817 prelim; new (g)–(m) provisions sunset Dec.31,2035; five-year third-party award subauthority is shorter.",
      "family": "Industrial capacity, capital and credit"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-16",
      "category": "Industrial infrastructure",
      "capability": "Construct and improve private or government industrial facilities",
      "summary": "Expressly procure/install equipment, construct private facilities, modify production processes, transfer government equipment and construct facilities for eligible supply chains.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 4817(i)(4)",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4817&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-60, §867",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "USD(A&S) / Industrial Base Policy / Industrial Base Resilience / WIRE",
          "Military Department and COCOM requirement sponsors"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Industrial Base Fund / IBAS program",
          "DoD Comptroller and component funding sponsors"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense or lawfully authorized delegate"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "WIRE/IBAS program and assigned warranted contracting or agreements officer"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Industry / eligible intermediaries",
          "DoD General Counsel and fiscal counsel"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "Industrial Base Policy: Warfighting Investments, Resourcing, and Execution (WIRE)",
          "url": "https://www.businessdefense.gov/ibr/wire.html"
        },
        {
          "title": "Industrial Base Analysis and Sustainment program",
          "url": "https://www.businessdefense.gov/ibr/wire/ibas.html"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Enumerated §4817(g)(1) defense supply-chain purposes; other purposes require essentiality/timeliness findings and 30-day report",
        "No activity in the six covered countries under §4817(m)",
        "Applicable approval and award instrument",
        "Secretary determines action aids U.S. defense interests"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "No free-standing commercial real-estate speculation authority",
        "Project land rights, environmental rules and fund availability remain action-specific"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Industrial Base Fund appropriations; Pub. L.119-60 §867(b) bars using funds made available BEFORE Dec.18,2025 for newly added §4817(g)–(j) activities. FY27 CR limitations independently apply to its funds."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "Full enacted Pub. L.119-60 §867 read, corroborated by OLRC §4817 prelim; new (g)–(m) provisions sunset Dec.31,2035; five-year third-party award subauthority is shorter.",
      "family": "Industrial capacity, capital and credit"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-17",
      "category": "Industrial supply resilience",
      "capability": "Qualify substitutes, restrict sourcing to reliable sources and create reserves",
      "summary": "Support material/component substitutes and production incentives; use reliable-source restrictions, stockpiles, reserves and lead-time planning. Excess acquired materials may transfer to National Defense Stockpile without acquisition reimbursement.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 4817(i)(5)-(6)",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4817&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 4817(j)",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4817&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-60, §867",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "USD(A&S) / Industrial Base Policy / Industrial Base Resilience / WIRE",
          "Military Department and COCOM requirement sponsors"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Industrial Base Fund / IBAS program",
          "DoD Comptroller and component funding sponsors"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense or lawfully authorized delegate"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "WIRE/IBAS program and assigned warranted contracting or agreements officer"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Industry / eligible intermediaries",
          "DoD General Counsel and fiscal counsel"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "Industrial Base Policy: Warfighting Investments, Resourcing, and Execution (WIRE)",
          "url": "https://www.businessdefense.gov/ibr/wire.html"
        },
        {
          "title": "Industrial Base Analysis and Sustainment program",
          "url": "https://www.businessdefense.gov/ibr/wire/ibas.html"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Enumerated §4817(g)(1) defense supply-chain purposes; other purposes require essentiality/timeliness findings and 30-day report",
        "No activity in the six covered countries under §4817(m)",
        "Applicable approval and award instrument",
        "Reliability definition in §4817(m)(2); national-security finding for substitutes",
        "Public-interest determination for excess transfer"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "No blanket waiver of acquisition restrictions",
        "Incidental transfer costs paid/reimbursed by receiving stockpile/reserve",
        "New provisions sunset Dec.31,2035"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Industrial Base Fund appropriations; Pub. L.119-60 §867(b) bars using funds made available BEFORE Dec.18,2025 for newly added §4817(g)–(j) activities. FY27 CR limitations independently apply to its funds."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "Full enacted Pub. L.119-60 §867 read, corroborated by OLRC §4817 prelim; new (g)–(m) provisions sunset Dec.31,2035; five-year third-party award subauthority is shorter.",
      "family": "Industrial capacity, capital and credit"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-18",
      "category": "Industrial innovation pilot",
      "capability": "Use a time-limited industrial innovation pilot for credit and third-party debt/equity investment",
      "summary": "An uncodified pilot expressly lists loans, guarantees, purchase commitments, cost-sharing and third-party awards supporting debt/equity investment in small/medium manufacturers.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 115-91, §1711",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-115publ91/html/PLAW-115publ91.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 116-283, §213(c)",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-116publ283/html/PLAW-116publ283.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 4816",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4816&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Pilot Program on Strengthening the Defense Industrial and Innovation Base note"
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "USD(A&S) / Industrial Base Policy / Industrial Base Resilience / WIRE",
          "Military Department and COCOM requirement sponsors"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Industrial Base Fund / IBAS program",
          "DoD Comptroller and component funding sponsors"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense or lawfully authorized delegate"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "WIRE/IBAS program and assigned warranted contracting or agreements officer"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Industry / eligible intermediaries",
          "DoD General Counsel and fiscal counsel"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "Industrial Base Policy: Warfighting Investments, Resourcing, and Execution (WIRE)",
          "url": "https://www.businessdefense.gov/ibr/wire.html"
        },
        {
          "title": "Industrial Base Analysis and Sustainment program",
          "url": "https://www.businessdefense.gov/ibr/wire/ibas.html"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Pilot supports military manufacturing or emerging defense/commercial technologies",
        "Use applicable underlying contracting, OT or other lawful authorities and credit appropriations"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Pilot terminates Dec.31,2026",
        "Express third-party equity support does not establish unlimited direct Treasury equity acquisition",
        "Existing credit subsidy/principal authority must be identified"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "No inferred appropriation or revolving authority; credit assistance requires credit-law analysis."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Time-limited statutory pathway; operating program, credit budget authority, and new-award feasibility not verified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "2024 official U.S. Code operative text read; relevant amendments in Pub. L. 119-60 (Dec. 18, 2025), 119-21 and 119-103 examined. Rolling OLRC source consulted where retrievable; transaction-specific later-law and delegation confirmation remains necessary.",
      "family": "Industrial capacity, capital and credit"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-19",
      "category": "Strategic stockpiles",
      "capability": "Acquire, store, rotate and dispose of strategic and critical materials",
      "summary": "Build and manage defense reserves with procurement, storage, processing and rotation; FY26 amendments permit disposal through the most recent annual materials plan rather than only transaction-specific disposal legislation.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "50 U.S.C. § 98b",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section98b&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "50 U.S.C. § 98d",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section98d&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "50 U.S.C. § 98e",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section98e&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "50 U.S.C. § 98h",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section98h&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-60, §1411",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "National Defense Stockpile Manager for §98e(a); President for reserved functions",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "DLA Strategic Materials",
          "Military Departments supplying requirement data",
          "USD(A&S)"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "National Defense Stockpile Transaction Fund",
          "DLA finance"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "National Defense Stockpile Manager; President for reserved functions"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "DLA Strategic Materials acquisition, materials management, and contracting functions"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Strategic and Critical Materials Board",
          "Commerce / State / Energy as applicable",
          "Private miners, processors, recyclers"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DLA FY2025 National Defense Stockpile Transaction Fund Agency Financial Report",
          "url": "https://www.dla.mil/Portals/104/Documents/J8Finance/DLA%20FY25%20NDSTF%20AFR.pdf"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Strategic/critical material determination and stockpile requirements",
        "Annual Materials and Operations Plan",
        "Disposal notice within 15 days under amended §98d(b); applicable acquisition-plan changes and waiver/disposal waits reduced to 30 days"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Stockpile not for ordinary economic/budgetary purposes under §98a",
        "Avoid undue market disruption; competition where feasible",
        "Presidential emergency release power has distinct reserved conditions"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Stockpile Transaction Fund and acquisition appropriations/authorizations as applicable; disposals do not authorize general retention/spending beyond §98h."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "2024 stockpile chapter read plus full FY26 §1411 amendments; do not use outdated 45-day waits or old transaction-specific disposal-authority formulation.",
      "family": "Materials and strategic stockpiles"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-20",
      "category": "Materials processing and recycling",
      "capability": "Refine, recycle, recover and qualify strategic materials and sources",
      "summary": "Process/rotate stockpile materials, recover strategic materials from federal waste/end-of-life equipment, qualify reliable-source facilities and contract for recycling.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "50 U.S.C. § 98e(a)(3)-(5)",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section98e&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "50 U.S.C. § 98g",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section98g&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "50 U.S.C. § 98h-6(a)(2)-(4)",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section98h-6&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-60, §1412",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "National Defense Stockpile Manager; USD(A&S) and DLA Director for recovery expansion",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "DLA Strategic Materials",
          "Military Departments supplying requirement data",
          "USD(A&S)"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "National Defense Stockpile Transaction Fund",
          "DLA finance"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "National Defense Stockpile Manager; President for reserved functions"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "DLA Strategic Materials acquisition, materials management, and contracting functions"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Strategic and Critical Materials Board",
          "Commerce / State / Energy as applicable",
          "Private miners, processors, recyclers"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DLA FY2025 National Defense Stockpile Transaction Fund Agency Financial Report",
          "url": "https://www.dla.mil/Portals/104/Documents/J8Finance/DLA%20FY25%20NDSTF%20AFR.pdf"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Stockpile-purpose processing/qualification; reliable-source eligibility",
        "Include transactions in annual plan",
        "Recovery programs designed for positive cash flow except national-defense necessity"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Not a general municipal recycling or mining subsidy program",
        "Research and supplier qualification must relate to statutory materials purposes"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Adequate Stockpile Transaction Fund resources; R&D and recovery costs subject to §98h restrictions."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "2024 official U.S. Code operative text read; relevant amendments in Pub. L. 119-60 (Dec. 18, 2025), 119-21 and 119-103 examined. Rolling OLRC source consulted where retrievable; transaction-specific later-law and delegation confirmation remains necessary.",
      "family": "Materials and strategic stockpiles"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-21",
      "category": "Materials lending and barter",
      "capability": "Loan strategic materials and barter to maintain reserves",
      "summary": "Loan stockpile material to DOE or military departments with repayment assurance; use authorized barter and fair-market-value materials transfers to pay acquisition or processing costs.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "50 U.S.C. § 98e(c),(f)",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section98e&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "50 U.S.C. § 98h-7",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section98h-7&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "President / permissible delegated Stockpile Manager; delegation reserved exceptions apply",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "DLA Strategic Materials",
          "Military Departments supplying requirement data",
          "USD(A&S)"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "National Defense Stockpile Transaction Fund",
          "DLA finance"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "National Defense Stockpile Manager; President for reserved functions"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "DLA Strategic Materials acquisition, materials management, and contracting functions"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Strategic and Critical Materials Board",
          "Commerce / State / Energy as applicable",
          "Private miners, processors, recyclers"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DLA FY2025 National Defense Stockpile Transaction Fund Agency Financial Report",
          "url": "https://www.dla.mil/Portals/104/Documents/J8Finance/DLA%20FY25%20NDSTF%20AFR.pdf"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Similar-or-superior returned quantity/quality or payment assurance",
        "30-day congressional notice for material loans",
        "Barter must be authorized, practical and in U.S. interest"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Material loans are not cash lending to private businesses",
        "Cannot dispose of reserves through barter beyond statutory disposal authority"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Material accounting and Stockpile Transaction Fund transaction controls; not general off-budget spending."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "2024 official U.S. Code operative text read; relevant amendments in Pub. L. 119-60 (Dec. 18, 2025), 119-21 and 119-103 examined. Rolling OLRC source consulted where retrievable; transaction-specific later-law and delegation confirmation remains necessary.",
      "family": "Materials and strategic stockpiles"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-22",
      "category": "Minerals project development",
      "capability": "Co-fund bankable feasibility studies for reliable mineral sources",
      "summary": "Help fund technical/economic studies for strategic-material projects; associated project loans or debt purchases require separate DPA congressional authorization and Presidential determination.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "50 U.S.C. § 98h-6",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section98h-6&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "National Defense Stockpile Manager",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "DLA Strategic Materials",
          "Military Departments supplying requirement data",
          "USD(A&S)"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "National Defense Stockpile Transaction Fund",
          "DLA finance"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "National Defense Stockpile Manager; President for reserved functions"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "DLA Strategic Materials acquisition, materials management, and contracting functions"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Strategic and Critical Materials Board",
          "Commerce / State / Energy as applicable",
          "Private miners, processors, recyclers"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DLA FY2025 National Defense Stockpile Transaction Fund Agency Financial Report",
          "url": "https://www.dla.mil/Portals/104/Documents/J8Finance/DLA%20FY25%20NDSTF%20AFR.pdf"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Reliable-source project",
        "Government share no more than 50% of study",
        "Federal liability capped at provided funding; no obligation to purchase output",
        "Annual-plan inclusion"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Study authority alone is NOT authority to issue project loans or buy debt",
        "Contracts/commitments generally no more than 10 years"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Adequate Stockpile Transaction Fund funds; subsequent credit requires DPA/appropriations gate."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "2024 official U.S. Code operative text read; relevant amendments in Pub. L. 119-60 (Dec. 18, 2025), 119-21 and 119-103 examined. Rolling OLRC source consulted where retrievable; transaction-specific later-law and delegation confirmation remains necessary.",
      "family": "Materials and strategic stockpiles"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-23",
      "category": "Long-term mineral procurement",
      "capability": "Use multiyear and advance procurement for U.S.-processed critical minerals",
      "summary": "Contract over multiple years and undertake advance procurement to support critical minerals processed domestically.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "50 U.S.C. § 98e-2",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section98e-2&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 3501",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section3501&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "DLA Strategic Materials",
          "Military Departments supplying requirement data",
          "USD(A&S)"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "National Defense Stockpile Transaction Fund",
          "DLA finance"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "National Defense Stockpile Manager; President for reserved functions"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "DLA Strategic Materials acquisition, materials management, and contracting functions"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Strategic and Critical Materials Board",
          "Commerce / State / Energy as applicable",
          "Private miners, processors, recyclers"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DLA FY2025 National Defense Stockpile Transaction Fund Agency Financial Report",
          "url": "https://www.dla.mil/Portals/104/Documents/J8Finance/DLA%20FY25%20NDSTF%20AFR.pdf"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Critical-material determination",
        "Processing in United States by statutory domestic sources",
        "Compliance with §3501 and stockpile rules"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Future-year payments subject to later appropriations",
        "Not every foreign-origin or foreign-processed mineral qualifies"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Discretionary appropriations made available from Stockpile Transaction Fund after Dec.22,2023; FY27 CR restriction on initiating certain multiyear EOQ procurements must be assessed."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "2024 official U.S. Code operative text read; relevant amendments in Pub. L. 119-60 (Dec. 18, 2025), 119-21 and 119-103 examined. Rolling OLRC source consulted where retrievable; transaction-specific later-law and delegation confirmation remains necessary.",
      "family": "Materials and strategic stockpiles"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-24",
      "category": "Revolving industrial finance",
      "capability": "Operate reimbursable supply and industrial businesses with working-capital funds",
      "summary": "Finance inventories and common industrial/commercial services; recover costs from customer appropriations and support capital assets under specified rules.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2208",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2208&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-60, §333",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense; Treasury establishes accounts; Service Secretaries allocate functions",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Service materiel/sustainment command",
          "Depot/arsenal Center of Industrial and Technical Excellence"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Military Department working-capital funds",
          "DLA / other Defense Agency working-capital funds",
          "USD(Comptroller)"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary concerned / Secretary of Defense as statute specifies"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Service industrial and supply activities",
          "DLA supply chains",
          "Defense Agency common-service providers"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Private industrial partner",
          "Service legal counsel"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "Statutory CITE organizational responsibilities",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2474&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Designated inventory or industrial/common-service activity",
        "Customer has funds for purpose",
        "Cost recovery, separate accounts and capital subaccounts"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Not authority to conduct arbitrary commercial businesses or make private loans",
        "Outside-DoD work requires independent authority",
        "Minor-construction depot flexibility in §2208(u) extended through Sep.30,2027"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Capitalization/appropriation plus reimbursable customer orders; §2208(k) is specific capital-asset timing authority, not unlimited deficit finance."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "2024 official U.S. Code operative text read; relevant amendments in Pub. L. 119-60 (Dec. 18, 2025), 119-21 and 119-103 examined. Rolling OLRC source consulted where retrievable; transaction-specific later-law and delegation confirmation remains necessary.",
      "family": "Logistics, depots and industrial partnerships"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-25",
      "category": "Organic industrial partnerships",
      "capability": "Partner with private firms at depots and arsenals",
      "summary": "Designated Centers of Industrial and Technical Excellence may execute public-private work-sharing and allow use of underutilized equipment/facilities to sustain skills and reduce ownership costs.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2474",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2474&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2464",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2464&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2466",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2466&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Designating Service Secretary or Secretary of Defense for Defense Agency centers",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Service materiel/sustainment command",
          "Depot/arsenal Center of Industrial and Technical Excellence"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Service working-capital fund and customer appropriations"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary concerned / Secretary of Defense as statute specifies"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Authorized depot/arsenal commander and contracting/finance offices"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Private industrial partner",
          "Service legal counsel"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "Statutory CITE organizational responsibilities",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2474&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Core-competency relationship",
        "No significant adverse readiness effect",
        "Private partner reimburses attributable direct/indirect costs and indemnifies subject to exceptions"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Not blanket outsourcing of inherently governmental/core work",
        "Specific on-site nonfederal work exemption from 50/50 calculation is not repeal of depot restrictions"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Receipts credited to cost-bearing appropriation/fund; statutory facility operations/maintenance/restoration uses."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "2024 official U.S. Code operative text read; relevant amendments in Pub. L. 119-60 (Dec. 18, 2025), 119-21 and 119-103 examined. Rolling OLRC source consulted where retrievable; transaction-specific later-law and delegation confirmation remains necessary.",
      "family": "Logistics, depots and industrial partnerships"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-26",
      "category": "Industrial sales",
      "capability": "Sell government industrial products or services to non-DoD customers",
      "summary": "Designated working-capital industrial facilities may sell articles/services not available from U.S. commercial sources; Army cannon/ammunition facilities use their distinct §7543 route.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2563",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2563&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2208(j)",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2208&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 7543",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section7543&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense; Army Secretary for §7543; Service Secretaries under §2208(j)",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Service materiel/sustainment command",
          "Depot/arsenal Center of Industrial and Technical Excellence"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Service working-capital fund and customer appropriations"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary concerned / Secretary of Defense as statute specifies"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Authorized depot/arsenal commander and contracting/finance offices"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Private industrial partner",
          "Service legal counsel"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "Statutory CITE organizational responsibilities",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2474&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "Navy Technology Partnerships: Work for Private Party routes",
          "url": "https://www.navsea.navy.mil/Home/Warfare-Centers/NUWC-Newport/Partnerships/Technology-Partnerships-Office/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Commercial nonavailability or valid national-security waiver where applicable",
        "No interference with military mission",
        "Substantial in-house performance; indemnity conditions"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Not unrestricted competition with private industry",
        "Export controls continue",
        "Different statutory pathways have different eligibility tests"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Required statutory cost recovery and credit to cost-bearing funds; advance incremental payments permitted under §2563."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "2024 official U.S. Code operative text read; relevant amendments in Pub. L. 119-60 (Dec. 18, 2025), 119-21 and 119-103 examined. Rolling OLRC source consulted where retrievable; transaction-specific later-law and delegation confirmation remains necessary.",
      "family": "Logistics, depots and industrial partnerships"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-27",
      "category": "Industrial property reuse",
      "capability": "Commercialize underused Army ammunition facilities through ARMS",
      "summary": "Make eligible GOCO ammunition facilities available using facility-use contracts, property management, leases and in-kind consideration, maintaining mobilization capacity while lowering ownership cost.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 7551",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section7551&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 7553",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section7553&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 7554",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section7554&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of the Army",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Army ammunition industrial-base program",
          "Joint Munitions Command ARMS team"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Army ARMS program / ammunition industrial-base resource sponsor"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of the Army or authorized delegate"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Army ARMS program, JMC, participating GOCO facility operators"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Commercial tenants / property managers",
          "SBA or USDA administrator only under a credit administration agreement"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "Army Joint Munitions Command: ARMS management/funding/execution chain",
          "url": "https://www.army.mil/article/179219/joint_munitions_command_hosts_first_arms_workshop_at_headquarters"
        },
        {
          "title": "Army 2026 Ammunition and Energetics portfolio: ARMS program",
          "url": "https://jpeoaa.army.mil/Portals/94/Documents/CPE%20AE%202026%20Portfolio%20Book.pdf"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Eligible Government-owned contractor-operated ammunition facility",
        "Commercial use consistent with Army needs and ARMS purposes",
        "Evaluate efficiency, cost and mobilization"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Normal contract terms up to 25 years",
        "Historical extra 25-year option authority applied only to contracts entered by its specified deadline; do not treat as open-ended new-award authority"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "ARMS appropriations for program support; consideration can include improvements, overhead/product-cost reductions or demilitarization services."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "2024 official U.S. Code operative text read; relevant amendments in Pub. L. 119-60 (Dec. 18, 2025), 119-21 and 119-103 examined. Rolling OLRC source consulted where retrievable; transaction-specific later-law and delegation confirmation remains necessary.",
      "family": "Logistics, depots and industrial partnerships"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-28",
      "category": "Industrial credit",
      "capability": "Guarantee commercial tenant loans at eligible Army ammunition facilities",
      "summary": "ARMS expressly permits loan guarantees to establish commercial activity using eligible facilities, potentially administered with SBA or USDA.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 7555",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section7555&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of the Army",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Army ammunition industrial-base program",
          "Joint Munitions Command ARMS team"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Army ARMS program / ammunition industrial-base resource sponsor"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of the Army or authorized delegate"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Army ARMS program, JMC, participating GOCO facility operators"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Commercial tenants / property managers",
          "SBA or USDA administrator only under a credit administration agreement"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "Army 2026 Ammunition and Energetics portfolio: ARMS program",
          "url": "https://jpeoaa.army.mil/Portals/94/Documents/CPE%20AE%202026%20Portfolio%20Book.pdf"
        },
        {
          "title": "Army ARMS statutory guide: loan guarantee program no longer used",
          "url": "https://www.jmc.army.mil/docs/ARMS/ARMS%20Statute%2025-yr%20option%20and%20numbering%20change%206%20Feb%202020.pdf"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Eligible ARMS commercial activity",
        "Advance appropriated subsidy budget authority",
        "Agreement needed for SBA/USDA administration"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Annual guaranteed principal cap $20M per borrower and $320M total",
        "Army ARMS official document describes this credit program as no longer used; statute alone is not proof of operational funding"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Federal Credit Reform Act advance cost appropriation; no current subsidy appropriation verified."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Statutory authority identified; operating loan-guarantee program and present funding not verified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "2024 official U.S. Code operative text read; relevant amendments in Pub. L. 119-60 (Dec. 18, 2025), 119-21 and 119-103 examined. Rolling OLRC source consulted where retrievable; transaction-specific later-law and delegation confirmation remains necessary.",
      "family": "Logistics, depots and industrial partnerships"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-29",
      "category": "Land acquisition",
      "capability": "Buy, accept, exchange or condemn land for authorized military purposes",
      "summary": "Acquire interests needed for authorized military projects; §2663 adds defined-purpose condemnation, limited low-cost/urgent acquisitions, surveys, and advance purchase options.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2663",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2663&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2802",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2802&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2662",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2662&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of military department",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Installation commander and Service facilities/real-estate staff",
          "Service installation secretariat / ASD(EI&E) policy"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Military Department installation budgets / project sponsor"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary concerned or properly delegated real-estate/construction official"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "USACE district real-estate/construction offices",
          "NAVFAC real-estate and facilities engineering commands",
          "AFCEC installations/facility engineering directorates"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Landowners / developers / local governments",
          "Environmental regulators and real-estate counsel"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "Energy, Installations, and Environment: mission and responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.acq.osd.mil/eie/"
        },
        {
          "title": "USACE district real-estate execution: acquisition, management, disposal",
          "url": "https://www.saj.usace.army.mil/About/Divisions-Offices/Real-Estate/"
        },
        {
          "title": "NAVFAC real estate business line: Navy/Marine Corps execution",
          "url": "https://pacific.navfac.navy.mil/Facilities-Engineering-Commands/NAVFAC-Hawaii/About-Us/Our-Services/Real-Estate/"
        },
        {
          "title": "AFCEC organizational responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.afcec.af.mil/About-Us/Organizational-Structure/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Authorized military purpose or specific low-cost/urgent statutory route",
        "Appraisal, title, notice and acquisition findings",
        "Condemnation alternatives/negotiation and 21-day notice, unless vital-security exception"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "No general power to speculate in real estate",
        "Scope/price thresholds and anti-parcel-splitting rules apply",
        "Just compensation and court process for condemnation"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Applicable MILCON/O&M only where section authorizes; options capped at 12% of appraised value."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "2024 official U.S. Code operative text read; relevant amendments in Pub. L. 119-60 (Dec. 18, 2025), 119-21 and 119-103 examined. Rolling OLRC source consulted where retrievable; transaction-specific later-law and delegation confirmation remains necessary.",
      "family": "Property, construction and housing"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-30",
      "category": "Property outleasing",
      "capability": "Lease non-excess defense property for cash or in-kind consideration",
      "summary": "Outlease temporarily unneeded, non-excess property; accept improvements, new facilities, utilities and industrial-equipment contributions as consideration.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2667",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2667&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Service Secretary; Secretary of Defense for Defense Agency property",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Installation commander and Service facilities/real-estate staff",
          "Service installation secretariat / ASD(EI&E) policy"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Military Department installation budgets / project sponsor"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary concerned or properly delegated real-estate/construction official"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "USACE district real-estate/construction offices",
          "NAVFAC real-estate and facilities engineering commands",
          "AFCEC installations/facility engineering directorates"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Landowners / developers / local governments",
          "Environmental regulators and real-estate counsel"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "Energy, Installations, and Environment: mission and responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.acq.osd.mil/eie/"
        },
        {
          "title": "USACE district real-estate execution: acquisition, management, disposal",
          "url": "https://www.saj.usace.army.mil/About/Divisions-Offices/Real-Estate/"
        },
        {
          "title": "NAVFAC real estate business line: Navy/Marine Corps execution",
          "url": "https://pacific.navfac.navy.mil/Facilities-Engineering-Commands/NAVFAC-Hawaii/About-Us/Our-Services/Real-Estate/"
        },
        {
          "title": "AFCEC organizational responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.afcec.af.mil/About-Us/Organizational-Structure/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Defense/public-interest finding",
        "Fair-market-value consideration subject to specific exceptions",
        "Competition for covered leases unless statutory exception applies"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Five-year normal term; longer term requires finding",
        "Not a general sale authority",
        "Leaseback/annual-payment limit $500,000",
        "Oil, mineral and phosphate lands excluded"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Receipts used only through statutory accounts/appropriation rules; at least half ordinarily reserved for originating installation; in-kind consideration has express exemptions from §§2662/2802."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "2024 official U.S. Code operative text read; relevant amendments in Pub. L. 119-60 (Dec. 18, 2025), 119-21 and 119-103 examined. Rolling OLRC source consulted where retrievable; transaction-specific later-law and delegation confirmation remains necessary.",
      "family": "Property, construction and housing"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-31",
      "category": "Rights-of-way",
      "capability": "Grant infrastructure easements across military property",
      "summary": "Grant rights-of-way for transportation, utilities, communications and other advisable purposes on controlled or reserved lands.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2668",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2668&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of military department",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Installation commander and Service facilities/real-estate staff",
          "Service installation secretariat / ASD(EI&E) policy"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Military Department installation budgets / project sponsor"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary concerned or properly delegated real-estate/construction official"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "USACE district real-estate/construction offices",
          "NAVFAC real-estate and facilities engineering commands",
          "AFCEC installations/facility engineering directorates"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Landowners / developers / local governments",
          "Environmental regulators and real-estate counsel"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "Energy, Installations, and Environment: mission and responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.acq.osd.mil/eie/"
        },
        {
          "title": "USACE district real-estate execution: acquisition, management, disposal",
          "url": "https://www.saj.usace.army.mil/About/Divisions-Offices/Real-Estate/"
        },
        {
          "title": "NAVFAC real estate business line: Navy/Marine Corps execution",
          "url": "https://pacific.navfac.navy.mil/Facilities-Engineering-Commands/NAVFAC-Hawaii/About-Us/Our-Services/Real-Estate/"
        },
        {
          "title": "AFCEC organizational responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.afcec.af.mil/About-Us/Organizational-Structure/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Finding not against public interest",
        "Only land necessary for easement",
        "Interior receives copies for public-land grants"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Nonuse/abandonment/noncompliance termination conditions",
        "Grant must protect installation mission; not transfer of full ownership"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Cash/in-kind consideration governed through §2667(c),(e); no free general revenue account."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "2024 official U.S. Code operative text read; relevant amendments in Pub. L. 119-60 (Dec. 18, 2025), 119-21 and 119-103 examined. Rolling OLRC source consulted where retrievable; transaction-specific later-law and delegation confirmation remains necessary.",
      "family": "Property, construction and housing"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-32",
      "category": "Overseas property",
      "capability": "Lease overseas non-family-housing structures and associated land",
      "summary": "Acquire foreign real estate by lease for military purposes without turning every overseas presence need into land ownership.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2675",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2675&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2662",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2662&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of military department",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Installation commander and Service facilities/real-estate staff",
          "Service installation secretariat / ASD(EI&E) policy"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Military Department installation budgets / project sponsor"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary concerned or properly delegated real-estate/construction official"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "USACE district real-estate/construction offices",
          "NAVFAC real-estate and facilities engineering commands",
          "AFCEC installations/facility engineering directorates"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Landowners / developers / local governments",
          "Environmental regulators and real-estate counsel"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "Energy, Installations, and Environment: mission and responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.acq.osd.mil/eie/"
        },
        {
          "title": "USACE district real-estate execution: acquisition, management, disposal",
          "url": "https://www.saj.usace.army.mil/About/Divisions-Offices/Real-Estate/"
        },
        {
          "title": "NAVFAC real estate business line: Navy/Marine Corps execution",
          "url": "https://pacific.navfac.navy.mil/Facilities-Engineering-Commands/NAVFAC-Hawaii/About-Us/Our-Services/Real-Estate/"
        },
        {
          "title": "AFCEC organizational responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.afcec.af.mil/About-Us/Organizational-Structure/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Military-purpose structure/associated property",
        "Real-estate review and applicable host-nation agreements",
        "Notice requirements where triggered"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Generally maximum 10 years; Korea 15 years",
        "Military family housing uses different authority",
        "Does not override host-nation sovereignty"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "O&M or construction appropriations authorized; yearly rent paid from that year’s funds."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "2024 official U.S. Code operative text read; relevant amendments in Pub. L. 119-60 (Dec. 18, 2025), 119-21 and 119-103 examined. Rolling OLRC source consulted where retrievable; transaction-specific later-law and delegation confirmation remains necessary.",
      "family": "Property, construction and housing"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-33",
      "category": "Military construction",
      "capability": "Acquire and construct authorized military facilities",
      "summary": "Undertake congressionally authorized construction, site preparation, land acquisition, utilities and integral equipment, with planning/design authority.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2802",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2802&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2807",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2807&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2851",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2851&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2853",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2853&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-60, §§2808,2872",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary concerned",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Installation commander and Service facilities/real-estate staff",
          "Service installation secretariat / ASD(EI&E) policy"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Military Department installation budgets / project sponsor"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary concerned or properly delegated real-estate/construction official"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "USACE district real-estate/construction offices",
          "NAVFAC real-estate and facilities engineering commands",
          "AFCEC installations/facility engineering directorates"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Landowners / developers / local governments",
          "Environmental regulators and real-estate counsel"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "Energy, Installations, and Environment: mission and responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.acq.osd.mil/eie/"
        },
        {
          "title": "USACE district real-estate execution: acquisition, management, disposal",
          "url": "https://www.saj.usace.army.mil/About/Divisions-Offices/Real-Estate/"
        },
        {
          "title": "NAVFAC real estate business line: Navy/Marine Corps execution",
          "url": "https://pacific.navfac.navy.mil/Facilities-Engineering-Commands/NAVFAC-Hawaii/About-Us/Our-Services/Real-Estate/"
        },
        {
          "title": "AFCEC organizational responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.afcec.af.mil/About-Us/Organizational-Structure/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Project authorized by law and appropriated",
        "Applicable design, scope/cost and supervision rules",
        "FY26 changes permit approved military department or government-agency construction supervision"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "MILCON authority is not permission for any unrelated commercial structure",
        "Material scope/cost changes governed by §2853"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "MILCON appropriations; §2807 design is separately permitted within appropriated amounts; current design-notice threshold amended to $5M."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "2024 official U.S. Code operative text read; relevant amendments in Pub. L. 119-60 (Dec. 18, 2025), 119-21 and 119-103 examined. Rolling OLRC source consulted where retrievable; transaction-specific later-law and delegation confirmation remains necessary.",
      "family": "Property, construction and housing"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-34",
      "category": "Minor construction",
      "capability": "Execute limited unspecified minor military construction",
      "summary": "Carry out minor projects without individual project authorization within statutory aggregate authorization, project thresholds and funding rules.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2805",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2805&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-60, §§2871–2873",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary concerned",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Installation commander and Service facilities/real-estate staff",
          "Service installation secretariat / ASD(EI&E) policy"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Military Department installation budgets / project sponsor"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary concerned or properly delegated real-estate/construction official"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "USACE district real-estate/construction offices",
          "NAVFAC real-estate and facilities engineering commands",
          "AFCEC installations/facility engineering directorates"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Landowners / developers / local governments",
          "Environmental regulators and real-estate counsel"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "Energy, Installations, and Environment: mission and responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.acq.osd.mil/eie/"
        },
        {
          "title": "USACE district real-estate execution: acquisition, management, disposal",
          "url": "https://www.saj.usace.army.mil/About/Divisions-Offices/Real-Estate/"
        },
        {
          "title": "NAVFAC real estate business line: Navy/Marine Corps execution",
          "url": "https://pacific.navfac.navy.mil/Facilities-Engineering-Commands/NAVFAC-Hawaii/About-Us/Our-Services/Real-Estate/"
        },
        {
          "title": "AFCEC organizational responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.afcec.af.mil/About-Us/Organizational-Structure/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Approved-cost ceiling and location adjustment",
        "Advance Secretarial approval over statutory threshold",
        "FY26 >$6M notification within 90 days after obligation replaces old general 14-day waiting rule"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Ordinary approved-cost ceiling $9M and O&M ceiling $4M, subject to statutory adjustments",
        "No new family-housing units",
        "Laboratory provisions have distinct conditions; modernization program moved to §2810(f)"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Authorized minor-MILCON amounts; O&M only within allowed limits and project definitions."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "2024 official U.S. Code operative text read; relevant amendments in Pub. L. 119-60 (Dec. 18, 2025), 119-21 and 119-103 examined. Rolling OLRC source consulted where retrievable; transaction-specific later-law and delegation confirmation remains necessary.",
      "family": "Property, construction and housing"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-35",
      "category": "Urgent construction",
      "capability": "Use tightly conditioned emergency or war construction authorities",
      "summary": "§2803 addresses urgent projects that cannot await next authorization; §2808 covers war or a declared emergency requiring armed forces.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2803",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2803&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2808",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2808&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary concerned for §2803; Secretary of Defense for §2808",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Installation commander and Service facilities/real-estate staff",
          "Service installation secretariat / ASD(EI&E) policy"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Military Department installation budgets / project sponsor"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary concerned or properly delegated real-estate/construction official"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "USACE district real-estate/construction offices",
          "NAVFAC real-estate and facilities engineering commands",
          "AFCEC installations/facility engineering directorates"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Landowners / developers / local governments",
          "Environmental regulators and real-estate counsel"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "Energy, Installations, and Environment: mission and responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.acq.osd.mil/eie/"
        },
        {
          "title": "USACE district real-estate execution: acquisition, management, disposal",
          "url": "https://www.saj.usace.army.mil/About/Divisions-Offices/Real-Estate/"
        },
        {
          "title": "NAVFAC real estate business line: Navy/Marine Corps execution",
          "url": "https://pacific.navfac.navy.mil/Facilities-Engineering-Commands/NAVFAC-Hawaii/About-Us/Our-Services/Real-Estate/"
        },
        {
          "title": "AFCEC organizational responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.afcec.af.mil/About-Us/Organizational-Structure/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "§2803 vital national-security/health/safety/environment and urgency findings; five-day notification",
        "§2808 armed-forces necessity and direct project support; required notifications"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "§2803 $50M annual obligation cap",
        "§2808 emergency total ordinarily $500M, or $100M if only domestic; eligible unobligated cancellation/cost-savings funds only",
        "Not unlimited emergency transfer power"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Existing unobligated MILCON only under each section’s rules; §2808 excludes family housing funds."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "2024 official U.S. Code operative text read; relevant amendments in Pub. L. 119-60 (Dec. 18, 2025), 119-21 and 119-103 examined. Rolling OLRC source consulted where retrievable; transaction-specific later-law and delegation confirmation remains necessary.",
      "family": "Property, construction and housing"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-36",
      "category": "Alternative construction transactions",
      "capability": "Use construction other transactions and successful follow-on awards",
      "summary": "New §2808a permits non-contract/grant/cooperative-agreement transactions for facility construction or repair, including design, prototyping, piloting and execution.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2808a",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2808a&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-60, §2802",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary concerned",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Installation commander and Service facilities/real-estate staff",
          "Service installation secretariat / ASD(EI&E) policy"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Military Department installation budgets / project sponsor"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary concerned or properly delegated real-estate/construction official"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "USACE district real-estate/construction offices",
          "NAVFAC real-estate and facilities engineering commands",
          "AFCEC installations/facility engineering directorates"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Landowners / developers / local governments",
          "Environmental regulators and real-estate counsel"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "Energy, Installations, and Environment: mission and responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.acq.osd.mil/eie/"
        },
        {
          "title": "USACE district real-estate execution: acquisition, management, disposal",
          "url": "https://www.saj.usace.army.mil/About/Divisions-Offices/Real-Estate/"
        },
        {
          "title": "NAVFAC real estate business line: Navy/Marine Corps execution",
          "url": "https://pacific.navfac.navy.mil/Facilities-Engineering-Commands/NAVFAC-Hawaii/About-Us/Our-Services/Real-Estate/"
        },
        {
          "title": "AFCEC organizational responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.afcec.af.mil/About-Us/Organizational-Structure/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "§2853 remains applicable",
        "Notify congressional defense committees at least 14 days before transaction with project/cost/fund/rationale",
        "Noncompetitive follow-on requires originally competitive selection and successful usable facility/improvement"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Separate from emergency §2808; no emergency declaration prerequisite",
        "Express waivers are chapters221/223 and §2851(a), not all law"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Statutorily available MILCON, O&M or RDT&E funds; availability/purpose and CR analysis still required."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "Full enacted FY26 §2802 read; applies to transactions on/after Dec.18,2025.",
      "family": "Property, construction and housing"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-37",
      "category": "Facilities-as-services",
      "capability": "Use long-term facility construction/operation service contracts",
      "summary": "Contract for construction, management and operation of child care, utilities, supply, troop housing, transient quarters, medical and other permitted support facilities.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2809",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2809&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary concerned",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Installation commander and Service facilities/real-estate staff",
          "Service installation secretariat / ASD(EI&E) policy"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Military Department installation budgets / project sponsor"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary concerned or properly delegated real-estate/construction official"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "USACE district real-estate/construction offices",
          "NAVFAC real-estate and facilities engineering commands",
          "AFCEC installations/facility engineering directorates"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Landowners / developers / local governments",
          "Environmental regulators and real-estate counsel"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "Energy, Installations, and Environment: mission and responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.acq.osd.mil/eie/"
        },
        {
          "title": "USACE district real-estate execution: acquisition, management, disposal",
          "url": "https://www.saj.usace.army.mil/About/Divisions-Offices/Real-Estate/"
        },
        {
          "title": "NAVFAC real estate business line: Navy/Marine Corps execution",
          "url": "https://pacific.navfac.navy.mil/Facilities-Engineering-Commands/NAVFAC-Hawaii/About-Us/Our-Services/Real-Estate/"
        },
        {
          "title": "AFCEC organizational responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.afcec.af.mil/About-Us/Organizational-Structure/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Project in budget materials and authorized by law",
        "Cost effectiveness versus conventional means",
        "Competitive award; 14-day congressional notice with economic analysis"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Maximum 32 years excluding construction period",
        "Depot maintenance excluded",
        "Annual future-funding commitment is not itself an obligation"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Payments contingent on appropriations specifically for that year/project."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "2024 official U.S. Code operative text read; relevant amendments in Pub. L. 119-60 (Dec. 18, 2025), 119-21 and 119-103 examined. Rolling OLRC source consulted where retrievable; transaction-specific later-law and delegation confirmation remains necessary.",
      "family": "Property, construction and housing"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-38",
      "category": "Facility repair",
      "capability": "Repair or convert existing facilities with O&M funds",
      "summary": "Restore existing facilities or convert their use without enlarging external dimensions.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2811",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2811&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary concerned",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Installation commander and Service facilities/real-estate staff",
          "Service installation secretariat / ASD(EI&E) policy"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Military Department installation budgets / project sponsor"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary concerned or properly delegated real-estate/construction official"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "USACE district real-estate/construction offices",
          "NAVFAC real-estate and facilities engineering commands",
          "AFCEC installations/facility engineering directorates"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Landowners / developers / local governments",
          "Environmental regulators and real-estate counsel"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "Energy, Installations, and Environment: mission and responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.acq.osd.mil/eie/"
        },
        {
          "title": "USACE district real-estate execution: acquisition, management, disposal",
          "url": "https://www.saj.usace.army.mil/About/Divisions-Offices/Real-Estate/"
        },
        {
          "title": "NAVFAC real estate business line: Navy/Marine Corps execution",
          "url": "https://pacific.navfac.navy.mil/Facilities-Engineering-Commands/NAVFAC-Hawaii/About-Us/Our-Services/Real-Estate/"
        },
        {
          "title": "AFCEC organizational responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.afcec.af.mil/About-Us/Organizational-Structure/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Major repair approval and report over $7.5M",
        "All phases count toward total project cost",
        "Force-structure consistency and repair/replacement cost assessment"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Cannot build new facilities or additions under repair authority",
        "If repair exceeds 75% replacement cost, explain why replacement is not preferred"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "O&M appropriations; no evasion of construction rules by relabeling new construction as repair."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "2024 official U.S. Code operative text read; relevant amendments in Pub. L. 119-60 (Dec. 18, 2025), 119-21 and 119-103 examined. Rolling OLRC source consulted where retrievable; transaction-specific later-law and delegation confirmation remains necessary.",
      "family": "Property, construction and housing"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-39",
      "category": "Housing credit",
      "capability": "Lend to or guarantee loans for military housing developers",
      "summary": "Finance eligible military family or unaccompanied housing acquisitions/construction through direct loans and guarantees.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2873",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2873&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2883",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2883&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary concerned",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Service housing portfolio office / installation housing staff",
          "ASD(EI&E) housing policy"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Family Housing Improvement Fund or Military Unaccompanied Housing Improvement Fund / applicable housing accounts"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary concerned; congressionally required notifications and budget authority"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Service housing privatization and real-estate teams",
          "USACE / NAVFAC / AFCEC as assigned"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Eligible housing developer / private lenders",
          "Residents and installation housing office"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "Energy, Installations, and Environment: mission and responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.acq.osd.mil/eie/"
        },
        {
          "title": "AFCEC organizational responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.afcec.af.mil/About-Us/Organizational-Structure/"
        },
        {
          "title": "NAVFAC real estate business line: Navy/Marine Corps execution",
          "url": "https://pacific.navfac.navy.mil/Facilities-Engineering-Commands/NAVFAC-Hawaii/About-Us/Our-Services/Real-Estate/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Eligible entity and housing suitable for military use",
        "Protective loan terms/default rights",
        "Advance credit-cost budget authority or express appropriations authority"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Guarantee cannot exceed lesser of 80% project value or outstanding principal",
        "Not general commercial real-estate lending"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Housing improvement/financing accounts and Federal Credit Reform Act; no guarantee without credit authority."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "2024 official U.S. Code operative text read; relevant amendments in Pub. L. 119-60 (Dec. 18, 2025), 119-21 and 119-103 examined. Rolling OLRC source consulted where retrievable; transaction-specific later-law and delegation confirmation remains necessary.",
      "family": "Property, construction and housing"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-40",
      "category": "Direct equity and debt investment",
      "capability": "Buy equity, partnership interests or debt in eligible military housing projects",
      "summary": "Express direct investment authority includes stock, other equity instruments, limited-partnership interests and bonds/debt instruments.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2875",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2875&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2883",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2883&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-21, §20001(b)",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ21/html/PLAW-119publ21.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary concerned",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Service housing portfolio office / installation housing staff",
          "ASD(EI&E) housing policy"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Family Housing Improvement Fund or Military Unaccompanied Housing Improvement Fund / applicable housing accounts"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary concerned; congressionally required notifications and budget authority"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Service housing privatization and real-estate teams",
          "USACE / NAVFAC / AFCEC as assigned"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Eligible housing developer / private lenders",
          "Residents and installation housing office"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "Energy, Installations, and Environment: mission and responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.acq.osd.mil/eie/"
        },
        {
          "title": "AFCEC organizational responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.afcec.af.mil/About-Us/Organizational-Structure/"
        },
        {
          "title": "NAVFAC real estate business line: Navy/Marine Corps execution",
          "url": "https://pacific.navfac.navy.mil/Facilities-Engineering-Commands/NAVFAC-Hawaii/About-Us/Our-Services/Real-Estate/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Housing acquisition/construction suitability",
        "Eligible entity and military occupancy/purchase preference agreement",
        "Project capital-cost valuation"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Temporary BOTH cash and land-inclusive investment cap 60% from July4,2025 through Sep30,2029; ordinary caps33⅓%/45% thereafter",
        "This is sector-specific equity authority, not a general venture fund"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Authorized housing funds and current funds controls; temporary higher percentage is not an appropriation."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "§2875 operative text plus Pub.L.119-21 §20001(b) read; OLRC Sept10,2026 entry confirms temporary cap note.",
      "family": "Property, construction and housing"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-41",
      "category": "Housing revenue support",
      "capability": "Guarantee housing occupancy or rental revenue and make differential payments",
      "summary": "Give eligible military housing providers contractual occupancy/revenue assurance or payments supplementing service members’ rent.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2876",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2876&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2877",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2877&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2883",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2883&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary concerned",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Service housing portfolio office / installation housing staff",
          "ASD(EI&E) housing policy"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Family Housing Improvement Fund or Military Unaccompanied Housing Improvement Fund / applicable housing accounts"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary concerned; congressionally required notifications and budget authority"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Service housing privatization and real-estate teams",
          "USACE / NAVFAC / AFCEC as assigned"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Eligible housing developer / private lenders",
          "Residents and installation housing office"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "Energy, Installations, and Environment: mission and responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.acq.osd.mil/eie/"
        },
        {
          "title": "AFCEC organizational responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.afcec.af.mil/About-Us/Organizational-Structure/"
        },
        {
          "title": "NAVFAC real estate business line: Navy/Marine Corps execution",
          "url": "https://pacific.navfac.navy.mil/Facilities-Engineering-Commands/NAVFAC-Hawaii/About-Us/Our-Services/Real-Estate/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Eligible military housing arrangement",
        "Document covered units, revenue terms and permitted fund source"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Housing-specific assurance; not a generalized demand guarantee for any business",
        "Federal contingent liability and appropriations scoring remain"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Applicable housing funds, properly budgeted/scored guarantee commitments and lawful appropriations."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "2024 official U.S. Code operative text read; relevant amendments in Pub. L. 119-60 (Dec. 18, 2025), 119-21 and 119-103 examined. Rolling OLRC source consulted where retrievable; transaction-specific later-law and delegation confirmation remains necessary.",
      "family": "Property, construction and housing"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-42",
      "category": "Housing property partnerships",
      "capability": "Convey or lease land and facilities for military housing privatization",
      "summary": "Transfer or lease existing property to eligible entities and use proceeds for statutory housing-improvement activities.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2878",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2878&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2883",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2883&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2890",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2890&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary concerned",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Service housing portfolio office / installation housing staff",
          "ASD(EI&E) housing policy"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Family Housing Improvement Fund or Military Unaccompanied Housing Improvement Fund / applicable housing accounts"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary concerned; congressionally required notifications and budget authority"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Service housing privatization and real-estate teams",
          "USACE / NAVFAC / AFCEC as assigned"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Eligible housing developer / private lenders",
          "Residents and installation housing office"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "Energy, Installations, and Environment: mission and responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.acq.osd.mil/eie/"
        },
        {
          "title": "AFCEC organizational responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.afcec.af.mil/About-Us/Organizational-Structure/"
        },
        {
          "title": "NAVFAC real estate business line: Navy/Marine Corps execution",
          "url": "https://pacific.navfac.navy.mil/Facilities-Engineering-Commands/NAVFAC-Hawaii/About-Us/Our-Services/Real-Estate/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Military preference agreement; protective terms",
        "Competition conditions for reconveyance/lease",
        "Ground-lease extension notices and portfolio information"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Cannot use for installations approved for closure",
        "Tenant protections and program oversight continue",
        "Exemption from §2667 is housing-specific"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Proceeds/funds only for housing subchapter purposes; not unrestricted receipts."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "2024 official U.S. Code operative text read; relevant amendments in Pub. L. 119-60 (Dec. 18, 2025), 119-21 and 119-103 examined. Rolling OLRC source consulted where retrievable; transaction-specific later-law and delegation confirmation remains necessary.",
      "family": "Property, construction and housing"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-43",
      "category": "Intergovernmental shared services",
      "capability": "Buy, sell or share installation services with State/local/tribal governments",
      "summary": "Enter sole-source IGSAs for services already provided by one party for its own use, seeking mission effectiveness or economies; FY26 expressly includes ordnance disposal.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2679",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2679&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-60, §§2843–2845",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary concerned",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Installation commander and Service facilities/real-estate staff",
          "Service installation secretariat / ASD(EI&E) policy"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Military Department installation budgets / project sponsor"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary concerned or properly delegated real-estate/construction official"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "USACE district real-estate/construction offices",
          "NAVFAC real-estate and facilities engineering commands",
          "AFCEC installations/facility engineering directorates"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Landowners / developers / local governments",
          "Environmental regulators and real-estate counsel"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "Energy, Installations, and Environment: mission and responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.acq.osd.mil/eie/"
        },
        {
          "title": "USACE district real-estate execution: acquisition, management, disposal",
          "url": "https://www.saj.usace.army.mil/About/Divisions-Offices/Real-Estate/"
        },
        {
          "title": "NAVFAC real estate business line: Navy/Marine Corps execution",
          "url": "https://pacific.navfac.navy.mil/Facilities-Engineering-Commands/NAVFAC-Hawaii/About-Us/Our-Services/Real-Estate/"
        },
        {
          "title": "AFCEC organizational responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.afcec.af.mil/About-Us/Organizational-Structure/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Best-interest/efficiency finding",
        "Existing own-use service by provider",
        "Downstream awarded contracts competitive",
        "Annual savings-pilot certification where relevant"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Term up to10years",
        "Security guard and firefighting functions excluded from definition; mutual-aid arrangements preserved",
        "Cannot circumvent A-76",
        "FY26 definition includes Yap and Palau for this purpose"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "O&M for support; reimbursements credited; at least25% savings pilot for approved sustainment/restoration/modernization extended through Sep30,2030."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "2024 official U.S. Code operative text read; relevant amendments in Pub. L. 119-60 (Dec. 18, 2025), 119-21 and 119-103 examined. Rolling OLRC source consulted where retrievable; transaction-specific later-law and delegation confirmation remains necessary.",
      "family": "Energy, environment and communities"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-44",
      "category": "Mission-compatible land conservation",
      "capability": "Cost-share buffers, easements, water rights and resilience with partners",
      "summary": "REPI-type agreements acquire willing-seller interests and support habitat, encroachment avoidance and installation resilience; can match other federal conservation/resilience programs.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2684a",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2684a&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2693",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2693&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense or military department",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Installation commander and Service facilities/real-estate staff",
          "Service installation secretariat / ASD(EI&E) policy"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Military Department installation budgets / project sponsor"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary concerned or properly delegated real-estate/construction official"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "USACE district real-estate/construction offices",
          "NAVFAC real-estate and facilities engineering commands",
          "AFCEC installations/facility engineering directorates"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Landowners / developers / local governments",
          "Environmental regulators and real-estate counsel"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "REPI official program and partnership description",
          "url": "https://www.repi.mil/About-REPI/Frequently-Asked-Questions/"
        },
        {
          "title": "Energy, Installations, and Environment: mission and responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.acq.osd.mil/eie/"
        },
        {
          "title": "USACE district real-estate execution: acquisition, management, disposal",
          "url": "https://www.saj.usace.army.mil/About/Divisions-Offices/Real-Estate/"
        },
        {
          "title": "NAVFAC real estate business line: Navy/Marine Corps execution",
          "url": "https://pacific.navfac.navy.mil/Facilities-Engineering-Commands/NAVFAC-Hawaii/About-Us/Our-Services/Real-Estate/"
        },
        {
          "title": "AFCEC organizational responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.afcec.af.mil/About-Us/Organizational-Structure/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Eligible government or conservation partner",
        "Mission compatibility and owner consent",
        "Fair-market-value/federal-share conditions with specific excess-value notice exception"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Not compulsory conservation taking",
        "Only mission-related scope; interests must protect statutory purpose"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "O&M, or RDT&E for primarily RDT&E installations, as expressly permitted; partner match and long-term management terms documented."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "2024 official U.S. Code operative text read; relevant amendments in Pub. L. 119-60 (Dec. 18, 2025), 119-21 and 119-103 examined. Rolling OLRC source consulted where retrievable; transaction-specific later-law and delegation confirmation remains necessary.",
      "family": "Energy, environment and communities"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-45",
      "category": "Utility privatization",
      "capability": "Convey utility systems and contract for long-term service and upgrades",
      "summary": "Transfer military utility systems to utility entities; procure services and contribute authorized project funds toward system improvements. FY26 broadens post-conveyance monetary contributions.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2688",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2688&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-60, §2842",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of military department",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Installation energy manager",
          "Service energy office / ASD(EI&E)"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Installation utility/O&M accounts or authorized project funds"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary concerned; Secretary of Defense approval when statute requires"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "DLA Energy Installation Energy or Utility Services as appropriate",
          "Service contracting officers / USACE / NAVFAC / AFCEC"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Utility / energy-service company",
          "DOE technical assistance; State utility regulator where required"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DLA Energy organizational business units",
          "url": "https://www.dla.mil/Energy/About/Organization.aspx"
        },
        {
          "title": "Energy, Installations, and Environment: mission and responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.acq.osd.mil/eie/"
        },
        {
          "title": "AFCEC organizational responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.afcec.af.mil/About-Us/Organizational-Structure/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Competition or valid exception",
        "Business-case cost-effectiveness for terms >10 years",
        "Reliability, resilience/cybersecurity, health/safety and utility regulation",
        "Authorized/appropriated improvement project for §2688(k)"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Service terms normally10years, up to50years on finding",
        "Army civil works systems excluded",
        "Utility ownership does not transfer military mission authority"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Utility service appropriations; authorized MILCON contributions under(h)/(k); receipts merged into specified appropriations."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "2024 official U.S. Code operative text read; relevant amendments in Pub. L. 119-60 (Dec. 18, 2025), 119-21 and 119-103 examined. Rolling OLRC source consulted where retrievable; transaction-specific later-law and delegation confirmation remains necessary.",
      "family": "Energy, environment and communities"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-46",
      "category": "Long-term energy purchase",
      "capability": "Anchor on-base or private energy production through long-term contracts",
      "summary": "Procure output and operation of energy-production facilities on controlled or private land; support energy/fuel agreements under incorporated geothermal authority.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2922a",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2922a&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2917",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2917&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Service Secretary with Secretary of Defense approval",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Installation energy manager",
          "Service energy office / ASD(EI&E)"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Installation utility/O&M accounts or authorized project funds"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary concerned; Secretary of Defense approval when statute requires"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "DLA Energy Installation Energy or Utility Services as appropriate",
          "Service contracting officers / USACE / NAVFAC / AFCEC"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Utility / energy-service company",
          "DOE technical assistance; State utility regulator where required"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DLA Energy organizational business units",
          "url": "https://www.dla.mil/Energy/About/Organization.aspx"
        },
        {
          "title": "Energy, Installations, and Environment: mission and responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.acq.osd.mil/eie/"
        },
        {
          "title": "AFCEC organizational responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.afcec.af.mil/About-Us/Organizational-Structure/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Secretary of Defense approval of proposed contract",
        "Include energy security/resilience as critical factors",
        "Appropriate site and utility agreements"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Maximum30year contract",
        "Not unrestricted construction or lending authority",
        "Environmental and technology-specific licensing still apply"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Annual appropriations may pay annual contract costs; project liability and termination provisions require review."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "2024 official U.S. Code operative text read; relevant amendments in Pub. L. 119-60 (Dec. 18, 2025), 119-21 and 119-103 examined. Rolling OLRC source consulted where retrievable; transaction-specific later-law and delegation confirmation remains necessary.",
      "family": "Energy, environment and communities"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-47",
      "category": "Performance-based energy finance",
      "capability": "Finance efficiency improvements through energy savings performance contracts",
      "summary": "Private contractor finances conservation equipment/services in return for a share of guaranteed savings; agencies may combine appropriations and private financing.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "42 U.S.C. § 8287",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section8287&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "42 U.S.C. § 8287a",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section8287a&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2913(a)",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2913&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Federal agency head; Secretary of Defense/authorized contracting officials",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Installation energy manager",
          "Service energy office / ASD(EI&E)"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Installation utility/O&M accounts or authorized project funds"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary concerned; Secretary of Defense approval when statute requires"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "DLA Energy Installation Energy or Utility Services as appropriate",
          "Service contracting officers / USACE / NAVFAC / AFCEC"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Utility / energy-service company",
          "DOE technical assistance; State utility regulator where required"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DLA Energy organizational business units",
          "url": "https://www.dla.mil/Energy/About/Organization.aspx"
        },
        {
          "title": "Energy, Installations, and Environment: mission and responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.acq.osd.mil/eie/"
        },
        {
          "title": "AFCEC organizational responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.afcec.af.mil/About-Us/Organizational-Structure/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Guaranteed savings exceed debt service",
        "Annual audits/measurement and verification",
        "First-year funds adequate; statutory competitive selection"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Maximum25years",
        "Annual utility-plus-contractor payment cannot exceed without-project baseline",
        "Not general infrastructure debt borrowing"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Payments from authorized energy/related O&M resources; permitted incentives/credits/grid revenues may support contract."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "2024 official U.S. Code operative text read; relevant amendments in Pub. L. 119-60 (Dec. 18, 2025), 119-21 and 119-103 examined. Rolling OLRC source consulted where retrievable; transaction-specific later-law and delegation confirmation remains necessary.",
      "family": "Energy, environment and communities"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-48",
      "category": "Utility conservation partnerships",
      "capability": "Accept utility rebates and obtain utility-financed conservation improvements",
      "summary": "Participate in demand/conservation programs, accept generally available incentives, and let utilities advance eligible design/implementation costs for repayment.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2913(b)-(d)",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2913&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense; authorized Service Secretary",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Installation energy manager",
          "Service energy office / ASD(EI&E)"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Installation utility/O&M accounts or authorized project funds"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary concerned; Secretary of Defense approval when statute requires"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "DLA Energy Installation Energy or Utility Services as appropriate",
          "Service contracting officers / USACE / NAVFAC / AFCEC"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Utility / energy-service company",
          "DOE technical assistance; State utility regulator where required"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DLA Energy organizational business units",
          "url": "https://www.dla.mil/Energy/About/Organization.aspx"
        },
        {
          "title": "Energy, Installations, and Environment: mission and responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.acq.osd.mil/eie/"
        },
        {
          "title": "AFCEC organizational responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.afcec.af.mil/About-Us/Organizational-Structure/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Cost-effective conservation/demand program",
        "Repayment terms no less favorable than utility’s most favored customer",
        "Government title to installed devices at agreed point"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Incentives must be generally available and consistent with statutory goals",
        "Not unrestricted private gift acceptance or loan borrowing"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Repayment subject to appropriations from utility-service funds; authorized incentives accepted."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "2024 official U.S. Code operative text read; relevant amendments in Pub. L. 119-60 (Dec. 18, 2025), 119-21 and 119-103 examined. Rolling OLRC source consulted where retrievable; transaction-specific later-law and delegation confirmation remains necessary.",
      "family": "Energy, environment and communities"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-49",
      "category": "Energy sales and retained proceeds",
      "capability": "Sell electricity from alternate-energy and cogeneration facilities",
      "summary": "Sell or authorize contractor sale of qualifying generation to utilities and credit proceeds to specified energy accounts.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2916",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2916&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of military department",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Installation energy manager",
          "Service energy office / ASD(EI&E)"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Installation utility/O&M accounts or authorized project funds"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary concerned; Secretary of Defense approval when statute requires"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "DLA Energy Installation Energy or Utility Services as appropriate",
          "Service contracting officers / USACE / NAVFAC / AFCEC"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Utility / energy-service company",
          "DOE technical assistance; State utility regulator where required"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DLA Energy organizational business units",
          "url": "https://www.dla.mil/Energy/About/Organization.aspx"
        },
        {
          "title": "Energy, Installations, and Environment: mission and responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.acq.osd.mil/eie/"
        },
        {
          "title": "AFCEC organizational responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.afcec.af.mil/About-Us/Organizational-Structure/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Qualifying energy/cogeneration facility or land under jurisdiction",
        "Prices/terms consistent with applicable utility law",
        "Congressional notice for funded construction"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Not general commercial power enterprise authority",
        "Geothermal receipts split50/50 with installation special account under statute"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Receipts to energy appropriation; construction uses subject to appropriations and14day notification; geothermal installation uses restricted."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "2024 official U.S. Code operative text read; relevant amendments in Pub. L. 119-60 (Dec. 18, 2025), 119-21 and 119-103 examined. Rolling OLRC source consulted where retrievable; transaction-specific later-law and delegation confirmation remains necessary.",
      "family": "Energy, environment and communities"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-50",
      "category": "Real-property exchange",
      "capability": "Exchange military land for other property or qualifying acquisition",
      "summary": "Trade real property for other land/interests or encroachment-mitigation acquisition; an expanded services/facility exchange pilot depends on its guidance-triggered window.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2869",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2869&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2684a",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2684a&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary concerned",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Installation commander and Service facilities/real-estate staff",
          "Service installation secretariat / ASD(EI&E) policy"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Military Department installation budgets / project sponsor"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary concerned or properly delegated real-estate/construction official"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "USACE district real-estate/construction offices",
          "NAVFAC real-estate and facilities engineering commands",
          "AFCEC installations/facility engineering directorates"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Landowners / developers / local governments",
          "Environmental regulators and real-estate counsel"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "Energy, Installations, and Environment: mission and responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.acq.osd.mil/eie/"
        },
        {
          "title": "USACE district real-estate execution: acquisition, management, disposal",
          "url": "https://www.saj.usace.army.mil/About/Divisions-Offices/Real-Estate/"
        },
        {
          "title": "NAVFAC real estate business line: Navy/Marine Corps execution",
          "url": "https://pacific.navfac.navy.mil/Facilities-Engineering-Commands/NAVFAC-Hawaii/About-Us/Our-Services/Real-Estate/"
        },
        {
          "title": "AFCEC organizational responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.afcec.af.mil/About-Us/Organizational-Structure/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Advantage-to-U.S. or applicable BRAC property",
        "Equivalent fair-market value or cash equalization, subject to narrow zoning exception",
        "Public and congressional notice;14or45day statutory wait"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "BRAC exchanges consistent with redevelopment plan",
        "Services/new-facility exchange is eight-year pilot from guidance issuance; current window not established here"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Property-value exchange; equalization receipts to specified foreign-currency-fluctuation construction appropriation, subject to appropriation rules."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Core land-exchange route conditional and extant; expanded services/facility pilot currentness unresolved pending guidance date.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "2024 official U.S. Code operative text read; relevant amendments in Pub. L. 119-60 (Dec. 18, 2025), 119-21 and 119-103 examined. Rolling OLRC source consulted where retrievable; transaction-specific later-law and delegation confirmation remains necessary.",
      "family": "Property, construction and housing"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-51",
      "category": "Surplus disposal",
      "capability": "Sell, transfer or donate excess/surplus defense property through disposal pathways",
      "summary": "Dispose of property through GSA-administered or delegated processes and specific defense conservation/BRAC authorities, using competitive sales or statutory public-benefit transfers.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "40 U.S.C. § 541",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title40-section541&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "40 U.S.C. § 545",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title40-section545&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "40 U.S.C. § 550",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title40-section550&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2694a",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2694a&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2662",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2662&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "GSA Administrator for general surplus regime; Service Secretary for specific defense conveyances",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Installation commander and Service facilities/real-estate staff",
          "Service installation secretariat / ASD(EI&E) policy"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Military Department installation budgets / project sponsor"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary concerned or properly delegated real-estate/construction official"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "USACE district real-estate/construction offices",
          "NAVFAC real-estate and facilities engineering commands",
          "AFCEC installations/facility engineering directorates"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "GSA disposal officials",
          "EPA / State environmental regulators",
          "State/local or eligible nonprofit transferees"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "Energy, Installations, and Environment: mission and responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.acq.osd.mil/eie/"
        },
        {
          "title": "USACE district real-estate execution: acquisition, management, disposal",
          "url": "https://www.saj.usace.army.mil/About/Divisions-Offices/Real-Estate/"
        },
        {
          "title": "NAVFAC real estate business line: Navy/Marine Corps execution",
          "url": "https://pacific.navfac.navy.mil/Facilities-Engineering-Commands/NAVFAC-Hawaii/About-Us/Our-Services/Real-Estate/"
        },
        {
          "title": "AFCEC organizational responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.afcec.af.mil/About-Us/Organizational-Structure/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Excess/surplus screening and applicable disposal delegation",
        "Advertising or valid negotiated/public-benefit exception",
        "Conservation transfers require eligible recipient and perpetual-use/reversion protections"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "DoD does not freely sell any needed asset or retain any proceeds",
        "BRAC, environmental and homeless-assistance conditions may apply; exceptions action-specific"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Receipts handled under controlling disposal/appropriation law; no general self-financing authority."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "2024 official U.S. Code operative text read; relevant amendments in Pub. L. 119-60 (Dec. 18, 2025), 119-21 and 119-103 examined. Rolling OLRC source consulted where retrievable; transaction-specific later-law and delegation confirmation remains necessary.",
      "family": "Property, construction and housing"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-52",
      "category": "Environmental restoration",
      "capability": "Fund cleanup and contract/cooperate for defense environmental remediation",
      "summary": "Carry out Defense Environmental Restoration Program, including offsite contamination and eligible former/Guard sites; obtain services from agencies, tribes, owners of covenant property and conservation nonprofits.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2701",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2701&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2703",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2703&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "42 U.S.C. § 9620",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section9620&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-60, §324",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense; designated OSD program office",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Installation commander and Service facilities/real-estate staff",
          "Service installation secretariat / ASD(EI&E) policy"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Military Department installation budgets / project sponsor"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary concerned or properly delegated real-estate/construction official"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "USACE district real-estate/construction offices",
          "NAVFAC real-estate and facilities engineering commands",
          "AFCEC installations/facility engineering directorates"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Landowners / developers / local governments",
          "Environmental regulators and real-estate counsel"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "Energy, Installations, and Environment: mission and responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.acq.osd.mil/eie/"
        },
        {
          "title": "AFCEC organizational responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.afcec.af.mil/About-Us/Organizational-Structure/"
        },
        {
          "title": "USACE district real-estate execution: acquisition, management, disposal",
          "url": "https://www.saj.usace.army.mil/About/Divisions-Offices/Real-Estate/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Defense-related site/response responsibility",
        "Consult EPA; CERCLA federal-facility requirements",
        "Reimbursement agreement generally no more than2years except BRAC",
        "FY26 PFAS destruction/disposal technologies must be cost-effective and regulator-permitted/approved"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Cannot reimburse regulatory enforcement through §2701(d)",
        "Agreement cannot change legal cleanup standards",
        "Not universal environmental waiver"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Environmental restoration/BRAC and other legally available accounts; §2703 restrictions apply."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "2024 official U.S. Code operative text read; relevant amendments in Pub. L. 119-60 (Dec. 18, 2025), 119-21 and 119-103 examined. Rolling OLRC source consulted where retrievable; transaction-specific later-law and delegation confirmation remains necessary.",
      "family": "Energy, environment and communities"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-53",
      "category": "Community economic adjustment",
      "capability": "Support defense-dependent communities, industrial diversification and workforce infrastructure",
      "summary": "Grant and cooperate with affected communities for reuse, adjustment, diversification, encroachment/resilience, public infrastructure and defense-industrial workforce support.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2391(a)-(c)",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2391&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-60, §2805",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Installation and affected community",
          "Office of Local Defense Community Cooperation"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "OLDCC program appropriations and authorized nonfederal share"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense / authorized OLDCC official"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "OLDCC grants officials and State/local grantees"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "State and local governments",
          "Eligible nonprofit member-owned utilities",
          "Commerce / other grant agencies where relevant"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "OLDCC Defense Community Infrastructure Program",
          "url": "https://oldcc.mil/our-programs/defense-community-infrastructure-program"
        },
        {
          "title": "Energy, Installations, and Environment: mission and responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.acq.osd.mil/eie/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Applicable impact/dependency or mission-risk finding",
        "Program criteria and nonfederal share where required",
        "FY26 expressly includes health care, housing and defense-critical infrastructure/services in §2391(b)(5)(B)(iv)"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Not a general nationwide economic development program",
        "Expansion thresholds and program-specific eligibility apply"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "OLDCC appropriations; diversification implementation generally10% nonfederal share; selected funds may count toward other federal grant matching as statute permits."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "2024 official U.S. Code operative text read; relevant amendments in Pub. L. 119-60 (Dec. 18, 2025), 119-21 and 119-103 examined. Rolling OLRC source consulted where retrievable; transaction-specific later-law and delegation confirmation remains necessary.",
      "family": "Energy, environment and communities"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-54",
      "category": "Defense-community infrastructure",
      "capability": "Co-fund civilian infrastructure supporting installation readiness and quality of life",
      "summary": "Provide grants/cooperative agreements for community transport, schools, hospitals, utilities, emergency-response and other facilities, including FY26 demolition additions.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2391(d)-(f)",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2391&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-60, §§2806–2807",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense; OLDCC executes",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Installation and affected community",
          "Office of Local Defense Community Cooperation"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "OLDCC program appropriations and authorized nonfederal share"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense / authorized OLDCC official"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "OLDCC grants officials and State/local grantees"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "State and local governments",
          "Eligible nonprofit member-owned utilities",
          "Commerce / other grant agencies where relevant"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "OLDCC Defense Community Infrastructure Program",
          "url": "https://oldcc.mil/our-programs/defense-community-infrastructure-program"
        },
        {
          "title": "Energy, Installations, and Environment: mission and responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.acq.osd.mil/eie/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Eligible State/local or nonprofit member-owned utility applicant and qualifying location/ownership",
        "Selection criteria and ordinarily30% contribution with statutory rural/national-security relief"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "FY26 two-year temporary priorities and allocation rules apply",
        "Not direct subsidy to any private developer merely near a base"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Program appropriations; may remain available until expended where appropriated accordingly; appropriations allocation and grant competition still required."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Conditional legal pathway; current funding, required determinations, and actual delegation not certified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "2024 official U.S. Code operative text read; relevant amendments in Pub. L. 119-60 (Dec. 18, 2025), 119-21 and 119-103 examined. Rolling OLRC source consulted where retrievable; transaction-specific later-law and delegation confirmation remains necessary.",
      "family": "Energy, environment and communities"
    },
    {
      "id": "IND-55",
      "category": "Contractor financing-cost recovery",
      "capability": "Allow covered private borrowing costs in production and sustainment contracts",
      "summary": "A discretionary pilot permits reasonable market-rate interest, bond discounts and capital refinancing costs to become allowable and allocable direct or indirect costs for covered inventory-management and capacity-expansion contracts. The financing is supplied by an independent financing entity; this is not a new DoD direct-loan or guarantee program.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-60, §803",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 3761",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section3761&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Pilot Program for Financing for Covered Activities note"
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "DoD acquisition and program sponsors",
          "Defense Pricing, Contracting, and Acquisition Policy / Price, Cost and Finance directorate (relevant policy office; pilot-specific assignment unverified)"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Component covered-contract budget and resource sponsor"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense for pilot establishment; authorized officials under any resulting implementation"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Covered-contract contracting and pricing teams under implemented pilot"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Independent financing entity",
          "Contractor and subcontractors",
          "Material/inventory audit officials",
          "Congressional defense committees"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DPCAP Price, Cost and Finance directorate responsibilities",
          "url": "https://www.acq.osd.mil/asda/dpc/pcf/index.html"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Secretary establishes pilot after briefing congressional defense committees on material/inventory audit compliance",
        "Covered activity manages production or sustainment inventories, or materially expands production/sustainment capacity through capital expenditure",
        "Cost paid to independent Federal/State-organized financing entity engaged in financing business; not under common control with borrower",
        "Financing costs reasonable and consistent with market rates; material/inventory management audit requirements satisfied"
      ],
      "limits": [
        "No authorization of financing-cost treatment for covered contracts entered on or after Dec.31,2029",
        "Government termination liability capped at funding obligated when terminated",
        "Financing entity is not a subcontractor solely by participating",
        "Pilot establishment and current implementation guidance not verified"
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Contract payments subject to availability of appropriations for purpose; financing-cost allowability does not itself provide funds or create government credit subsidy authority."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Requirement sponsor → named planning office → resource owner and counsel → statutory approving official → authorized executing/contracting office.",
      "availability": "Enacted discretionary pilot authority; establishment, implementing procedures and transaction funding must be verified.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory permission; execution roles are organizational routing, not verified individual delegations.",
      "currentness": "Full enacted FY26 NDAA §803 read; applies only to covered contracts entered before Dec.31,2029. Report due Feb.15,2028 if pilot established.",
      "family": "Industrial capacity, capital and credit"
    },
    {
      "id": "INT-01",
      "category": "International research and acquisition",
      "capability": "Jointly research and develop conventional defense technology with allies and friendly partners",
      "summary": "Enter cooperative R&D agreements, share cash and noncash project costs, and acquire domestic or foreign equipment for side-by-side testing.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2350a",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2350a&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense; conventional-capability and unequal-cost-sharing determinations delegable only to listed senior officials.",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Service acquisition program/laboratory international-cooperation staff",
          "CCMD capability sponsor"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Military Department or Defense Agency program manager and comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense or validly delegated official",
          "Department of State where statute or agreement process requires"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Service international programs offices and warranted contracting/agreement officers",
          "Relevant program executive office or laboratory"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "USD(A&S), USD(R&E), USD(P)/DTSA",
          "Foreign defense ministries or NATO organizations"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DSCA Security Assistance Management Manual, chapter 1: roles and implementing agencies",
          "url": "https://samm.dsca.mil/chapter/chapter-1"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Eligible NATO, major non-NATO ally, friendly-country or EU participant; formal agreement.",
        "Determine improvement of common conventional defense capabilities through emerging technology.",
        "Other friendly-country agreement: congressional report and 30-day wait.",
        "Equitable cost sharing, or written strategic-value determination for unequal sharing."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Partner may not fund its contribution with U.S. military/economic assistance.",
        "Project funds under this authority may not procure equipment/services from foreign entities; distinguish the separately authorized testing acquisition in subsection (g).",
        "Side-by-side testing can qualify as competition for follow-on procurement within the statutory five-year window; not unlimited sole-source authority."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "U.S. share needs available purpose-appropriate funds; foreign shares may use §2350i."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Capability sponsor → Service international armaments office/program manager → R&E/A&S and foreign-disclosure review → authorized senior finding/agreement → funded execution.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; conditional on the listed findings, approvals, eligible purpose and actual available funds. Not an obligation-ready certification.",
      "confidence": "High on express statutory capability; execution/delegation and currently available resources require program-specific confirmation.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 U.S. Code baseline read; relevant FY2026 NDAA (Pub. L. 119-60, enacted 2025-12-18) amendments reviewed. Target 2026-10-02; source-specific OLRC checks and remaining delta are documented in international.md. No certification of current funds or executed delegations. OLRC indexed §2350a text through 2026-09-20 corroborates EU participation and unequal cost-sharing rules.",
      "family": "International business, logistics and investment"
    },
    {
      "id": "INT-02",
      "category": "International research and acquisition",
      "capability": "Reciprocally use foreign and U.S. defense test facilities",
      "summary": "Agree to reciprocal testing of defense equipment and collect reimbursement for U.S. facility support.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2350l",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2350l&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense with Secretary of State concurrence.",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Service acquisition program/laboratory international-cooperation staff",
          "CCMD capability sponsor"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Military Department or Defense Agency program manager and comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense or validly delegated official",
          "Department of State where statute or agreement process requires"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Military Department/Defense Agency test center and agreement/financial offices"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "USD(A&S), USD(R&E), USD(P)/DTSA",
          "Foreign defense ministries or NATO organizations"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DSCA Security Assistance Management Manual, chapter 1: roles and implementing agencies",
          "url": "https://samm.dsca.mil/chapter/chapter-1"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Formal reciprocal-use agreement.",
        "Charge direct costs; indirect-cost charges only as agreement specifies.",
        "SecDef indirect-cost determination; delegation restricted to Deputy Secretary and one other official."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Not a general right for any foreign commercial firm to use ranges without a government/international-organization agreement.",
        "Technology release, security and environmental constraints remain."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Reimbursements credited to accounts that paid U.S. costs."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Test requirement → test center/international office → State concurrence and cost schedule → agreement → reimbursable tests.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; conditional on the listed findings, approvals, eligible purpose and actual available funds. Not an obligation-ready certification.",
      "confidence": "High on express statutory capability; execution/delegation and currently available resources require program-specific confirmation.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 U.S. Code baseline read; relevant FY2026 NDAA (Pub. L. 119-60, enacted 2025-12-18) amendments reviewed. Target 2026-10-02; source-specific OLRC checks and remaining delta are documented in international.md. No certification of current funds or executed delegations.",
      "family": "International business, logistics and investment"
    },
    {
      "id": "INT-03",
      "category": "International research and acquisition",
      "capability": "Co-develop, co-produce and jointly procure defense articles through international project agreements",
      "summary": "Use cooperative-project contracting, partner procurement and project property-disposal arrangements; NATO support/procurement partnerships separately permit common acquisition including armaments.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "22 U.S.C. § 2767",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2767&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2350b",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2350b&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2350d",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2350d&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "President under AECA; Secretary of Defense for delegated AECA projects and NATO support/procurement partnerships.",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Service acquisition program/laboratory international-cooperation staff",
          "CCMD capability sponsor"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Military Department or Defense Agency program manager and comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense or validly delegated official",
          "Department of State where statute or agreement process requires"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Service international programs offices and warranted contracting/agreement officers",
          "Relevant program executive office or laboratory"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "USD(A&S), USD(R&E), USD(P)/DTSA",
          "Foreign defense ministries or NATO organizations"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DSCA Security Assistance Management Manual, chapter 1: roles and implementing agencies",
          "url": "https://samm.dsca.mil/chapter/chapter-1"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Written jointly managed project and equitable costs/results; State supervision under §2752.",
        "AECA congressional certification normally at least 30 days before agreement.",
        "For designated-source contracting or waiver, statutory findings and notices; confirm actual Presidential/DoD delegation."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "§2350b waiver does not waive AECA, competition provision itself, Treasury financial-management responsibilities or cargo-preference laws.",
        "Foreign procurement generally remains competitive with U.S. sources eligible unless validly waived.",
        "NATO acquisition support is not an unrestricted channel for domestic procurements."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Partners commit funds in time to cover their obligations and cancellation liabilities.",
        "U.S. share needs available appropriations; §2350i receipts remain earmarked for contributing participant share."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Program requirement → A&S/Service international programs → State/DTSA → cooperative agreement and funding commitments → appointed lead procurement authority.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; conditional on the listed findings, approvals, eligible purpose and actual available funds. Not an obligation-ready certification.",
      "confidence": "High on express statutory capability; execution/delegation and currently available resources require program-specific confirmation.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 U.S. Code baseline read; relevant FY2026 NDAA (Pub. L. 119-60, enacted 2025-12-18) amendments reviewed. Target 2026-10-02; source-specific OLRC checks and remaining delta are documented in international.md. No certification of current funds or executed delegations. §§2350b/d retain legacy acquisition cross-references; read with current Title 10 acquisition recodification.",
      "family": "International business, logistics and investment"
    },
    {
      "id": "INT-04",
      "category": "International logistics",
      "capability": "Acquire, sell, loan or exchange reciprocal logistics support through ACSAs",
      "summary": "Acquire foreign logistics support and enter cross-servicing agreements to exchange eligible supplies/services by reimbursement, replacement-in-kind or equal-value exchange.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2341",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2341&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2342",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2342&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2344",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2344&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2347",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2347&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2350",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2350&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense; commanders act within an authorized agreement/delegation, not by mission statement alone.",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "CCMD J4 and Service logistics planners"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Supported Service/Defense Agency logistics account and comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense/authorized ACSA officials",
          "Secretary of State consultation"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "CCMD/Service authorized ACSA order officials",
          "DLA and supporting logistics organizations"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Eligible foreign government/NATO/UN/regional organization",
          "Joint Staff and USD(A&S)/USD(P) oversight"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DSCA Security Assistance Management Manual, chapter 1: roles and implementing agencies",
          "url": "https://samm.dsca.mil/chapter/chapter-1"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Eligible counterparty and statutory country designation; non-NATO designation/agreement notifications and 30-day waits.",
        "Item fits §2350 logistics definition; pricing, accounting and liquidation requirements."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Cannot buy from foreign government what is reasonably available from U.S. commercial sources.",
        "Cannot use an ACSA to route support to a country/organization lacking the required agreement.",
        "Not general major-weapons sales authority, a grant program, or authorization for hostilities.",
        "Inventory increases and accrued credit/liability ceilings governed by §§2347-2348, subject to statutory operational exceptions."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Available appropriations for acquisitions; reimbursements or authorized in-kind/equal-value settlement.",
        "Statutory credit ceilings are not cash appropriations."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Logistics requirement → J4/Service ACSA manager → eligibility/agreement/order authorization → price and fiscal approval → delivery, invoice and reconciliation.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; conditional on the listed findings, approvals, eligible purpose and actual available funds. Not an obligation-ready certification.",
      "confidence": "High on express statutory capability; execution/delegation and currently available resources require program-specific confirmation.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 U.S. Code baseline read; relevant FY2026 NDAA (Pub. L. 119-60, enacted 2025-12-18) amendments reviewed. Target 2026-10-02; source-specific OLRC checks and remaining delta are documented in international.md. No certification of current funds or executed delegations.",
      "family": "International business, logistics and investment"
    },
    {
      "id": "INT-05",
      "category": "International contributions",
      "capability": "Receive and spend foreign contributions to joint defense projects",
      "summary": "Credit participating foreign-country or NATO cash contributions to DoD appropriations and use them for that participant’s project expenses.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2350i",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2350i&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense.",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Service acquisition program/laboratory international-cooperation staff",
          "CCMD capability sponsor"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Military Department or Defense Agency program manager and comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense or validly delegated official",
          "Department of State where statute or agreement process requires"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Service international programs offices and warranted contracting/agreement officers",
          "Relevant program executive office or laboratory"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "USD(A&S), USD(R&E), USD(P)/DTSA",
          "Foreign defense ministries or NATO organizations"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DSCA Security Assistance Management Manual, chapter 1: roles and implementing agencies",
          "url": "https://samm.dsca.mil/chapter/chapter-1"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Written jointly managed cost-sharing cooperative project improving conventional defense capabilities.",
        "Allocate the foreign participant’s share and identify appropriate receiving DoD account."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Receipts only pay contributing participant’s project share, not unrelated U.S. program needs.",
        "Receipt authority does not independently authorize the underlying project."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "May pay contractors, program overhead, claims/cancellation expenses and participant refunds attributable to its share."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "International agreement → program business/financial manager → designated receiving account → participant-specific project accounting.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; conditional on the listed findings, approvals, eligible purpose and actual available funds. Not an obligation-ready certification.",
      "confidence": "High on express statutory capability; execution/delegation and currently available resources require program-specific confirmation.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 U.S. Code baseline read; relevant FY2026 NDAA (Pub. L. 119-60, enacted 2025-12-18) amendments reviewed. Target 2026-10-02; source-specific OLRC checks and remaining delta are documented in international.md. No certification of current funds or executed delegations.",
      "family": "International business, logistics and investment"
    },
    {
      "id": "INT-06",
      "category": "International contributions",
      "capability": "Accept host-nation property, services and supplies for U.S. forces",
      "summary": "Accept and use real property or its use, supplies and services under mutual-defense/occupation arrangements, plus customary reciprocal courtesies.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2350g",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2350g&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense.",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "CCMD posture planners",
          "Service installation/logistics sponsor"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Host nation in-kind contribution",
          "Supported Service resource owner"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense/authorized official"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Service installation, logistics and real-property offices"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Department of State and host government",
          "GAO audit oversight"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DSCA Security Assistance Management Manual, chapter 1: roles and implementing agencies",
          "url": "https://samm.dsca.mil/chapter/chapter-1"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Support an armed-forces element in the contributing country.",
        "Qualifying mutual-defense/occupation arrangement or customary no-charge courtesy."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "May not use contributions to evade a prohibition or limitation on the supported program.",
        "Separate real-property, construction and agreement issues must be reconciled; not free authority to accept every private donation."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "In-kind support; GAO periodic audits of accepted money/property."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Posture/installation need → Service and embassy agreement staff → authority and restriction review → documented acceptance and inventory control.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; conditional on the listed findings, approvals, eligible purpose and actual available funds. Not an obligation-ready certification.",
      "confidence": "High on express statutory capability; execution/delegation and currently available resources require program-specific confirmation.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 U.S. Code baseline read; relevant FY2026 NDAA (Pub. L. 119-60, enacted 2025-12-18) amendments reviewed. Target 2026-10-02; source-specific OLRC checks and remaining delta are documented in international.md. No certification of current funds or executed delegations.",
      "family": "International business, logistics and investment"
    },
    {
      "id": "INT-07",
      "category": "International contributions",
      "capability": "Use foreign burden-sharing cash for infrastructure and deployed support",
      "summary": "Accept designated-country/regional-organization cash for local labor, construction, supplies/services and specified NATO deployed/rotational support, including costs in another country.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2350j",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2350j&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-60, § 1246",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Expands eligible costs and third-country use."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense after consultation with Secretary of State; Service Secretary may construct with SecDef approval.",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "CCMD posture planners",
          "Service installation/logistics sponsors"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Country/organization-specific contribution account"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense and State consultation",
          "Secretary of a military department with SecDef approval for construction"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Service construction agents such as USACE/NAVFAC and supporting logistics offices"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Contributing government or regional organization",
          "Congressional defense committees"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DSCA Security Assistance Management Manual, chapter 1: roles and implementing agencies",
          "url": "https://samm.dsca.mil/chapter/chapter-1"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Designate contributor with State consultation; separate accounts and purpose alignment.",
        "Construction not otherwise authorized requires report and normally 14-day wait; emergency exception has its own notice."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "NATO deployed-support category excludes U.S. military pay, allowances and normal benefits.",
        "Contributed amounts cannot simply be repurposed to unrestricted departmental use."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Contributions remain available until expended for specified statutory purposes.",
        "No assumption a host nation has offered or funded a contribution."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "CCMD posture need → host-nation negotiation/State → SecDef acceptance → Service project/fiscal office → congressional process → execute.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; conditional on the listed findings, approvals, eligible purpose and actual available funds. Not an obligation-ready certification.",
      "confidence": "High on express statutory capability; execution/delegation and currently available resources require program-specific confirmation.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 U.S. Code baseline read; relevant FY2026 NDAA (Pub. L. 119-60, enacted 2025-12-18) amendments reviewed. Target 2026-10-02; source-specific OLRC checks and remaining delta are documented in international.md. No certification of current funds or executed delegations. FY26 §1246 amendment read directly; OLRC §2350j index dated 2026-09-18 corroborates current section.",
      "family": "International business, logistics and investment"
    },
    {
      "id": "INT-08",
      "category": "International contributions",
      "capability": "Finance relocation of U.S. forces with host-nation contributions",
      "summary": "Accept host-nation cash, irrevocable letters of credit or blocked-account drawing rights to fund force relocation within that nation.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2350k",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2350k&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense.",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "CCMD posture and Service basing planners"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Separate host-nation relocation account or qualifying credit arrangement"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense/authorized accepting official"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Service construction, logistics and financial offices"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Host government",
          "Treasury for acceptable financial arrangements",
          "Embassy"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DSCA Security Assistance Management Manual, chapter 1: roles and implementing agencies",
          "url": "https://samm.dsca.mil/chapter/chapter-1"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Contribution tied to relocation from or to a location within contributing nation.",
        "Costs directly relate to relocation; maintain separate accounts."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Cannot fund unrelated missions; personnel-cost category excludes military personnel salary."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Eligible costs include design/construction, transport, communications, administrative and civilian personnel costs.",
        "Cash held in Treasury trust fund pending expenditure; statutory interest treatment."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Relocation agreement → costed project → acceptance/fiscal structure → Service execution and accounting.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; conditional on the listed findings, approvals, eligible purpose and actual available funds. Not an obligation-ready certification.",
      "confidence": "High on express statutory capability; execution/delegation and currently available resources require program-specific confirmation.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 U.S. Code baseline read; relevant FY2026 NDAA (Pub. L. 119-60, enacted 2025-12-18) amendments reviewed. Target 2026-10-02; source-specific OLRC checks and remaining delta are documented in international.md. No certification of current funds or executed delegations.",
      "family": "International business, logistics and investment"
    },
    {
      "id": "INT-09",
      "category": "International infrastructure",
      "capability": "Execute NATO common-funded infrastructure and accept project contributions",
      "summary": "Accept U.S. host-nation designation for NATO Security Investment Program projects and use NATO/member contributions and qualifying U.S. NSIP funds.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2350q",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2350q&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense; designated DoD construction agent receives specified obligation authority.",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "NATO project planners",
          "CCMD/Service infrastructure sponsor"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "NATO project contribution account",
          "U.S. NSIP appropriation"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense",
          "NATO project authorization"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "SecDef-designated construction agent, typically relevant Service construction organization"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "NATO and participating member governments"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DSCA Security Assistance Management Manual, chapter 1: roles and implementing agencies",
          "url": "https://samm.dsca.mil/chapter/chapter-1"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "United States designated host nation for project.",
        "NATO-authorized expenditures; project-account and reimbursement rules."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Not generic authority to finance any foreign construction project.",
        "Additional U.S. funding for uncovered costs requires national-interest determination and available NSIP military-construction funds."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Contributions available until expended.",
        "Designated construction agent may recognize NATO project authorization as budgetary resources under subsection(d)."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "NATO requirement/authorization → U.S. acceptance → construction agent/funding account → contract/project controls → contribution reconciliation.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; conditional on the listed findings, approvals, eligible purpose and actual available funds. Not an obligation-ready certification.",
      "confidence": "High on express statutory capability; execution/delegation and currently available resources require program-specific confirmation.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 U.S. Code baseline read; relevant FY2026 NDAA (Pub. L. 119-60, enacted 2025-12-18) amendments reviewed. Target 2026-10-02; source-specific OLRC checks and remaining delta are documented in international.md. No certification of current funds or executed delegations.",
      "family": "International business, logistics and investment"
    },
    {
      "id": "INT-10",
      "category": "International investment",
      "capability": "Contribute to a multinational dual-use venture capital fund",
      "summary": "Make a specifically authorized contribution to the NATO Innovation Fund, rather than infer a general authority to invest equity.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2350s",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2350s&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense.",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Service acquisition program/laboratory international-cooperation staff",
          "CCMD capability sponsor"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Military Department or Defense Agency program manager and comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense or validly delegated official",
          "Department of State where statute or agreement process requires"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Designated DoD contribution administrator; current implementation owner not verified",
          "NATO Innovation Fund as external fund manager"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "USD(A&S), USD(R&E), USD(P)/DTSA",
          "Foreign defense ministries or NATO organizations"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DSCA Security Assistance Management Manual, chapter 1: roles and implementing agencies",
          "url": "https://samm.dsca.mil/chapter/chapter-1"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Amounts must be authorized by law for this purpose.",
        "Five-year period following FY2025 NDAA enactment (2024-12-23); aggregate statutory ceiling $200 million."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "This is fund-contribution authority, not a general permission for every DoD office to buy company shares.",
        "No conclusion that an appropriation, participation agreement or investment commitment currently exists."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Needs purpose-available authorized and appropriated funding; statutory ceiling does not supply cash."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Investment policy/resource sponsor → SecDef counsel/comptroller → verify specific authorization/funding and fund terms → contribution.",
      "availability": "Express time-limited statutory route; current U.S. participation, delegated administrator and funded amount were not established in this public-source review.",
      "confidence": "High on express statutory capability; execution/delegation and currently available resources require program-specific confirmation.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 U.S. Code baseline read; relevant FY2026 NDAA (Pub. L. 119-60, enacted 2025-12-18) amendments reviewed. Target 2026-10-02; source-specific OLRC checks and remaining delta are documented in international.md. No certification of current funds or executed delegations.",
      "family": "International business, logistics and investment"
    },
    {
      "id": "INT-11",
      "category": "International logistics",
      "capability": "Pool allied transport, patient-movement and communications services",
      "summary": "Enter tailored reciprocal transportation and patient-movement arrangements, including SEOS and ATARES participation. Separately exchange allied communications support and related supplies/services for equivalent value.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2350c",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2350c&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2350m",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2350m&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2350o",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2350o&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2350p",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2350p&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2350f",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2350f&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense, with Secretary of State concurrence where prescribed.",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "USTRANSCOM and geographic CCMD logistics/medical planners"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Participating Service/transportation O&M or applicable account"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense and Secretary of State",
          "Patient-movement credential certification by SecDef"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "USTRANSCOM/Service transport and medical organizations under approved arrangements",
          "DISA/Service communications support offices for §2350f arrangements"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Movement Coordination Centre Europe",
          "Eligible partner governments"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DSCA Security Assistance Management Manual, chapter 1: roles and implementing agencies",
          "url": "https://samm.dsca.mil/chapter/chapter-1"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Select correct tailored agreement; equitable costs, exchange balances and notifications.",
        "Patient movement requires comparable-or-better credentials/standards, 15-day certification notice and annual recertification.",
        "§2350c allied airlift normally uses spare peacetime capacity, equal reimbursement rates and liquidation at least every 12 months; defense-sale delivery charged full transportation cost.",
        "§2350f communications arrangement needs State approval, term at most five years, annual reconciliations and final cash liquidation within 30 days after term."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Different statutes are not interchangeable.",
        "SEOS does not waive U.S. sealift cargo preference; ATARES has statutory executed-flight-hour limits.",
        "Suspend patient-movement use if required recertification cannot be made."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Transport recurring/nonrecurring operating costs from authorized accounts; reciprocal exchanges and properly credited reimbursements.",
        "§2350f liabilities charged to applicable communications appropriation at reconciliation; receipts credited to providing appropriation."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Transport/medical requirement → USTRANSCOM/Service → international and clinical credential review → approved agreement and funded exchange accounting.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; conditional on the listed findings, approvals, eligible purpose and actual available funds. Not an obligation-ready certification.",
      "confidence": "High on express statutory capability; execution/delegation and currently available resources require program-specific confirmation.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 U.S. Code baseline read; relevant FY2026 NDAA (Pub. L. 119-60, enacted 2025-12-18) amendments reviewed. Target 2026-10-02; source-specific OLRC checks and remaining delta are documented in international.md. No certification of current funds or executed delegations.",
      "family": "International business, logistics and investment"
    },
    {
      "id": "INT-12",
      "category": "International medical cooperation",
      "capability": "Partner across Five Eyes military medical research, logistics and care interoperability",
      "summary": "Enter Five Eyes agreements covering medical R&D/trials, education, credentialing, biodefense, logistics and patient movement.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2350t",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2350t&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-60, § 715",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "New codified authority and agreement/activity reporting."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense.",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "ASD(Health Affairs), Defense Health Agency and Service medical sponsors"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Relevant medical RDT&E/O&M or other authorized program appropriation"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense or documented authorized agreement official"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "DHA/Service medical research and operational medical organizations"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Australia, Canada, New Zealand, United Kingdom defense-medical authorities",
          "State/foreign-disclosure partners as applicable"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DSCA Security Assistance Management Manual, chapter 1: roles and implementing agencies",
          "url": "https://samm.dsca.mil/chapter/chapter-1"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Bilateral/multilateral MOU or formal agreement with listed Five Eyes countries.",
        "Annual statutory reporting on agreements/activities and additional areas SecDef designates."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Agreement authority alone does not waive drug regulation, human-subject rules, licensing or fiscal law.",
        "Does not itself provide money."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Program-specific available funding; no contribution or loan authority inferred beyond express text."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Medical capability need → DHA/Service research or operational sponsor → agreement/legal/fiscal review → Five Eyes arrangement → accountable execution.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; conditional on the listed findings, approvals, eligible purpose and actual available funds. Not an obligation-ready certification.",
      "confidence": "High on express statutory capability; execution/delegation and currently available resources require program-specific confirmation.",
      "currentness": "New §2350t enacted in Pub. L. 119-60 §715 on 2025-12-18; enacted text read. First annual report due one year after enactment. Later amendment delta not certified.",
      "family": "International business, logistics and investment"
    },
    {
      "id": "INT-13",
      "category": "International logistics innovation",
      "capability": "Contract for allied overseas repair and prototype distributed product support",
      "summary": "Demonstrate and field contested-logistics support, shared parts, prepositioning and advanced manufacturing near point of use through existing contracting, partnership and OT authorities. The Overseas Workload Program separately permits NATO/MNNA firms to compete for overseas DoD maintenance, repair and overhaul.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 118-31, § 842",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-118publ31/html/PLAW-118publ31.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "As amended by Pub. L.118-159 §821 and Pub. L.119-60 §§871-872; 10 USC2341 note."
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-60, § 871",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-60, § 872",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2349",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2349&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense.",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Service acquisition program/laboratory international-cooperation staff",
          "CCMD capability sponsor"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Military Department or Defense Agency program manager and comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense or validly delegated official",
          "Department of State where statute or agreement process requires"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Service product-support managers and program offices",
          "CCMD logistics sponsors",
          "Qualified U.S./covered-nation public or private product-support providers"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "USD(A&S), USD(R&E), USD(P)/DTSA",
          "Foreign defense ministries or NATO organizations"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DSCA Security Assistance Management Manual, chapter 1: roles and implementing agencies",
          "url": "https://samm.dsca.mil/chapter/chapter-1"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Covered-nation/provider eligibility; prepare product-support arrangement.",
        "Use §§2342,2474,3601,4021 or4022 within their limits and AECA§3.",
        "Identify statutory, regulatory, policy and fiscal impediments and responsible waiver officials.",
        "For §2349: eligible NATO/MNNA firm, DoD equipment outside U.S., competitive Overseas Workload Program procurement."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Program does not blanket-waive domestic depot, export-control or fiscal restrictions.",
        "Authority ends 2030-12-31 as amended; joint exercise requirement begins by 2027-09-30.",
        "§2349 permits theater or firm-country performance, but Service Secretary may limit geography for readiness or treaty reasons; the separate statutory eligibility rule does not expire with the pilot."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Underlying instrument and purpose-appropriate available program funds required; no unrestricted international revolving fund created."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "CCMD sustainment problem → Service product-support manager → international provider/arrangement → choose lawful instrument/waiver if available → funded demonstration.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; conditional on the listed findings, approvals, eligible purpose and actual available funds. Not an obligation-ready certification.",
      "confidence": "High on express statutory capability; execution/delegation and currently available resources require program-specific confirmation.",
      "currentness": "2024 Code statutory-note text read, incorporating FY25§821; FY26 NDAA §§871-872 directly read and applied (sunset 2030-12-31).",
      "family": "International business, logistics and investment"
    },
    {
      "id": "INT-14",
      "category": "Security cooperation",
      "capability": "Train, equip and sustain foreign national security forces for enumerated missions",
      "summary": "Build partner capacity with defense articles/services, training, supplies and small-scale construction for nine listed missions, including military intelligence and defensive cyber.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 333",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section333&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 362",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section362&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 382",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section382&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-60, § 1202",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense with Secretary of State concurrence; DSCA administers subject to lawful designations.",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Geographic or functional CCMD security-cooperation planners",
          "Embassy SCO and Chief of Mission country team"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "DSCA and the specified program appropriation holder",
          "Service/Defense Agency comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense or documented authorized delegate",
          "Secretary of State where required"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "DSCA-designated implementing agency",
          "Army DASA(DE&C)/USASAC; Navy NIPO and systems commands; Air Force SAF/IA and implementing program offices as applicable"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Foreign partner government",
          "Department of State",
          "Export-control/foreign-disclosure officials"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DSCA Security Assistance Management Manual, chapter 1: roles and implementing agencies",
          "url": "https://samm.dsca.mil/chapter/chapter-1"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Joint Defense-State development/planning and coordinated implementation.",
        "Required human-rights, law-of-armed-conflict, rule-of-law/civilian-control and institutional-capacity elements and certifications.",
        "Unit eligibility/Leahy review; 15-day notice, absorption and sustainment assessments."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Limited statutory mission menu; not unrestricted economic aid.",
        "Other legal prohibitions remain; extended sustainment beyond five years needs added justification/transition information.",
        "Construction above statutory reporting threshold needs project details and masterplan."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Sole source: O&M, Defense-wide amounts available to DSCA for these programs.",
        "As amended, amounts available in FY2025 or later may support programs beginning that year through end of third fiscal year thereafter; check actual appropriation availability."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "CCMD/SCO requirements → joint State planning → DSCA implementing agency design/cost/sustainment → concurrence/certification/notice → funded case execution.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; conditional on the listed findings, approvals, eligible purpose and actual available funds. Not an obligation-ready certification.",
      "confidence": "High on express statutory capability; execution/delegation and currently available resources require program-specific confirmation.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 U.S. Code baseline read; relevant FY2026 NDAA (Pub. L. 119-60, enacted 2025-12-18) amendments reviewed. Target 2026-10-02; source-specific OLRC checks and remaining delta are documented in international.md. No certification of current funds or executed delegations. §333(g)(2) FY26 amendment changes amounts MADE available to amounts AVAILABLE; direct enacted text checked.",
      "family": "Security cooperation, assistance and education"
    },
    {
      "id": "INT-15",
      "category": "Security cooperation",
      "capability": "Support partner operations with logistics, equipment loans, training and small construction",
      "summary": "Provide support for SecDef-designated coalition, combined, military or stability operations within statutory categories.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 331",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section331&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense with Secretary of State concurrence.",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Geographic or functional CCMD security-cooperation planners",
          "Embassy SCO and Chief of Mission country team"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "DSCA and the specified program appropriation holder",
          "Service/Defense Agency comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense or documented authorized delegate",
          "Secretary of State where required"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "DSCA-designated implementing agency",
          "Army DASA(DE&C)/USASAC; Navy NIPO and systems commands; Air Force SAF/IA and implementing program offices as applicable"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Foreign partner government",
          "Department of State",
          "Export-control/foreign-disclosure officials"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DSCA Security Assistance Management Manual, chapter 1: roles and implementing agencies",
          "url": "https://samm.dsca.mil/chapter/chapter-1"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Designate operation and notify Congress; annual continuing-designation review.",
        "Where United States not participating, joint Defense-State national-interest certification and 15-day wait."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "No support otherwise prohibited by law.",
        "Equipment-loan, interoperability and construction categories have particular recipient/purpose/geography conditions.",
        "Aggregate ceilings differ by category; this is not a general foreign grant fund."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Applicable O&M/program funds and statutory value ceilings; resource availability not certified."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "CCMD operational requirement → State/DSCA/Service design → SecDef designation and necessary certifications → logistics or loan execution.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; conditional on the listed findings, approvals, eligible purpose and actual available funds. Not an obligation-ready certification.",
      "confidence": "High on express statutory capability; execution/delegation and currently available resources require program-specific confirmation.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 U.S. Code baseline read; relevant FY2026 NDAA (Pub. L. 119-60, enacted 2025-12-18) amendments reviewed. Target 2026-10-02; source-specific OLRC checks and remaining delta are documented in international.md. No certification of current funds or executed delegations.",
      "family": "Security cooperation, assistance and education"
    },
    {
      "id": "INT-16",
      "category": "Security cooperation",
      "capability": "Strengthen partner defense financial management and institutions",
      "summary": "Assign advisors/trainers to build ministries’ governance, internal controls, resource-management and core defense competencies.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 332",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section332&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense with Secretary of State concurrence.",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Geographic or functional CCMD security-cooperation planners",
          "Embassy SCO and Chief of Mission country team"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "DSCA and the specified program appropriation holder",
          "Service/Defense Agency comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense or documented authorized delegate",
          "Secretary of State where required"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "DSCA and Defense Security Cooperation University institutional-capacity-building implementers",
          "Assigned DoD civilian/military advisors and approved support contractors"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Foreign partner government",
          "Department of State",
          "Export-control/foreign-disclosure officials"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DSCA Security Assistance Management Manual, chapter 1: roles and implementing agencies",
          "url": "https://samm.dsca.mil/chapter/chapter-1"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Eligible foreign ministry/security oversight institution or regional security organization.",
        "State concurrence; 15-day notice before regional-organization advisor assignments.",
        "Annual activity/reporting requirements."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Defense institution remit, not general economic administration of foreign countries.",
        "Advice authority does not authorize moving partner money or replacing their sovereign decision-making."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Available program funds; assignment/training support costs within authorized program."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "SCO/CCMD institutional diagnosis → DSCA institutional-capacity-building team → State concurrence and work plan → advisor/training support.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; conditional on the listed findings, approvals, eligible purpose and actual available funds. Not an obligation-ready certification.",
      "confidence": "High on express statutory capability; execution/delegation and currently available resources require program-specific confirmation.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 U.S. Code baseline read; relevant FY2026 NDAA (Pub. L. 119-60, enacted 2025-12-18) amendments reviewed. Target 2026-10-02; source-specific OLRC checks and remaining delta are documented in international.md. No certification of current funds or executed delegations.",
      "family": "Security cooperation, assistance and education"
    },
    {
      "id": "INT-17",
      "category": "Security cooperation",
      "capability": "Pay for combined training and exercises and partner incremental expenses",
      "summary": "Train U.S. forces with friendly military or similar-function national security forces and pay permitted exercise, partner and small-construction costs; special-operations training has a separate path.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 321",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section321&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 322",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section322&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-60, § 1201",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Military Department Secretary or combatant commander for §321 payments; designated combatant commanders for §322, within SecDef-approved procedures.",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Geographic or functional CCMD security-cooperation planners",
          "Embassy SCO and Chief of Mission country team"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Training/exercise Service or CCMD available funds"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense prior approval under prescribed regulations",
          "Service Secretary or combatant commander statutory payment authority"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Service units and exercise contracting/support offices",
          "USSOCOM/theater special operations commands for §322"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Foreign partner government",
          "Department of State",
          "Export-control/foreign-disclosure officials"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DSCA Security Assistance Management Manual, chapter 1: roles and implementing agencies",
          "url": "https://samm.dsca.mil/chapter/chapter-1"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Primary purpose is training U.S. forces (SOF for §322).",
        "Partner incremental-expense eligibility; developing-country restrictions/exception under §321 regulations.",
        "Required fiscal controls and reports."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Not substitute for §333 partner-capacity assistance where principal purpose differs.",
        "FY26 law removed general-purpose-force military-only restriction but retained comparable-function national-security-force qualification."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "§321 allows covered activities spanning into next fiscal year; check actual funds.",
        "Partner incremental expenses do not become general salary/budget support."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Exercise sponsor → CCMD/Service counsel and comptroller → identify §321 vs322 purpose/recipient → SecDef approval → authorized payments and reporting.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; conditional on the listed findings, approvals, eligible purpose and actual available funds. Not an obligation-ready certification.",
      "confidence": "High on express statutory capability; execution/delegation and currently available resources require program-specific confirmation.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo2024 §§321-322 read; Pub. L.119-60 §1201 directly applied: revised eligible forces and payment categories; quarterly retrospective report replaces prospective schedule.",
      "family": "Security cooperation, assistance and education"
    },
    {
      "id": "INT-18",
      "category": "Security cooperation",
      "capability": "Exchange defense personnel and pay eligible foreign-partner liaison/travel expenses",
      "summary": "Reciprocal or nonreciprocal exchanges, R&D assignments to supporting foreign industry, and narrowly eligible cooperation travel/liaison support.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 311",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section311&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 312",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section312&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 334",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section334&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 335",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section335&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense; specific request/coordination requirements vary.",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Geographic or functional CCMD security-cooperation planners",
          "Embassy SCO and Chief of Mission country team"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "DSCA and the specified program appropriation holder",
          "Service/Defense Agency comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense or documented authorized delegate",
          "Secretary of State where required"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Service personnel/international offices",
          "Host headquarters support and travel offices"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Foreign partner government",
          "Department of State",
          "Export-control/foreign-disclosure officials"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DSCA Security Assistance Management Manual, chapter 1: roles and implementing agencies",
          "url": "https://samm.dsca.mil/chapter/chapter-1"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Exchange acceptable to parties; State concurrence for specified non-defense/international organizations and foreign-industry R&D assignment.",
        "Normally each government pays its own personnel, with specified host costs excepted.",
        "Apply developing-country, extraordinary-circumstance and program-specific travel conditions."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "No oath of allegiance or official capacity in host government under §311.",
        "Liaison support, UN Command expenses and Colombia training expenses are bounded categories, not generalized gifts."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Available eligible funds and travel ceilings; §312 liaison annual monetary limit applies."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Headquarters/Service requirement → personnel/international agreement → appropriate State coordination → travel/support office with fiscal eligibility check.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; conditional on the listed findings, approvals, eligible purpose and actual available funds. Not an obligation-ready certification.",
      "confidence": "High on express statutory capability; execution/delegation and currently available resources require program-specific confirmation.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 U.S. Code baseline read; relevant FY2026 NDAA (Pub. L. 119-60, enacted 2025-12-18) amendments reviewed. Target 2026-10-02; source-specific OLRC checks and remaining delta are documented in international.md. No certification of current funds or executed delegations.",
      "family": "Security cooperation, assistance and education"
    },
    {
      "id": "INT-19",
      "category": "Security cooperation",
      "capability": "Conduct National Guard State Partnerships and share activity costs",
      "summary": "Establish National Guard partnerships with foreign military, security and disaster/emergency organizations and pay eligible U.S. and foreign incremental costs.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 341",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section341&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-60, § 1206",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "FY2026 NDAA enacted December 18, 2025."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense with Secretary of State concurrence; Chief of National Guard Bureau designates state/territory coordinators.",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Geographic or functional CCMD security-cooperation planners",
          "Embassy SCO and Chief of Mission country team"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "DoD/National Guard funds legally available for program"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense or documented authorized delegate",
          "Secretary of State where required"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "National Guard Bureau",
          "State/territory National Guard partnership coordinators"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Foreign partner government",
          "Department of State",
          "Export-control/foreign-disclosure officials"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DSCA Security Assistance Management Manual, chapter 1: roles and implementing agencies",
          "url": "https://samm.dsca.mil/chapter/chapter-1"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "National-security-interest finding and 15-day notice for covered nonmilitary-security/disaster activities.",
        "Members participating abroad must be in active-duty armed-forces status under this authority.",
        "Unit human-rights restriction §362 applies.",
        "FY26 §1206 requires partnership selection analysis to account for existing State partnerships and Guard capacity."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Not authority for State governments independently to conduct U.S. foreign policy.",
        "Foreign incremental-expense aggregate statutory cap applies."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Available DoD/Guard program appropriations; foreign expense cap is not an allocation."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "SCO/CCMD partnership priority → NGB/state coordinator → Defense-State approval → eligible status and funded activity.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; conditional on the listed findings, approvals, eligible purpose and actual available funds. Not an obligation-ready certification.",
      "confidence": "High on express statutory capability; execution/delegation and currently available resources require program-specific confirmation.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 U.S. Code baseline read; relevant FY2026 NDAA (Pub. L. 119-60, enacted 2025-12-18) amendments reviewed. Target 2026-10-02; source-specific OLRC checks and remaining delta are documented in international.md. No certification of current funds or executed delegations. FY26 §1206 statutory selection-analysis requirement read.",
      "family": "Security cooperation, assistance and education"
    },
    {
      "id": "INT-20",
      "category": "Security assistance sales",
      "capability": "Sell DoD stocks or procure defense articles/services for foreign customers",
      "summary": "Government-to-government sales from stocks and procurement for cash sales, with recipient undertakings to meet costs and cancellation liabilities.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "22 U.S.C. § 2761",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2761&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "22 U.S.C. § 2762",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2762&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "22 U.S.C. § 2752",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2752&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "22 U.S.C. § 2753",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2753&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 382",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section382&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "President and Secretary of State statutory policy/supervision roles; DoD/DSCA executes authorized delegated sales.",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Geographic or functional CCMD security-cooperation planners",
          "Embassy SCO and Chief of Mission country team"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "DSCA and the specified program appropriation holder",
          "Service/Defense Agency comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense or documented authorized delegate",
          "Secretary of State where required"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "DSCA-designated implementing agency",
          "Army DASA(DE&C)/USASAC; Navy NIPO and systems commands; Air Force SAF/IA and implementing program offices as applicable"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Foreign partner government",
          "Department of State",
          "Export-control/foreign-disclosure officials"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DSCA Security Assistance Management Manual, chapter 1: roles and implementing agencies",
          "url": "https://samm.dsca.mil/chapter/chapter-1"
        },
        {
          "title": "DSCA SAMM chapter 2: security cooperation organizations and case managers",
          "url": "https://samm.dsca.mil/chapter/chapter-2"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Eligible country/organization and end-use/retransfer assurances.",
        "Price, advance-payment/dependable-undertaking rules; applicable §2776 congressional review.",
        "Review combat readiness, release/security and export conditions."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Not unilateral DoD foreign-policy financing discretion.",
        "Personnel performing sold defense services may not perform combatant duties under §2761(c).",
        "No presumption of authority to subsidize a purchaser’s costs."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Purchaser/authorized assistance financing; relevant FMS trust/admin accounts and cost recovery."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Partner/SCO request → IA case design and release → State/DSCA approvals/congressional process → LOA funding → Service/Agency contracting and delivery.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; conditional on the listed findings, approvals, eligible purpose and actual available funds. Not an obligation-ready certification.",
      "confidence": "High on express statutory capability; execution/delegation and currently available resources require program-specific confirmation.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 U.S. Code baseline read; relevant FY2026 NDAA (Pub. L. 119-60, enacted 2025-12-18) amendments reviewed. Target 2026-10-02; source-specific OLRC checks and remaining delta are documented in international.md. No certification of current funds or executed delegations.",
      "family": "Security cooperation, assistance and education"
    },
    {
      "id": "INT-21",
      "category": "Security assistance finance",
      "capability": "Arrange authorized foreign military credit and loan guarantees",
      "summary": "Finance foreign defense procurement and guarantee eligible financing through Presidential/State-supervised statutory programs administered with DoD support.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "22 U.S.C. § 2763",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2763&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "22 U.S.C. § 2764",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2764&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "22 U.S.C. § 2752",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2752&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "President under AECA; State policy/supervision and delegated administration, with DSCA execution role.",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Geographic or functional CCMD security-cooperation planners",
          "Embassy SCO and Chief of Mission country team"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Specifically provided FMF/credit subsidy and administrative resources",
          "Treasury/financing institutions as required"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "President/authorized delegate and Department of State",
          "Applicable credit-program approvals"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "DSCA foreign-military-financing and financial offices",
          "Implementing agency contracting/case offices"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Foreign partner government",
          "Department of State",
          "Export-control/foreign-disclosure officials"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DSCA Security Assistance Management Manual, chapter 1: roles and implementing agencies",
          "url": "https://samm.dsca.mil/chapter/chapter-1"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Friendly-country or organization defense procurement; specific financing terms and statutory repayment/interest rules unless later country-specific law controls.",
        "Guarantee fees and applicable Federal credit-budget requirements."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Not authority for DoD to give any foreign firm a loan or guarantee for any national-security purpose.",
        "Annual appropriations/country restrictions and cash-flow financing notices may control."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Credit/guarantee ceiling and subsidy resources must be legally available; no current credit capacity inferred."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Partner need → State financing policy and resource allocation → DSCA finance/counsel → authorized loan/guarantee agreement → procurement and repayment oversight.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; conditional on the listed findings, approvals, eligible purpose and actual available funds. Not an obligation-ready certification.",
      "confidence": "High on express statutory capability; execution/delegation and currently available resources require program-specific confirmation.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 U.S. Code baseline read; relevant FY2026 NDAA (Pub. L. 119-60, enacted 2025-12-18) amendments reviewed. Target 2026-10-02; source-specific OLRC checks and remaining delta are documented in international.md. No certification of current funds or executed delegations.",
      "family": "Security cooperation, assistance and education"
    },
    {
      "id": "INT-22",
      "category": "Security assistance leasing",
      "capability": "Lease or loan defense articles to foreign partners",
      "summary": "Provide temporary access to qualifying DoD stocks under AECA leasing or separate authorized assistance-loan pathways.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "22 U.S.C. § 2796",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2796&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "22 U.S.C. § 2796a",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2796a&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "22 U.S.C. § 2796b",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2796b&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "President, with statutory State supervision and authorized DoD execution.",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Geographic or functional CCMD security-cooperation planners",
          "Embassy SCO and Chief of Mission country team"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "DSCA and the specified program appropriation holder",
          "Service/Defense Agency comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense or documented authorized delegate",
          "Secretary of State where required"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "DSCA-designated implementing agency",
          "Army DASA(DE&C)/USASAC; Navy NIPO and systems commands; Air Force SAF/IA and implementing program offices as applicable"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Foreign partner government",
          "Department of State",
          "Export-control/foreign-disclosure officials"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DSCA Security Assistance Management Manual, chapter 1: roles and implementing agencies",
          "url": "https://samm.dsca.mil/chapter/chapter-1"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Compelling reasons for lease rather than sale; articles not currently needed for public use.",
        "Industrial-base effects considered; cost/depreciation/damage-return terms unless specific exception.",
        "Congressional certification and 15/30-day wait for leases of one year or more."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Normally maximum five years plus specified refurbishment period; President can terminate and demand return.",
        "Cannot use ordinary 10 USC2667 property lease authority as substitute for foreign defense-article lease."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Lessee payment of specified costs subject to narrow statutory exceptions; U.S. expenditures still require funds."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Partner gap → Service stock/readiness review → DSCA/State and required finding → Congress → lease and custody/end-use control.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; conditional on the listed findings, approvals, eligible purpose and actual available funds. Not an obligation-ready certification.",
      "confidence": "High on express statutory capability; execution/delegation and currently available resources require program-specific confirmation.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 U.S. Code baseline read; relevant FY2026 NDAA (Pub. L. 119-60, enacted 2025-12-18) amendments reviewed. Target 2026-10-02; source-specific OLRC checks and remaining delta are documented in international.md. No certification of current funds or executed delegations.",
      "family": "Security cooperation, assistance and education"
    },
    {
      "id": "INT-23",
      "category": "Security assistance transfers",
      "capability": "Transfer excess articles or draw down existing resources for authorized partner needs",
      "summary": "Use excess-defense-article grants/sales or Presidential drawdowns under distinct statutory triggers.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "22 U.S.C. § 2321j",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2321j&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "22 U.S.C. § 2318",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2318&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "President; State supervision and DoD implementing agencies.",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Geographic or functional CCMD security-cooperation planners",
          "Embassy SCO and Chief of Mission country team"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "DSCA and the specified program appropriation holder",
          "Service/Defense Agency comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "President/authorized delegate",
          "State and applicable congressional notification"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "DSCA and Service/DLA property owners",
          "Supporting transportation and training organizations"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Foreign partner government",
          "Department of State",
          "Export-control/foreign-disclosure officials"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DSCA Security Assistance Management Manual, chapter 1: roles and implementing agencies",
          "url": "https://samm.dsca.mil/chapter/chapter-1"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "EDA drawn from existing stocks; readiness/industrial-base findings and recipient justification.",
        "Drawdown emergency/national-interest or Taiwan-specific statutory branch must fit; applicable notices and ceilings."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "EDA is not authority to buy new equipment for transfer from DoD procurement funds.",
        "EDA crating/transport costs have restrictions and limited exception.",
        "Drawdown authorization does not automatically fund replacement of U.S. stocks."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Value ceilings and replacement/transport appropriations separate; country-specific supplemental law may modify general ceilings."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Strategic requirement → State/President pathway choice → Service inventory/readiness → DSCA transfer case → transport/end-use/accountability.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; conditional on the listed findings, approvals, eligible purpose and actual available funds. Not an obligation-ready certification.",
      "confidence": "High on express statutory capability; execution/delegation and currently available resources require program-specific confirmation.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 U.S. Code baseline read; relevant FY2026 NDAA (Pub. L. 119-60, enacted 2025-12-18) amendments reviewed. Target 2026-10-02; source-specific OLRC checks and remaining delta are documented in international.md. No certification of current funds or executed delegations.",
      "family": "Security cooperation, assistance and education"
    },
    {
      "id": "INT-24",
      "category": "Foreign humanitarian assistance",
      "capability": "Provide civilian humanitarian and civic support with military operations",
      "summary": "Perform limited medical/veterinary care, rudimentary public works, water/sanitation and related assistance serving basic civilian needs; broader humanitarian assistance has a separate funding pathway.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 401",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section401&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2561",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2561&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Military Department Secretary under §401 regulations and Secretary of State approval; SecDef for §2561.",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Geographic or functional CCMD security-cooperation planners",
          "Embassy SCO and Chief of Mission country team"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "DSCA and the specified program appropriation holder",
          "Service/Defense Agency comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense or documented authorized delegate",
          "Secretary of State where required"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Service engineering/medical forces and designated implementers",
          "DSCA humanitarian-assistance program offices"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Foreign partner government",
          "Department of State",
          "Export-control/foreign-disclosure officials"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DSCA Security Assistance Management Manual, chapter 1: roles and implementing agencies",
          "url": "https://samm.dsca.mil/chapter/chapter-1"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "§401 activities in conjunction with authorized military operations and promote both U.S./host security and operational-readiness skills.",
        "Complement rather than duplicate other U.S. social/economic assistance.",
        "§2561 notice before programs over $5m, with narrow 48-hour extraordinary-circumstances alternative."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "§401 may not directly or indirectly aid groups engaged in military/paramilitary activity.",
        "Not unrestricted development aid; separate statutory purposes and fund sources must be identified."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "§401 direct expenses require purpose-specific appropriations; other O&M only incidental costs.",
        "§2561 humanitarian amounts as actually authorized/appropriated; no-year treatment only to extent appropriation permits."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "CCMD/SCO civilian need → State and DSCA humanitarian coordination → choose §401/2561 and readiness/purpose finding → funded implementer.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; conditional on the listed findings, approvals, eligible purpose and actual available funds. Not an obligation-ready certification.",
      "confidence": "High on express statutory capability; execution/delegation and currently available resources require program-specific confirmation.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 U.S. Code baseline read; relevant FY2026 NDAA (Pub. L. 119-60, enacted 2025-12-18) amendments reviewed. Target 2026-10-02; source-specific OLRC checks and remaining delta are documented in international.md. No certification of current funds or executed delegations.",
      "family": "Security cooperation, assistance and education"
    },
    {
      "id": "INT-25",
      "category": "Foreign humanitarian assistance",
      "capability": "Transport donated relief and furnish foreign disaster assistance",
      "summary": "Carry nongovernmental relief supplies on a space-available basis or, when directed by the President, provide transport, supplies, services and equipment for foreign disasters.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 402",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section402&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 404",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section404&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense for donated transport; President directing SecDef for foreign disaster assistance.",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Geographic or functional CCMD security-cooperation planners",
          "Embassy SCO and Chief of Mission country team"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Existing eligible transportation capacity",
          "OHDACA or other available purpose-appropriate funds"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense for §402 eligibility",
          "President for §404 direction"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "USTRANSCOM/Service transportation and disaster-response elements"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Foreign partner government",
          "Department of State",
          "Export-control/foreign-disclosure officials"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DSCA Security Assistance Management Manual, chapter 1: roles and implementing agencies",
          "url": "https://samm.dsca.mil/chapter/chapter-1"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Donated supplies must be suitable, needed, usable and have distribution arrangements; space available.",
        "§404 manmade/natural disaster necessity to prevent loss of lives or serious environmental harm; 48-hour congressional report."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "§402 aid not for military/paramilitary recipients.",
        "Environmental-only transport needs unavailability of other sources.",
        "Capacity and operational availability are not guaranteed."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "§402 normally without charge; environmental transport reimbursement permitted.",
        "Disaster authority and appropriation availability remain distinct."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Relief requirement/State coordination → capacity and eligibility review → correct approval branch → transportation/disaster execution.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; conditional on the listed findings, approvals, eligible purpose and actual available funds. Not an obligation-ready certification.",
      "confidence": "High on express statutory capability; execution/delegation and currently available resources require program-specific confirmation.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 U.S. Code baseline read; relevant FY2026 NDAA (Pub. L. 119-60, enacted 2025-12-18) amendments reviewed. Target 2026-10-02; source-specific OLRC checks and remaining delta are documented in international.md. No certification of current funds or executed delegations.",
      "family": "Security cooperation, assistance and education"
    },
    {
      "id": "INT-26",
      "category": "Foreign humanitarian assistance",
      "capability": "Train partners to clear explosive hazards and secure/dispose munitions",
      "summary": "Provide humanitarian demining and stockpiled conventional-munitions technical assistance, training, equipment and support.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 407",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section407&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Military Department Secretary under SecDef regulations; specific Secretary of State approval.",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Geographic or functional CCMD security-cooperation planners",
          "Embassy SCO and Chief of Mission country team"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "DSCA and the specified program appropriation holder",
          "Service/Defense Agency comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense or documented authorized delegate",
          "Secretary of State where required"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Service humanitarian mine-action teams",
          "Designated training/technical assistance and contracting offices"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Foreign partner government",
          "Department of State",
          "Export-control/foreign-disclosure officials"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DSCA Security Assistance Management Manual, chapter 1: roles and implementing agencies",
          "url": "https://samm.dsca.mil/chapter/chapter-1"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Promote shared security interests or U.S. operational-readiness skills.",
        "Complement other assistance; State approval; annual activity/cost and unfulfilled-demand report."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "U.S. members generally cannot physically detect, lift or destroy mines under this authority unless concurrently supporting a U.S. military operation.",
        "Not permission to join another country’s military operation without U.S. armed-forces participation."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Direct expenses from specifically appropriated overseas humanitarian-assistance funds."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Partner explosive-hazard need → CCMD/State/DSCA → Service training proposal → funds/approval → technical assistance within statutory limits.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; conditional on the listed findings, approvals, eligible purpose and actual available funds. Not an obligation-ready certification.",
      "confidence": "High on express statutory capability; execution/delegation and currently available resources require program-specific confirmation.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 U.S. Code baseline read; relevant FY2026 NDAA (Pub. L. 119-60, enacted 2025-12-18) amendments reviewed. Target 2026-10-02; source-specific OLRC checks and remaining delta are documented in international.md. No certification of current funds or executed delegations.",
      "family": "Security cooperation, assistance and education"
    },
    {
      "id": "INT-27",
      "category": "Cooperative threat reduction",
      "capability": "Supply goods, equipment and services to reduce foreign WMD proliferation threats",
      "summary": "Cooperative Threat Reduction supports weapons/material security, elimination, transport, bio-threat detection and partner contacts; emergent/urgent branches offer additional conditional flexibility.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "50 U.S.C. § 3711",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section3711&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "50 U.S.C. § 3712",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section3712&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "50 U.S.C. § 3713",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section3713&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense; urgent ungoverned-area branch requires President.",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "USD(P) threat-reduction policy",
          "DTRA CTR Directorate and CCMD partner planners"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "CTR appropriation/program account"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense",
          "State concurrence; Energy concurrence for specified urgent governed-area branch",
          "President for urgent ungoverned-area branch"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "DTRA CTR program and contracting offices"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Foreign partner governments",
          "State, Energy and other reimbursed federal agencies"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DTRA Cooperative Threat Reduction Directorate",
          "url": "https://www.dtra.mil/About/Mission/Cooperative-Threat-Reduction/"
        },
        {
          "title": "DSCA Security Assistance Management Manual, chapter 1: roles and implementing agencies",
          "url": "https://samm.dsca.mil/chapter/chapter-1"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Authorized proliferation-reduction purpose; eligible agreements and legal country conditions.",
        "Normally 15-day obligation notice; urgent statutory branch has specified findings and different notices.",
        "Emergent projects generally completed within five years and DoD best capable, subject to statutory exception."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "§3711 permits goods/services/equipment but NOT direct cash funding of the foreign project/activity.",
        "Urgent notwithstanding-law branch capped at 15% of fiscal-year CTR funds; not a general waiver for unrelated missions."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "CTR funds legally available; reimburse other U.S. agencies for participation where authorized."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "WMD risk requirement → DTRA/CCMD and State/Energy → branch-specific findings/notice → DTRA acquisition/partner project.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; conditional on the listed findings, approvals, eligible purpose and actual available funds. Not an obligation-ready certification.",
      "confidence": "High on express statutory capability; execution/delegation and currently available resources require program-specific confirmation.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 U.S. Code baseline read; relevant FY2026 NDAA (Pub. L. 119-60, enacted 2025-12-18) amendments reviewed. Target 2026-10-02; source-specific OLRC checks and remaining delta are documented in international.md. No certification of current funds or executed delegations.",
      "family": "Security cooperation, assistance and education"
    },
    {
      "id": "INT-28",
      "category": "Interagency security cooperation",
      "capability": "Fund a partner agency to do complementary work DoD cannot do itself",
      "summary": "Support other U.S. agencies’ foreign-assistance activities necessary to effectiveness of DoD Chapter16 programs and beyond DoD’s own authority.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 385",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section385&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense, with receiving agency head for transfer notification.",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Geographic or functional CCMD security-cooperation planners",
          "Embassy SCO and Chief of Mission country team"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "DoD funds legally available for §385 support"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense and receiving agency head"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Receiving U.S. agency with its own substantive authority",
          "DoD/DSCA transfer and program-monitoring offices"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Foreign partner government",
          "Department of State",
          "Export-control/foreign-disclosure officials"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DSCA Security Assistance Management Manual, chapter 1: roles and implementing agencies",
          "url": "https://samm.dsca.mil/chapter/chapter-1"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Activity necessary to a Chapter16 DoD program and cannot be carried out by DoD.",
        "For transfers, joint notice describing need, cost, theater plan, other funds and why DoD cannot act; 30-day wait."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Does not transfer another agency’s legal powers to DoD.",
        "Aggregate $75m annual support ceiling; recipient must have its own authority."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Proper transfer and purpose-available funds; not unrestricted funding augmentation."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Identify complementary non-DoD need → legal mismatch → empowered partner → joint notice/funding transfer → partner execution plus DoD outcome tracking.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; conditional on the listed findings, approvals, eligible purpose and actual available funds. Not an obligation-ready certification.",
      "confidence": "High on express statutory capability; execution/delegation and currently available resources require program-specific confirmation.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 U.S. Code baseline read; relevant FY2026 NDAA (Pub. L. 119-60, enacted 2025-12-18) amendments reviewed. Target 2026-10-02; source-specific OLRC checks and remaining delta are documented in international.md. No certification of current funds or executed delegations.",
      "family": "Security cooperation, assistance and education"
    },
    {
      "id": "INT-29",
      "category": "Special operations support",
      "capability": "Support partners facilitating ongoing authorized U.S. counterterrorism operations",
      "summary": "Provide eligible material or financial support to foreign forces, irregular forces, groups or individuals supporting authorized U.S. SOF operations.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 127e",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section127e&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense personally; funding-availability decision is nondelegable; relevant Chief of Mission concurrence.",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "USSOCOM/theater special operations planners",
          "ASD(SO/LIC) policy oversight"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Purpose-available DoD O&M"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense personally",
          "Relevant Chief of Mission"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Authorized special operations program execution and support offices"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "State country team",
          "Other Federal agencies as procedures require"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 127e",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section127e&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "DSCA Security Assistance Management Manual, chapter 1: roles and implementing agencies",
          "url": "https://samm.dsca.mil/chapter/chapter-1"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Existing authorized ongoing U.S. SOF counterterrorism operation.",
        "Legal review, recipient human-rights checks, Chief of Mission concurrence and statutory notices."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Not authorization for covert action or for introduction into hostilities; no support inconsistent with law of armed conflict.",
        "Statutory annual support ceiling $100m; distinct from actual resource allocation."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "O&M amounts legally available for that fiscal year."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Operational sponsor → SO/LIC/State/legal/resource review → SecDef nondelegable approval → notice and controlled support.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; conditional on the listed findings, approvals, eligible purpose and actual available funds. Not an obligation-ready certification.",
      "confidence": "High on express statutory capability; execution/delegation and currently available resources require program-specific confirmation.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 U.S. Code baseline read; relevant FY2026 NDAA (Pub. L. 119-60, enacted 2025-12-18) amendments reviewed. Target 2026-10-02; source-specific OLRC checks and remaining delta are documented in international.md. No certification of current funds or executed delegations.",
      "family": "Security cooperation, assistance and education"
    },
    {
      "id": "INT-30",
      "category": "Intelligence partnership finance",
      "capability": "Finance foreign cryptologic-support arrangements",
      "summary": "Pay expenses of foreign-country cryptologic arrangements with available intelligence/communications appropriations or qualifying other funds.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 421",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section421&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense.",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "USD(I&S) PREM and Warfighter Support: requirements/resource coordination",
          "Relevant Defense intelligence element mission sponsor"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Available intelligence/communications appropriations",
          "Qualifying nonappropriated foreign-support funds"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense or verified authorized delegate"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "NSA/CSS and authorized cryptologic support resource/agreement offices"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "DNI for NIP matters",
          "Relevant CCMD J2 and Service intelligence staff",
          "FBI/CIA or State only where required by the activity"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "OUSD(I&S) organization: PREM, SASP, CL&S, Warfighter Support",
          "url": "https://ousdi.defense.gov/About-Us/Organization/"
        },
        {
          "title": "50 U.S.C. § 3038",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section3038&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Qualifying foreign cryptologic-support arrangement; intelligence-committee reporting."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Other funds cannot support a purpose Congress denied or principally benefit the United States.",
        "Sale proceeds restricted to similar replacement cryptologic items.",
        "Spending flexibility does not independently authorize intelligence collection methods."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Distinct appropriated and nonappropriated branches; account/receipt source must be validated."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Cryptologic requirement → NSA mission/legal/finance → SecDef authorization → partner arrangement and congressional reporting.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; conditional on the listed findings, approvals, eligible purpose and actual available funds. Not an obligation-ready certification.",
      "confidence": "High on express statutory capability; execution/delegation and currently available resources require program-specific confirmation.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 U.S. Code baseline read; relevant FY2026 NDAA (Pub. L. 119-60, enacted 2025-12-18) amendments reviewed. Target 2026-10-02; source-specific OLRC checks and remaining delta are documented in international.md. No certification of current funds or executed delegations.",
      "family": "Intelligence, counterintelligence and security"
    },
    {
      "id": "INT-31",
      "category": "Counterintelligence operational finance",
      "capability": "Reuse proceeds of authorized counterintelligence operations",
      "summary": "Offset necessary/reasonable operation costs and exceptional performance awards with proceeds when appropriated funding would be impracticable.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 423",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section423&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense; applies to military-department components and DIA.",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "USD(I&S) PREM and Warfighter Support: requirements/resource coordination",
          "Relevant Defense intelligence element mission sponsor"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Appropriate NIP/MIP program/resource owner and agency comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Statutory holder; specific delegation must be confirmed",
          "Agency general counsel and intelligence oversight officials"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Authorized Military Department CI components",
          "DIA counterintelligence program and fiscal offices"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "DNI for NIP matters",
          "Relevant CCMD J2 and Service intelligence staff",
          "FBI/CIA or State only where required by the activity"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "OUSD(I&S) organization: PREM, SASP, CL&S, Warfighter Support",
          "url": "https://ousdi.defense.gov/About-Us/Organization/"
        },
        {
          "title": "DIA Finance and Acquisition career field: programming, budgeting, allocating, contracting",
          "url": "https://www.dia.mil/Careers/Career-Fields/Finance-Acquisition/"
        },
        {
          "title": "Army Counterintelligence Command mission and organization",
          "url": "https://www.army.mil/acic"
        },
        {
          "title": "NCIS field offices, including Economic Crimes and Cyber Operations",
          "url": "https://www.ncis.navy.mil/About-NCIS/Locations/"
        },
        {
          "title": "Air Force OSI: support to the Air Force and Space Force",
          "url": "https://www.osi.af.mil/News/Commentaries/Display/Article/2379116/important-strategic-steps-by-osi-support-usaf-and-ussf/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Authorized underlying counterintelligence operation.",
        "SecDef authorization and finding of impracticability of appropriated funds; internal accounting controls."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Necessary/reasonable expenses must not otherwise be prohibited by law.",
        "Net proceeds no longer needed for operation must be deposited as miscellaneous receipts.",
        "Does not grant general commercial-enterprise or intelligence-operation authority."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Express limited exception to 31 USC3302 receipts rule."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "CI operation sponsor → legal/fiscal justification → SecDef/valid delegate → controlled receipts use and residual Treasury deposit.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; conditional on the listed findings, approvals, eligible purpose and actual available funds. Not an obligation-ready certification.",
      "confidence": "High on express statutory capability; execution/delegation and currently available resources require program-specific confirmation.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 U.S. Code baseline read; relevant FY2026 NDAA (Pub. L. 119-60, enacted 2025-12-18) amendments reviewed. Target 2026-10-02; source-specific OLRC checks and remaining delta are documented in international.md. No certification of current funds or executed delegations.",
      "family": "Intelligence, counterintelligence and security"
    },
    {
      "id": "INT-32",
      "category": "Intelligence commercial activities",
      "capability": "Create and operate commercial arrangements to protect authorized foreign intelligence collection",
      "summary": "Use ordinary commercial transactions, leases/employment contracts, financial accounts, permits and legal entities only as security for authorized DoD intelligence collection abroad.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 431",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section431&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 432",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section432&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 433",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section433&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 435",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section435&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 436",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section436&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 437",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section437&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 430e",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section430e&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense; prescribed delegations and SecDef/Deputy approval for sensitive activities.",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "USD(I&S) PREM and Warfighter Support: requirements/resource coordination",
          "Relevant Defense intelligence element mission sponsor"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Appropriate NIP/MIP program/resource owner and agency comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary/Deputy Secretary for sensitive activities",
          "Other authorized officials within §433/436 delegation limits"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Only Defense elements authorized by implementing regulations; public transaction-level delegations not verified"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "DNI for NIP matters",
          "Relevant CCMD J2 and Service intelligence staff",
          "FBI/CIA or State only where required by the activity"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "OUSD(I&S) organization: PREM, SASP, CL&S, Warfighter Support",
          "url": "https://ousdi.defense.gov/About-Us/Organization/"
        },
        {
          "title": "DIA Finance and Acquisition career field: programming, budgeting, allocating, contracting",
          "url": "https://www.dia.mil/Careers/Career-Fields/Finance-Acquisition/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Underlying collection separately authorized; appropriate legal review.",
        "Pre-coordinate with CIA; domestic aspects coordinated with FBI.",
        "Specified written waiver only where ordinary administrative compliance risks compromise; annual audit and congressional oversight."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Domestic acts only to support foreign intelligence; cannot use cover businesses to supply DoD domestically except needed for security of covered activity.",
        "Not authority for otherwise unauthorized intelligence, general commercial profit-seeking or broad economic intervention.",
        "Advance notice to U.S. persons in operational/managerial/supervisory positions.",
        "FY26 §430e vendor deconfliction/risk capability is an additional governance duty, not an expansion of substantive powers."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Generated funds offset minimum necessary/reasonable secure-operation costs; excess to Treasury."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Authorized mission → intelligence counsel/SASP coordination → CIA/FBI deconfliction → prescribed approval → audited commercial-security arrangement.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; conditional on the listed findings, approvals, eligible purpose and actual available funds. Not an obligation-ready certification.",
      "confidence": "High on express statutory capability; execution/delegation and currently available resources require program-specific confirmation.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 U.S. Code baseline read; relevant FY2026 NDAA (Pub. L. 119-60, enacted 2025-12-18) amendments reviewed. Target 2026-10-02; source-specific OLRC checks and remaining delta are documented in international.md. No certification of current funds or executed delegations. §431 initiation sunset 2028-12-31 confirmed in OLRC indexed text dated2026-09-20; FY26 new §430e direct text read, implementation deadline2026-12-18.",
      "family": "Intelligence, counterintelligence and security"
    },
    {
      "id": "INT-33",
      "category": "Intelligence special expenditure",
      "capability": "Pay confidential, extraordinary or emergency intelligence expenses",
      "summary": "Use separate express expenditure mechanisms for MIP intelligence/CI and DIA NIP human-intelligence/CI purposes.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 429a",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section429a&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "50 U.S.C. § 3038",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section3038&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Subsection(c) is DIA NIP expenditure authority, not general agency exemption."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense for MIP; Director DIA for specified DIA NIP amounts.",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "USD(I&S) PREM and Warfighter Support: requirements/resource coordination",
          "Relevant Defense intelligence element mission sponsor"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "MIP intelligence/CI funds",
          "DIA NIP HUMINT/CI funds"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense: MIP >$200k expenditure cannot be delegated",
          "Director DIA: statutory NIP certification"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "MIP program finance officials",
          "DIA NIP HUMINT/CI finance officials"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "DNI for NIP matters",
          "Relevant CCMD J2 and Service intelligence staff",
          "FBI/CIA or State only where required by the activity"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "OUSD(I&S) organization: PREM, SASP, CL&S, Warfighter Support",
          "url": "https://ousdi.defense.gov/About-Us/Organization/"
        },
        {
          "title": "DIA Finance and Acquisition career field: programming, budgeting, allocating, contracting",
          "url": "https://www.dia.mil/Careers/Career-Fields/Finance-Acquisition/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Confidential/extraordinary/emergency object and certification for each expenditure.",
        "Above five percent of relevant fiscal-year amounts requires notice and 30-day wait; annual reports."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Different MIP/NIP authorities and bases must not be mixed.",
        "Expenditure flexibility is not an independent authority to conduct activities otherwise unlawful.",
        "§429a is exclusive MIP authority for these objects, rather than §127."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Only amounts made available to specified intelligence programs; no independent funding stream."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Intelligence mission need → proper MIP/NIP account → legal/object certification → statutory approval/notice → controlled disbursement and reporting.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; conditional on the listed findings, approvals, eligible purpose and actual available funds. Not an obligation-ready certification.",
      "confidence": "High on express statutory capability; execution/delegation and currently available resources require program-specific confirmation.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 U.S. Code baseline read; relevant FY2026 NDAA (Pub. L. 119-60, enacted 2025-12-18) amendments reviewed. Target 2026-10-02; source-specific OLRC checks and remaining delta are documented in international.md. No certification of current funds or executed delegations.",
      "family": "Intelligence, counterintelligence and security"
    },
    {
      "id": "INT-34",
      "category": "Intelligence resource administration",
      "capability": "Consolidate and transfer Defense intelligence appropriations into execution accounts",
      "summary": "Establish intelligence-element transfer accounts, receive lawful DNI transfers and reimbursements, and refund balances to originating accounts.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 429",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section429&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense.",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "USD(I&S) PREM and Warfighter Support: requirements/resource coordination",
          "Relevant Defense intelligence element mission sponsor"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Appropriate NIP/MIP program/resource owner and agency comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense/authorized fiscal official",
          "DNI for transfers under own statutory authority"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Defense intelligence element comptrollers",
          "DoD/Treasury accounting and payment organizations"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "DNI for NIP matters",
          "Relevant CCMD J2 and Service intelligence staff",
          "FBI/CIA or State only where required by the activity"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "OUSD(I&S) organization: PREM, SASP, CL&S, Warfighter Support",
          "url": "https://ousdi.defense.gov/About-Us/Organization/"
        },
        {
          "title": "DIA Finance and Acquisition career field: programming, budgeting, allocating, contracting",
          "url": "https://www.dia.mil/Careers/Career-Fields/Finance-Acquisition/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Funds already available for Defense intelligence activities; lawful underlying inter-entity transactions.",
        "Record transfers as expenditure transfers."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Funds retain original time, purpose and statutory limits.",
        "No permission to reprogram to unrelated objects or evade appropriations controls."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Transfer/account administration authority only; not new budget authority."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Program resource allocation → intelligence element/DoD comptroller → lawful transfer account → retained-limitation tracking and payment.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; conditional on the listed findings, approvals, eligible purpose and actual available funds. Not an obligation-ready certification.",
      "confidence": "High on express statutory capability; execution/delegation and currently available resources require program-specific confirmation.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 U.S. Code baseline read; relevant FY2026 NDAA (Pub. L. 119-60, enacted 2025-12-18) amendments reviewed. Target 2026-10-02; source-specific OLRC checks and remaining delta are documented in international.md. No certification of current funds or executed delegations.",
      "family": "Intelligence, counterintelligence and security"
    },
    {
      "id": "INT-35",
      "category": "Intelligence partnership finance",
      "capability": "Accept foreign funding for joint military intelligence collection and analysis",
      "summary": "DIA may accept and spend partner contributions to share expenses of joint/combined military intelligence collection and analysis.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 118-31, § 1621",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-118publ31/html/PLAW-118publ31.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "10 USC chapter21 note; authority expires2028-12-31."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Director of DIA in coordination with DNI.",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "USD(I&S) PREM and Warfighter Support: requirements/resource coordination",
          "Relevant Defense intelligence element mission sponsor"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Accepted foreign-partner funds for shared activities"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Director DIA",
          "Director of National Intelligence coordination"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "DIA authorized partnership and finance offices"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "DNI for NIP matters",
          "Relevant CCMD J2 and Service intelligence staff",
          "FBI/CIA or State only where required by the activity"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "OUSD(I&S) organization: PREM, SASP, CL&S, Warfighter Support",
          "url": "https://ousdi.defense.gov/About-Us/Organization/"
        },
        {
          "title": "DIA Finance and Acquisition career field: programming, budgeting, allocating, contracting",
          "url": "https://www.dia.mil/Careers/Career-Fields/Finance-Acquisition/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Joint/combined military intelligence activity and partner expense sharing.",
        "Annual reports identifying partners and purposes."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Cannot spend for a purpose Congress previously denied or acquire items/services solely for U.S. benefit.",
        "Public law does not create blanket operational intelligence powers or unrestricted donations authority."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Specific foreign-partner receipts; statutory acceptance/expenditure authority ends2028-12-31."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "DIA partner requirement → DNI coordination and legal/fiscal review → contribution arrangement → joint-expense accounting/reporting.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; conditional on the listed findings, approvals, eligible purpose and actual available funds. Not an obligation-ready certification.",
      "confidence": "High on express statutory capability; execution/delegation and currently available resources require program-specific confirmation.",
      "currentness": "Enacted PL118-31§1621 reproduced in GovInfo2024 chapter21 note read; corroborated OLRC current indexed chapter21 front matter. Sunset2028-12-31; later amendment delta not certified.",
      "family": "Intelligence, counterintelligence and security"
    },
    {
      "id": "INT-36",
      "category": "Industrial security and counterintelligence",
      "capability": "Protect classified contractor information and mitigate foreign ownership risks",
      "summary": "Conduct industrial-security functions, assist other agencies, and integrate DCSA FOCI assessment with acquisition responsibility, contract conditions and oversight.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 428",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section428&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 4819",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4819&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 116-92, § 847",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-116publ92/html/PLAW-116publ92.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "As amended by PL116-283§819; 10 USC4819 note."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense; USD(A&S)/DCSA responsibilities in §4819; USD(I&S) security oversight under §137.",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "USD(I&S) CL&S",
          "USD(A&S) and Service acquisition executives",
          "Contract/program risk sponsor"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Program/acquisition security funds",
          "DCSA program resource owner"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Statutory/appointed acquisition decision-maker and contracting officer",
          "DCSA security determination officials within documented delegations"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "DCSA Industrial Security and CI/Insider Threat directorates",
          "Service CI: ACIC, NCIS, AFOSI",
          "DCMA/DCAA and program contracting offices as relevant"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "FBI for its domestic CI/criminal jurisdiction",
          "Treasury-led CFIUS where covered transaction",
          "Contractor security and beneficial-ownership officials"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "OUSD(I&S) organization: PREM, SASP, CL&S, Warfighter Support",
          "url": "https://ousdi.defense.gov/About-Us/Organization/"
        },
        {
          "title": "DCSA directorates and industrial/counterintelligence missions",
          "url": "https://www.dcsa.mil/About-Us/Directorates/"
        },
        {
          "title": "Army Counterintelligence Command mission and organization",
          "url": "https://www.army.mil/acic"
        },
        {
          "title": "NCIS field offices, including Economic Crimes and Cyber Operations",
          "url": "https://www.ncis.navy.mil/About-NCIS/Locations/"
        },
        {
          "title": "Air Force OSI: support to the Air Force and Space Force",
          "url": "https://www.osi.af.mil/News/Commentaries/Display/Article/2379116/important-strategic-steps-by-osi-support-usaf-and-ussf/"
        },
        {
          "title": "DCSA Section847 implementation information",
          "url": "https://www.dcsa.mil/Section847/"
        },
        {
          "title": "GAO-26-107861, industrial security mission gaps and August 2026 corrective-action status",
          "url": "https://www.gao.gov/products/gao-26-107861"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Classified-contractor scope under §428; separate §847 covered-contractor threshold generally exceeds$5m.",
        "Commercial-product/service exemptions to specified §847 requirements unless senior official applies them for national-security risk.",
        "Use appropriate disclosure, assessment, mitigation and contract procedures."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "DCSA is not a general regulator of every U.S. company or substitute for CFIUS.",
        "FOCI finding is not identical to a criminal offense.",
        "Statutory mandate does not prove implementing rule or capacity fully operational; see audit."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Available security/acquisition resources; legislation requires sufficient resources but does not itself appropriate them."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Program/contractor risk → DCSA and Service CI → acquisition/counsel decision → mitigation or permissible contract action → FBI/CFIUS referral when their powers needed.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; conditional on the listed findings, approvals, eligible purpose and actual available funds. Not an obligation-ready certification.",
      "confidence": "High on express statutory capability; execution/delegation and currently available resources require program-specific confirmation.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 U.S. Code baseline read; relevant FY2026 NDAA (Pub. L. 119-60, enacted 2025-12-18) amendments reviewed. Target 2026-10-02; source-specific OLRC checks and remaining delta are documented in international.md. No certification of current funds or executed delegations. OLRC §4819 snapshot dated2026-09-28 read in index; GAO-26-107861 distinguishes implementation/resource gaps from missing legal authority.",
      "family": "Intelligence, counterintelligence and security"
    },
    {
      "id": "INT-37",
      "category": "Financial intelligence support",
      "capability": "Obtain narrowly authorized financial records or consumer reports for intelligence/counterterrorism",
      "summary": "Invoke statutory financial-privacy exceptions for authorized foreign-intelligence/CI requests and the separate consumer-report disclosure power for authorized international-terrorism work.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "12 U.S.C. § 3414",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title12-section3414&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "15 U.S.C. § 1681v",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1681v&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "18 U.S.C. § 3511",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title18-section3511&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Authorized government agency and designated certifying supervisory official; DoD element must establish its underlying authorized function.",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "USD(I&S) PREM and Warfighter Support: requirements/resource coordination",
          "Relevant Defense intelligence element mission sponsor"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Appropriate NIP/MIP program/resource owner and agency comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Designated supervisory certifying official",
          "Agency counsel and oversight review"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Properly authorized Defense CI/intelligence element and trained records-request officials"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "DNI for NIP matters",
          "Relevant CCMD J2 and Service intelligence staff",
          "FBI/CIA or State only where required by the activity"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "OUSD(I&S) organization: PREM, SASP, CL&S, Warfighter Support",
          "url": "https://ousdi.defense.gov/About-Us/Organization/"
        },
        {
          "title": "Army Counterintelligence Command mission and organization",
          "url": "https://www.army.mil/acic"
        },
        {
          "title": "NCIS field offices, including Economic Crimes and Cyber Operations",
          "url": "https://www.ncis.navy.mil/About-NCIS/Locations/"
        },
        {
          "title": "Air Force OSI: support to the Air Force and Space Force",
          "url": "https://www.osi.af.mil/News/Commentaries/Display/Article/2379116/important-strategic-steps-by-osi-support-usaf-and-ussf/"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Specific authorized foreign intelligence/CI or international-terrorism purpose as statute requires.",
        "Specific customer/entity/account identifier; written statutory certification and review/notice safeguards."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "12 USC3414(a)(5) mandatory financial-institution compliance power is specifically FBI; do not infer identical compulsory bank-record power for DoD from(a)(1).",
        "15 USC1681v applies to international terrorism, not generic business intelligence or contractor market research.",
        "Judicial review and applicable privacy/civil-liberties protections remain."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Normal lawful intelligence/CI program funding; no special financial subsidy authority."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Authorized requirement → CI/intelligence counsel → precise statutory request and certification → lawful recipient response/review → controlled use/dissemination.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; conditional on the listed findings, approvals, eligible purpose and actual available funds. Not an obligation-ready certification.",
      "confidence": "High on express statutory capability; execution/delegation and currently available resources require program-specific confirmation.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo2024 Title12 chapter35 and Title15 chapter41 subchapterIII full statutory texts read; OLRC §3414 indexed snapshot2026-09-20. No extension-dependent FISA power is claimed.",
      "family": "Intelligence, counterintelligence and security"
    },
    {
      "id": "INT-38",
      "category": "Domestic interagency support",
      "capability": "Share military information, equipment, facilities and expertise with civilian law enforcement",
      "summary": "Provide lawfully collected information and controlled equipment/facility/training/maintenance support; selected equipment operations have enumerated statutory conditions. Separate authorities support Justice in specified WMD emergencies and bombing situations.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 271",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section271&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 272",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section272&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 273",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section273&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 274",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section274&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 275",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section275&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 276",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section276&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 277",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section277&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 282",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section282&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 283",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section283&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense; requesting civilian agency retains its law-enforcement authority.",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Civilian law-enforcement requesting agency",
          "CCMD/Service support planners"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Supporting DoD appropriation with reimbursement as required"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense/authorized official",
          "Attorney General and State joint approvals for specified §274 tasks"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Service/Defense Agency support providers"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "DOJ/FBI, DHS, State/local law-enforcement officials as appropriate"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 271",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section271&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 277",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section277&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Valid request and authorized support category; mission preparedness and applicable-law review.",
        "Economy Act/other reimbursement unless statutory waiver conditions met.",
        "§§282-283 need Attorney General request and applicable joint rules; §282 requires joint emergency finding, unavailable civilian capability and no adverse preparedness effect."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "§275 prohibits specified direct military searches, seizures, arrests or similar acts unless otherwise authorized by law.",
        "Sharing normally collected information is not blanket permission to collect for civilian policing.",
        "Posse Comitatus and other constitutional/statutory limits require separate application.",
        "§§282-283 normally bar direct arrest, evidence search/seizure and law-enforcement intelligence collection, with expressly bounded immediate-life-protection or otherwise-lawful exceptions; not general domestic police jurisdiction."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Reimbursable support or narrow training/operations benefit waiver; no free general assistance fund."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Partner law-enforcement need → Defense support review → purpose/reimbursement/operational limits → approved support while civilian agency exercises coercive powers.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; conditional on the listed findings, approvals, eligible purpose and actual available funds. Not an obligation-ready certification.",
      "confidence": "High on express statutory capability; execution/delegation and currently available resources require program-specific confirmation.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 U.S. Code baseline read; relevant FY2026 NDAA (Pub. L. 119-60, enacted 2025-12-18) amendments reviewed. Target 2026-10-02; source-specific OLRC checks and remaining delta are documented in international.md. No certification of current funds or executed delegations.",
      "family": "Domestic and interagency support"
    },
    {
      "id": "INT-39",
      "category": "Domestic and foreign interagency support",
      "capability": "Contract for and provide counterdrug or counter-transnational-crime support",
      "summary": "Supply specified transport, training, equipment maintenance, communications, analysis, reconnaissance and limited construction support to qualifying agencies.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 284",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section284&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-60, § 1010",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "Adds domestic-support reporting detail; does not eliminate operational limits."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense upon proper requesting official’s request.",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Requesting counterdrug/transnational-organized-crime agency",
          "Geographic CCMD and Joint Interagency Task Force planners"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "DoD counterdrug or other purpose-available program funds"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense/authorized official",
          "State coordination for foreign support"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Military support elements and ordinary contracting offices",
          "Joint interagency support organizations"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Federal, State, local, tribal or foreign law-enforcement agencies"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 284",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section284&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "DSCA Security Assistance Management Manual, chapter 1: roles and implementing agencies",
          "url": "https://samm.dsca.mil/chapter/chapter-1"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Correct domestic/foreign statutory menu and request channel.",
        "15-day notice and applicable quarterly/foreign-program reporting.",
        "Contracts allowed where DoD normally would acquire equivalent own-mission services/equipment by contract."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Support is not freestanding criminal enforcement authority; §275 direct-participation bar remains.",
        "Foreign-support purposes narrower than domestic menu; small-scale construction definition applies.",
        "Short-term preparedness waiver requires specific balancing determination."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Available eligible funds, not agency-wide authority to transfer unrestricted cash."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Agency request → CCMD/interagency planner → legal category and cost → State/notice/approval → support contract or force execution.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; conditional on the listed findings, approvals, eligible purpose and actual available funds. Not an obligation-ready certification.",
      "confidence": "High on express statutory capability; execution/delegation and currently available resources require program-specific confirmation.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 U.S. Code baseline read; relevant FY2026 NDAA (Pub. L. 119-60, enacted 2025-12-18) amendments reviewed. Target 2026-10-02; source-specific OLRC checks and remaining delta are documented in international.md. No certification of current funds or executed delegations.",
      "family": "Domestic and interagency support"
    },
    {
      "id": "INT-40",
      "category": "State and local acquisition support",
      "capability": "Let States and localities buy eligible equipment through DoD",
      "summary": "Provide a purchasing channel for counterdrug, homeland-security and emergency-response equipment procured by DoD for its own purposes.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 281",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section281&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense in coordination with GSA.",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "State program coordinator and local requestor"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Purchasing State/local government advance payment"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "DoD program officials under prescribed procedures",
          "Governor/state process for local requests"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "DoD eligible procurement channels and contracting officers"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "GSA",
          "DHS equipment-list authority",
          "State/local/tribal eligible agencies"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 281",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section281&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Equipment on applicable catalog; requested through State process and advance payment.",
        "Homeland-security equipment also meets DHS Authorized Equipment List condition."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Not free grant/transfer authority or authority to acquire products DoD never buys for itself.",
        "Purchaser arranges and pays shipment and administrative costs."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Purchaser funds equipment/admin costs in advance."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Local/State need → State coordinator/catalog eligibility → advance funds → DoD purchase and purchaser shipment.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; conditional on the listed findings, approvals, eligible purpose and actual available funds. Not an obligation-ready certification.",
      "confidence": "High on express statutory capability; execution/delegation and currently available resources require program-specific confirmation.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 U.S. Code baseline read; relevant FY2026 NDAA (Pub. L. 119-60, enacted 2025-12-18) amendments reviewed. Target 2026-10-02; source-specific OLRC checks and remaining delta are documented in international.md. No certification of current funds or executed delegations.",
      "family": "Domestic and interagency support"
    },
    {
      "id": "INT-41",
      "category": "Intelligence research and information partnerships",
      "capability": "Fund cryptologic research by private individuals and institutions",
      "summary": "NSA grants support cryptologic research under an agency-specific express statutory grant authority.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "50 U.S.C. § 3611",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section3611&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Director of the National Security Agency.",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "USD(I&S) PREM and Warfighter Support: requirements/resource coordination",
          "Relevant Defense intelligence element mission sponsor"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "NSA appropriations available for cryptologic research grants"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Director NSA or documented lawful approval chain"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "NSA research and grants offices"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "DNI for NIP matters",
          "Relevant CCMD J2 and Service intelligence staff",
          "FBI/CIA or State only where required by the activity"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "OUSD(I&S) organization: PREM, SASP, CL&S, Warfighter Support",
          "url": "https://ousdi.defense.gov/About-Us/Organization/"
        },
        {
          "title": "50 U.S.C. § 3038",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section3038&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Director determines grant clearly consistent with national security.",
        "Federal grant/cooperative-agreement framework applies to extent consistent with NSA information-protection statute."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Cryptologic research purpose; not unrestricted business investment or general scholarship power."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Effective only to extent appropriated funds available."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Research requirement → NSA research/grants office → national-security determination → funded grant and oversight.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; conditional on the listed findings, approvals, eligible purpose and actual available funds. Not an obligation-ready certification.",
      "confidence": "High on express statutory capability; execution/delegation and currently available resources require program-specific confirmation.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 U.S. Code baseline read; relevant FY2026 NDAA (Pub. L. 119-60, enacted 2025-12-18) amendments reviewed. Target 2026-10-02; source-specific OLRC checks and remaining delta are documented in international.md. No certification of current funds or executed delegations.",
      "family": "Intelligence, counterintelligence and security"
    },
    {
      "id": "INT-42",
      "category": "Intelligence research and information partnerships",
      "capability": "Exchange geospatial data and recycle map-sale receipts into foreign licensing fees",
      "summary": "NGA can exchange/furnish mapping, charting and geomatics data/services under agreements and use map/publication sale proceeds for foreign data-acquisition fees.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 453",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section453&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 454",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section454&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 455",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section455&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense authorizing NGA; Director NGA has specified withholding role.",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "USD(I&S) PREM and Warfighter Support: requirements/resource coordination",
          "Relevant Defense intelligence element mission sponsor"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "NGA program funds",
          "Specified sale proceeds available for foreign data licensing"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense or documented delegate",
          "NGA data-release/security officials"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "NGA geospatial partnerships, acquisition and financial offices"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "DNI for NIP matters",
          "Relevant CCMD J2 and Service intelligence staff",
          "FBI/CIA or State only where required by the activity"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "OUSD(I&S) organization: PREM, SASP, CL&S, Warfighter Support",
          "url": "https://ousdi.defense.gov/About-Us/Organization/"
        },
        {
          "title": "50 U.S.C. § 3038",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section3038&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Qualifying production/exchange agreement; NGO/academic exchanges concern areas outside United States.",
        "Pricing/release decisions and security/international-agreement restrictions."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Not unrestricted sale or release of classified or protected geospatial data.",
        "Proceeds authority is limited to foreign data-acquisition fees, not general reinvestment."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Express map-sale receipts availability for specified licensing fees; other activities need normal funds."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "NGA requirement → data/partner and rights review → approved agreement/price → exchange or license-fee payment.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; conditional on the listed findings, approvals, eligible purpose and actual available funds. Not an obligation-ready certification.",
      "confidence": "High on express statutory capability; execution/delegation and currently available resources require program-specific confirmation.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 U.S. Code baseline read; relevant FY2026 NDAA (Pub. L. 119-60, enacted 2025-12-18) amendments reviewed. Target 2026-10-02; source-specific OLRC checks and remaining delta are documented in international.md. No certification of current funds or executed delegations. §454 OLRC indexed text through2026-09-29; full GovInfo2024 Chapter22 read.",
      "family": "Intelligence, counterintelligence and security"
    },
    {
      "id": "INT-43",
      "category": "International research and acquisition",
      "capability": "Jointly develop emerging technology with specified irregular-warfare technology partners",
      "summary": "New FY26 law permits joint emerging-technology RDT&E with a defined preexisting partner set under safeguards, cost sharing and U.S. intellectual-property rights.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-60, § 1234",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "10 USC301 note; IWTSD lead designated only after first required report."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense on covered partner Ministry of Defense request; State, Commerce and DNI consultation.",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Irregular Warfare Technology Support Directorate (lead after required designation)",
          "Covered partner Ministry of Defense"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Purpose-available RDT&E/program funds and agreed partner shares"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense",
          "State, Commerce and DNI consultation",
          "Required congressional report before activity"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "IWTSD and authorized program contracting/agreement offices"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Country with qualifying U.S. bilateral agreement managed by IWTSD as of2025-06-01"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "DSCA Security Assistance Management Manual, chapter 1: roles and implementing agencies",
          "url": "https://samm.dsca.mil/chapter/chapter-1"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Partner-request trigger and qualifying historic agreement.",
        "No activity until country-specific congressional report including cost/security MOA and certification.",
        "IP rights, semiannual spending reports and safeguards against adversary access."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Not authorization to cooperate with every country.",
        "EAR and all applicable arms-export laws expressly retained, including fundamental research/open-source/standards activities.",
        "Public evidence of completed reporting/designation not verified."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Cost sharing including in-kind; actual appropriations and agreement required."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Covered-country request → IWTSD/State/Commerce/DNI design → MOA/certification and congressional report → SecDef lead designation → controlled joint RDT&E.",
      "availability": "New express statutory pathway, but initial country reports/designation and funded implementation not established from public sources.",
      "confidence": "High on express statutory capability; execution/delegation and currently available resources require program-specific confirmation.",
      "currentness": "Pub. L.119-60§1234 enacted2025-12-18; full primary text read. Implementation prerequisites and later amendment delta not certified.",
      "family": "International business, logistics and investment"
    },
    {
      "id": "INT-44",
      "category": "Security cooperation education and networks",
      "capability": "Operate international education/research networks and fund university partnerships",
      "summary": "Host bilateral and multilateral research, discussion and training; pay eligible participant costs, receive reimbursements, and use specified grants/contracts/cooperative agreements for Irregular Warfare Center higher-education partnerships.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 342",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section342&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 345",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section345&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-60, § 1203",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "FY2026 NDAA enacted December 18, 2025."
        },
        {
          "citation": "Pub. L. 119-60, § 1204",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": "FY2026 NDAA enacted December 18, 2025."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense; Regional Center directors for authorized service agreements; ASD(SO/LIC) is IWC executive agent after FY26 amendment.",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "CCMD and regional-center academic/program staffs",
          "OUSD(P)/ASD(SO/LIC) for irregular warfare priorities"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Regional Center appropriations and eligible reimbursements",
          "Irregular Warfare Center and Regional Defense Fellowship Program resource holders"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense or documented delegate",
          "State concurrence for prescribed participant categories and joint fellowship planning"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Six statutory Regional Centers",
          "Irregular Warfare Center and Defense Security Cooperation University contracting/grants offices"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Foreign officials and eligible NGO/international-organization participants",
          "U.S. agencies and higher-education institutions"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 342 statutory operator and decision-maker roles",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section342&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 345 statutory operator and decision-maker roles",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section345&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "Pub. L. 119-60, § 1203 statutory operator and decision-maker roles",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm"
        },
        {
          "title": "Pub. L. 119-60, § 1204 statutory operator and decision-maker roles",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Use statutory center and authorized subject matter; regional-center reimbursements normally required unless eligible waiver.",
        "FY26 removed developing-country limitation for §342(f)(3)(A) military/defense/security participant waivers; national-security-interest finding remains.",
        "For IWC university partnerships use §2679 support agreement or contract/cooperative agreement/grant through DSCU."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Cannot designate an unlisted institution as a §342 Regional Center.",
        "RDFP statutory annual cap $35 million; center-specific costs are not automatically included in that fellowship cap.",
        "Reimbursable Regional Center services to other Federal agencies require SecDef concurrence and full-cost payment."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Center appropriations, eligible reimbursements, and authorized gifts under §2611 subject to their terms.",
        "IWC faculty and operating costs require appropriations; statute permits higher-education partnering rather than unrestricted business grants."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Theater or institutional need → relevant center/IWC → cost and participant eligibility → State/Defense approval or waiver → education/research agreement and funded execution.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; program-specific approvals, eligible recipients, actual appropriations and delegations remain necessary.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory capability; implementation and available resources not certified.",
      "currentness": "Full GovInfo2024 §§342 and345 read; FY26 §§1203-1204 directly applied, including IWC executive-agent replacement from DSCA to ASD(SO/LIC). Target October 2, 2026; subsequent enactment delta not certified.",
      "family": "Security cooperation, assistance and education"
    },
    {
      "id": "INT-45",
      "category": "Security cooperation education and networks",
      "capability": "Share multinational education-center operating costs, facilities and personnel support",
      "summary": "Fund U.S. participation and a share of operating costs at eligible multinational centers of excellence; furnish facilities, supplies, services and faculty support to the Inter-American Defense College.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 344",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section344&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 351",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section351&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense with Secretary of State concurrence for required agreements.",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "CCMD/Service interoperability and education sponsors"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Purpose-available DoD operation and maintenance account holder"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense and Secretary of State agreement concurrence"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Designated supporting Service or Defense component",
          "Eligible multinational center or Inter-American Defense College support offices"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "NATO-accredited centers, European Centre for Countering Hybrid Threats, International Special Training Centre",
          "Inter-American Defense Board"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 344 statutory operator and decision-maker roles",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section344&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 351 statutory operator and decision-maker roles",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section351&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Formal memorandum specifying cost sharing when DoD funds/facilities/equipment used.",
        "New §344 center participation requires 30-day congressional notice.",
        "Inter-American Defense College MOU includes curriculum and academic development plan."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "These sections do not finance pay/salaries of participating U.S. military/civilian employees.",
        "Centers must fit statutory definition; no general authority to endow arbitrary foreign think tanks.",
        "Developing-country reimbursement waiver for Inter-American Defense College requires national-security-interest determination."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "O&M may pay covered operating and participation/support costs, not the excluded salaries.",
        "§351 permits covered fiscal-year-start activities to end in next fiscal year."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Interoperability/academic requirement → sponsoring component → State-concurred MOU/cost sharing → required notice and resource certification → center support.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; program-specific approvals, eligible recipients, actual appropriations and delegations remain necessary.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory capability; implementation and available resources not certified.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo2024 §§344 and351 full bodies read; FY26 NDAA text searched for amendments. Target October 2, 2026; later enactment delta not certified.",
      "family": "Security cooperation, assistance and education"
    },
    {
      "id": "INT-46",
      "category": "Security cooperation education and networks",
      "capability": "Provide foreign partners with digital learning content and necessary information technology",
      "summary": "Supply internet-based education, distributed learning and computer-assisted exercise content together with software/IT needed to use it.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 346",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section346&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense with Secretary of State concurrence.",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Service/CCMD interoperability and distributed-learning sponsors"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Appropriate training/program appropriation holder"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense or valid delegate and Secretary of State concurrence",
          "Export-control and foreign-disclosure officials"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Authorized DoD education/training content and IT program offices",
          "Warranted contracting offices where acquisition required"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Friendly foreign government with its permission",
          "Eligible foreign military and civilian personnel"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 346 statutory operator and decision-maker roles",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section346&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Enhance multinational military interoperability and allied/friendly capabilities.",
        "IT only to extent necessary to use the authorized learning content.",
        "Follow issued utilization procedures; modifications must be reported within 30 days."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Expressly subject to AECA and other applicable technology export controls.",
        "Not general authority to equip foreign schools or businesses with IT unrelated to authorized content."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Requires legally available funds; provision authority is not an appropriation."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Interoperability learning need → content/IT support design → partner permission and Defense-State/release approvals → eligible distribution.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; program-specific approvals, eligible recipients, actual appropriations and delegations remain necessary.",
      "confidence": "High on statutory capability; implementation and available resources not certified.",
      "currentness": "GovInfo2024 §346 full body read; FY26 NDAA text searched for amendments. Target October 2, 2026; later enactment delta not certified.",
      "family": "Security cooperation, assistance and education"
    },
    {
      "id": "FIN-01",
      "category": "Resource coordination and financial administration",
      "capability": "Buy goods or services through another federal organization",
      "summary": "Use reimbursable interagency or intra-agency orders where the Economy Act tests are satisfied.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "31 U.S.C. § 1535",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title31-section1535&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2205",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2205&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Head of agency or major organizational unit",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Requiring activity",
          "Supporting Service or Defense Agency"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Ordering component comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Ordering agency/unit head or authorized delegate"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Servicing agency contracting office",
          "Ordering activity fiscal staff"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Servicing federal agency if outside DoD"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "31 U.S.C. § 1535",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title31-section1535&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 2205",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2205&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Funds available; government best interest determination.",
        "Servicing agency can provide or obtain the requirement.",
        "Required determination that a commercial enterprise cannot provide the goods/services as conveniently or cheaply."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "The receiving agency does not erase the original procurement restrictions.",
        "Unperformed/uncontracted portions must be deobligated as §1535(d) requires; cannot park expiring funds."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Cost reimbursement; permitted advance payments adjusted to actual costs."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Need owner → responsible component counsel and comptroller → statutory official or verified delegate → authorized execution office. Office labels describe functional roles; individual delegations and funds are not certified.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; transaction-specific funds, approval, and delegation verification required.",
      "confidence": "High for statutory mechanism; individual execution readiness not verified.",
      "currentness": "2024 official Code baseline compared with available current text; targeted FY2026 NDAA and FY2027 continuing-resolution review. See coverage audit; not a complete legal citator.",
      "family": "Enterprise resources and shared execution"
    },
    {
      "id": "FIN-02",
      "category": "Resource coordination and financial administration",
      "capability": "Credit authorized reimbursements to DoD accounts",
      "summary": "Recover reimbursable services/supplies costs and charge fixed rates for specified facility-related overhead services.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2205",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2205&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense and military department Secretaries; authorized component account managers",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Providing DoD organization"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Receiving appropriation/account owner"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Responsible fiscal authority"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Component comptroller",
          "Disbursing and accounting offices"
        ],
        "partners": []
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 2205",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2205&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "An authorized reimbursable service or supply transaction; credit only authorized accounts."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Not a general exception permitting retention of every receipt.",
        "Does not itself authorize an otherwise prohibited underlying activity."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Credited funds have the availability period of the credited account."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Need owner → responsible component counsel and comptroller → statutory official or verified delegate → authorized execution office. Office labels describe functional roles; individual delegations and funds are not certified.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; transaction-specific funds, approval, and delegation verification required.",
      "confidence": "High for statutory mechanism; individual execution readiness not verified.",
      "currentness": "2024 official Code baseline compared with available current text; targeted FY2026 NDAA and FY2027 continuing-resolution review. See coverage audit; not a complete legal citator.",
      "family": "Enterprise resources and shared execution"
    },
    {
      "id": "FIN-03",
      "category": "Resource coordination and financial administration",
      "capability": "Pool interim costs in military department management funds",
      "summary": "Temporarily finance operations charged to two or more appropriations when costs cannot immediately be allocated.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2209",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2209&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Military department Secretaries; Secretary of Defense approves operation accounts",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Military department shared-service program"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Army, Navy, or Air Force Management Fund",
          "Benefiting appropriation owners"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense for an operation account"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Military department financial management offices"
        ],
        "partners": []
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 2209",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2209&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Operation financed by at least two appropriations with initially undistributable costs.",
        "Every obligation must be chargeable to an available appropriation; prompt reimbursement."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Not unrestricted pooled investment capital.",
        "Estimated costs require adjustment; advances normally obligable only in the year advanced."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Statutorily established management funds; lawful advances/reimbursements, not new budget authority."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Need owner → responsible component counsel and comptroller → statutory official or verified delegate → authorized execution office. Office labels describe functional roles; individual delegations and funds are not certified.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; transaction-specific funds, approval, and delegation verification required.",
      "confidence": "High for statutory mechanism; individual execution readiness not verified.",
      "currentness": "2024 official Code baseline compared with available current text; targeted FY2026 NDAA and FY2027 continuing-resolution review. See coverage audit; not a complete legal citator.",
      "family": "Enterprise resources and shared execution"
    },
    {
      "id": "FIN-04",
      "category": "Resource coordination and financial administration",
      "capability": "Transfer funds under a specific annual transfer authority",
      "summary": "Shift qualifying available funds between specified accounts using enacted transfer authority—not merely the existence of §2214.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "31 U.S.C. § 1532",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title31-section1532&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2214",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2214&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "P.L. 119-75, division A, §8005",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ75/html/PLAW-119publ75.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "P.L. 119-103, division A, §§101–108",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ103/html/PLAW-119publ103.htm",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense, with OMB approval under §8005",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Mission/program sponsor"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "USD(Comptroller)",
          "Military department/Defense Agency account owners"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense",
          "OMB Director",
          "Applicable statutory congressional notification process"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Component comptrollers"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "OMB",
          "Congressional defense/appropriations committees"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "31 U.S.C. § 1532",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title31-section1532&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 2214",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2214&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-75, division A, §8005",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ75/html/PLAW-119publ75.htm"
        },
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-103, division A, §§101–108",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ103/html/PLAW-119publ103.htm"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Applicable transfer grant must cover the source, destination, fiscal period, and amount.",
        "Higher-priority unforeseen military requirement; no transfer to an item Congress denied."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "§2214 supplies conditions, not an unlimited independent transfer grant.",
        "FY2026 §8005 ceiling is $6 billion, with specified exclusions; not a current available-balance statement.",
        "FY2026 §8005 also sets a June 30, 2026 multiple-reprogramming-request deadline. Continued or modified application under the FY2027 CR requires fiscal review; $6 billion is not certified FY2027 transfer headroom. CR new-start/rate restrictions remain unless an exception applies."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Source appropriation availability and current annual/CR authority must be checked; no automatic pooled defense budget."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Need owner → responsible component counsel and comptroller → statutory official or verified delegate → authorized execution office. Office labels describe functional roles; individual delegations and funds are not certified.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; transaction-specific funds, approval, and delegation verification required.",
      "confidence": "High for statutory mechanism; individual execution readiness not verified.",
      "currentness": "2024 official Code baseline compared with available current text; targeted FY2026 NDAA and FY2027 continuing-resolution review. See coverage audit; not a complete legal citator.",
      "family": "Enterprise resources and shared execution"
    },
    {
      "id": "FIN-05",
      "category": "Resource coordination and financial administration",
      "capability": "Resource urgent combatant-command initiatives",
      "summary": "Provide specified readiness, training, exercise, support, and cooperation funding through the Combatant Commander Initiative Fund.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 166a",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section166a&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff; eligible requesting combatant commanders",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Combatant command J3/J5/J8",
          "Component forces"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Joint Staff initiative-fund managers",
          "Receiving component comptroller"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Chairman or authorized fund approval chain"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Combatant-command/supporting Service contracting and program offices"
        ],
        "partners": []
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 166a",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section166a&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Activity must fit §166a(b) and priority/limitation provisions.",
        "Specific fund appropriations must be available."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Not general authority to capitalize firms, ignore procurement rules, or fund an activity denied authorization by Congress.",
        "Statute limits categories including higher-unit-cost purchases, foreign exercise expenses, and foreign training."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Initiative Fund, in addition to other lawfully available activity funding."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Need owner → responsible component counsel and comptroller → statutory official or verified delegate → authorized execution office. Office labels describe functional roles; individual delegations and funds are not certified.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; transaction-specific funds, approval, and delegation verification required.",
      "confidence": "High for statutory mechanism; individual execution readiness not verified.",
      "currentness": "2024 official Code baseline compared with available current text; targeted FY2026 NDAA and FY2027 continuing-resolution review. See coverage audit; not a complete legal citator.",
      "family": "Enterprise resources and shared execution"
    },
    {
      "id": "FIN-06",
      "category": "Resource coordination and financial administration",
      "capability": "Accept and use qualifying institutional or beneficiary gifts",
      "summary": "Accept property, money, and specified services for covered DoD institutions and beneficiaries.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2601",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2601&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary concerned",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Beneficiary institution or program"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Applicable DoD or military department General Gift Fund"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary concerned or permitted delegate; restricted delegation for naming rights"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Institution/program administration",
          "Property and fiscal offices"
        ],
        "partners": []
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 2601",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2601&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Qualifying institution/organization or wounded/injured/ill personnel, dependents, or survivors under the applicable subsection.",
        "Donor terms must be lawful and preserve impartiality/integrity."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Not a general private sponsorship exception to program limits.",
        "Services authority is purpose-specific; foreign-government/international-organization service gifts restricted under §2601(b)."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Money/proceeds deposited in designated gift funds; use subject to statutory purposes and donor terms."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Need owner → responsible component counsel and comptroller → statutory official or verified delegate → authorized execution office. Office labels describe functional roles; individual delegations and funds are not certified.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; transaction-specific funds, approval, and delegation verification required.",
      "confidence": "High for statutory mechanism; individual execution readiness not verified.",
      "currentness": "2024 official Code baseline compared with available current text; targeted FY2026 NDAA and FY2027 continuing-resolution review. See coverage audit; not a complete legal citator.",
      "family": "Enterprise resources and shared execution"
    },
    {
      "id": "FIN-07",
      "category": "Resource coordination and financial administration",
      "capability": "Accept defense contributions through the Defense Cooperation Account",
      "summary": "Accept contributions of money/property, and specified foreign-government/international-organization services, for DoD use.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2608",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2608&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Supported DoD mission owner"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Defense Cooperation Account",
          "Treasury"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense; Congress for subsequent appropriations from the account"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "DoD contribution-management and property offices"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Treasury",
          "Donor or contributing government"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 2608",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2608&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Required donor-condition notifications, reporting, and accounting.",
        "Subsequent appropriations required before account money is obligated or spent."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Acceptance is not equivalent to spending authority.",
        "Property use cannot defeat an otherwise applicable prohibition.",
        "Permitted account investment is in U.S. or U.S.-guaranteed securities through Treasury—not unrestricted corporate equities."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Contributed money and sale proceeds enter the Defense Cooperation Account."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Need owner → responsible component counsel and comptroller → statutory official or verified delegate → authorized execution office. Office labels describe functional roles; individual delegations and funds are not certified.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; transaction-specific funds, approval, and delegation verification required.",
      "confidence": "High for statutory mechanism; individual execution readiness not verified.",
      "currentness": "2024 official Code baseline compared with available current text; targeted FY2026 NDAA and FY2027 continuing-resolution review. See coverage audit; not a complete legal citator.",
      "family": "Enterprise resources and shared execution"
    },
    {
      "id": "FIN-08",
      "category": "Resource coordination and financial administration",
      "capability": "Charge lawful fees for agency services or benefits",
      "summary": "Set fees for a service or thing of value within statutory limits, rather than impose a general tax.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "31 U.S.C. § 9701",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title31-section9701&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "31 U.S.C. § 3302",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title31-section3302&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "National Cable Television Ass’n v. United States, 415 U.S. 336, 340–344 (1974)",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-415/pdf/USREPORTS-415-336.pdf",
          "kind": "judicial holding",
          "note": "Construes predecessor fee statute; distinguishes fees for recipient benefits from taxation/general public regulatory costs."
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Agency head, subject to applicable law",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Service-providing component"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Responsible fiscal office"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Agency head through required fee-setting process"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Authorized service and collection offices"
        ],
        "partners": []
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "31 U.S.C. § 9701",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title31-section9701&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "31 U.S.C. § 3302",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title31-section3302&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "National Cable Television Ass’n v. United States, 415 U.S. 336, 340–344 (1974)",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USREPORTS-415/pdf/USREPORTS-415-336.pdf"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Fair charge and legally cognizable service/benefit; account for applicable specific fee statutes."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "General fee authority is not a power to tax the industrial base.",
        "Collecting a fee does not establish a right to retain and reinvest the receipts."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Treasury deposit unless a specific retention statute applies."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Need owner → responsible component counsel and comptroller → statutory official or verified delegate → authorized execution office. Office labels describe functional roles; individual delegations and funds are not certified.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; transaction-specific funds, approval, and delegation verification required.",
      "confidence": "High for statutory mechanism; individual execution readiness not verified.",
      "currentness": "2024 official Code baseline compared with available current text; targeted FY2026 NDAA and FY2027 continuing-resolution review. See coverage audit; not a complete legal citator.",
      "family": "Enterprise resources and shared execution"
    },
    {
      "id": "FIN-09",
      "category": "Resource coordination and financial administration",
      "capability": "Settle and pay qualifying noncombat damage claims",
      "summary": "Resolve specified property, injury, or death claims under the Military Claims Act or applicable Federal Tort Claims Act mechanism.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2733",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2733&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "28 U.S.C. § 2672",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title28-section2672&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary concerned or authorized claims official; Attorney General approval/delegation where applicable",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Responsible component claims/legal office"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Applicable claims appropriation or judgment-payment mechanism"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Statutorily authorized claims official",
          "Attorney General/designee where required"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Military claims offices",
          "Agency counsel"
        ],
        "partners": [
          "Department of Justice when required"
        ]
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 2733",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2733&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "28 U.S.C. § 2672",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title28-section2672&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Applicable claims statute, facts, filing period, settlement delegation, and payment source."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "§2733 has a $100,000 ordinary payment ceiling with a separate excess-claim referral route; narrower delegations exist.",
        "Not a general business-loss bailout or voluntary commercial indemnity.",
        "FTCA exceptions and statutory exclusions require separate case review."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Statute-specific payment and judgment-fund rules; no generic program discretion."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Need owner → responsible component counsel and comptroller → statutory official or verified delegate → authorized execution office. Office labels describe functional roles; individual delegations and funds are not certified.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; transaction-specific funds, approval, and delegation verification required.",
      "confidence": "High for statutory mechanism; individual execution readiness not verified.",
      "currentness": "2024 official Code baseline compared with available current text; targeted FY2026 NDAA and FY2027 continuing-resolution review. See coverage audit; not a complete legal citator.",
      "family": "Enterprise resources and shared execution"
    },
    {
      "id": "FIN-10",
      "category": "Workforce and specialized expertise",
      "capability": "Hire temporary experts and consultants",
      "summary": "Procure specialized expertise under express DoD authority and the temporary/intermittent expert-services framework.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 129b",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section129b&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "5 U.S.C. § 3109",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section3109&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense or military department Secretary",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "Component needing specialized expertise"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Hiring/sponsoring component"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary concerned or lawful delegate"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Human-resources office",
          "Contracting office where applicable"
        ],
        "partners": []
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 129b",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section129b&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "5 U.S.C. § 3109",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section3109&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Advantageous to the United States and not adequately available within DoD.",
        "§3109 temporary service normally no more than one year, or intermittent; applicable compensation rules."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Not an unrestricted exemption from conflict-of-interest or inherently governmental responsibilities.",
        "§129b(d) separately permits narrowly conditioned personal-service contracts for overseas, defense intelligence/counterintelligence, or SOCOM support."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Lawfully available component funds; no additional appropriation created."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Need owner → responsible component counsel and comptroller → statutory official or verified delegate → authorized execution office. Office labels describe functional roles; individual delegations and funds are not certified.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; transaction-specific funds, approval, and delegation verification required.",
      "confidence": "High for statutory mechanism; individual execution readiness not verified.",
      "currentness": "2024 official Code baseline compared with available current text; targeted FY2026 NDAA and FY2027 continuing-resolution review. See coverage audit; not a complete legal citator.",
      "family": "Workforce and expertise"
    },
    {
      "id": "FIN-11",
      "category": "Enterprise organization and shared execution",
      "capability": "Organize common supply or service execution across Services",
      "summary": "Create/designate a Defense Agency or Field Activity to perform a common supply/service function when the statutory efficiency test is met.",
      "legal_basis": [
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 191",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section191&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 192",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section192&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 193",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section193&num=0&edition=prelim",
          "kind": "statute",
          "note": ""
        }
      ],
      "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense",
      "actor_chain": {
        "planner": [
          "OSD functional lead",
          "Affected military departments"
        ],
        "resource_owner": [
          "Affected program/budget owners"
        ],
        "approver": [
          "Secretary of Defense; statutory oversight/notification requirements"
        ],
        "executor": [
          "Designated Defense Agency or DoD Field Activity"
        ],
        "partners": []
      },
      "actor_sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 191",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section191&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 192",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section192&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 193",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section193&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        "Common supply/service activity and more effective, economical, or efficient performance.",
        "Assign supervision and conduct statutory budget/efficiency and combat-support reviews as applicable."
      ],
      "limits": [
        "Creating an organization does not create new substantive economic powers or funding.",
        "Special protections/requirements exist for named agencies, termination, and intelligence organizations."
      ],
      "funding": [
        "Authorized component budgets and legal resource transfers remain necessary."
      ],
      "coordination_path": "Need owner → responsible component counsel and comptroller → statutory official or verified delegate → authorized execution office. Office labels describe functional roles; individual delegations and funds are not certified.",
      "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; transaction-specific funds, approval, and delegation verification required.",
      "confidence": "High for statutory mechanism; individual execution readiness not verified.",
      "currentness": "2024 official Code baseline compared with available current text; targeted FY2026 NDAA and FY2027 continuing-resolution review. See coverage audit; not a complete legal citator.",
      "family": "Enterprise resources and shared execution"
    }
  ],
  "brief": [
    {
      "title": "Executive judgment",
      "paragraphs": [
        "DoD has a broad, distributed economic and business toolkit. The evidence supports starting with an existing-authority execution package for many national-security technology and industrial objectives. It does not support the proposition that DoD may do whatever it considers necessary.",
        "The useful planning unit is a capability plus its legal predicates, responsible actors, eligible funding and execution instrument. A statute, a strategy, a budget request, an appropriated dollar and an individual delegation are different things. This inventory keeps them separate.",
        "This integrated research package contains 168 capability records in 14 navigational families, 29 enterprise and I&S actor nodes, 12 legal-boundary analyses, 12 strategy-to-authority matches and 6 cross-enterprise coordination patterns. It is an enumerated public-source inventory, not a certification that every applicable law has been captured."
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 113",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section113&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "31 U.S.C. § 1301",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title31-section1301&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "31 U.S.C. § 1341",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title31-section1341&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "2026 National Defense Strategy, pp. 5, 16–21",
          "url": "https://www.army.mil/e2/downloads/rv7/about/2026-NATIONAL-DEFENSE-STRATEGY.pdf"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "What the toolkit actually spans",
      "paragraphs": [
        "Research and prototype; award grants and prizes; purchase, license and share technology; obtain technical data and patent rights; form research partnerships; buy goods and services; finance contract performance; allocate performance risks; hire and support specialized talent.",
        "Provide eligible loans and guarantees; make specified investments, including narrowly authorized equity and intermediated investment; subsidize or incentivize capacity; make purchase commitments; construct and equip industrial facilities; hold, process, lend or exchange strategic materials.",
        "Acquire, lease, exchange or dispose of property; construct and repair facilities; partner for housing, utilities and energy; operate revolving industrial funds; share depot capabilities; assist eligible communities; execute international research, procurement, logistics, assistance and financing mechanisms.",
        "Use scoped intelligence and counterintelligence financial mechanisms; protect industrial security; exchange geospatial and cryptologic research resources; receive specified contributions and reimbursements; coordinate through lawful interagency and intra-DoD arrangements."
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 4001",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4001&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 4022",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4022&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 4025",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4025&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 3793",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section3793&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 4092",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4092&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 3861",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section3861&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 149",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section149&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 4817",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4817&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 2875",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2875&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 2350s",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2350s&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 423",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section423&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "The authority-to-execution test",
      "paragraphs": [
        "A practical package should answer all six questions below. A missing answer is not automatically a missing legal authority."
      ],
      "bullets": [
        "What precise act is required, for what defense purpose, with which eligible recipient or asset?",
        "Which enacted provision or judicial holding permits it, and what conditions, exclusions and dates apply?",
        "Who defines the need; who owns or can lawfully pair resources; who approves; who executes?",
        "What account, funds vintage, period of availability, credit subsidy or transfer mechanism supports the act?",
        "Which findings, competition procedures, agreement terms, notices, waivers, delegations and partner decisions are required?",
        "What is still missing: legal power, available resources, delegated signature authority, implementation, partner consent, capacity or a policy choice?"
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "31 U.S.C. § 1341",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title31-section1341&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "31 U.S.C. § 1502",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title31-section1502&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "31 U.S.C. § 1532",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title31-section1532&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "31 U.S.C. § 1535",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title31-section1535&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "Recent-law findings that change the map",
      "paragraphs": [
        "FY2026 NDAA §867 adds consequential Industrial Base Fund mechanisms, including incentives, third-party investment, purchase commitments and industrial facilities. Its funding-vintage restriction is a gating requirement: money made available before enactment cannot carry out activities under new §4817(g)–(j). These provisions should not be analyzed using an older Code snapshot alone.",
        "FY2026 also adds construction other transactions (§2808a), COCOM experimentation (§873), a contractor financing-cost pilot (§803), consumption-based acquisition and updated organizational responsibilities. Some are authorities to establish or operate a mechanism; their presence in law does not prove the pilot or delegation is operational.",
        "P.L. 119-83 reauthorizes SBIR/STTR through September 30, 2031. P.L. 119-103 extends the relevant DPA termination date to December 11, 2026, while the FY2027 continuing resolution imposes important funding-specific new-start and production restrictions. New OT reporting requirements in P.L. 119-106 have phased implementation deadlines."
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-60, especially §§803, 867, 873, 902–906 and 2802",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm"
        },
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-83, SBIR/STTR reauthorization",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ83/html/PLAW-119publ83.htm"
        },
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-103, division A §102 and division B §2004",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ103/html/PLAW-119publ103.htm"
        },
        {
          "title": "P.L. 119-106, OT transparency",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ106/html/PLAW-119publ106.htm"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "DoD-only power versus lawful partner dependence",
      "paragraphs": [
        "A requirement can be feasible for the U.S. Government without being independently executable by DoD. Civilian enforcement, investment screening, economy-wide economic restrictions, export controls and foreign assistance may require other departments. The map identifies the dependency instead of mislabeling it as a government-wide gap.",
        "10 U.S.C. §385 is a particularly useful, but narrow, bridge: it supports certain interagency foreign-assistance activities necessary for DoD security-cooperation objectives that DoD cannot itself perform. It is not a general authority to buy another agency’s powers.",
        "USD(I&S) is treated in depth through its statutory responsibilities and mechanism-specific links to defense intelligence, counterintelligence, industrial security, financial-intelligence support and research/information partnerships. Sensitive labels do not establish unrestricted commercial, collection or law-enforcement powers."
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 385",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section385&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 137",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section137&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 423",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section423&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 431",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section431&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "50 U.S.C. § 4565",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section4565&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 275",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section275&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "A documented resource and implementation gap—not a missing power",
      "paragraphs": [
        "GAO’s April 2026 industrial-security review found DCSA conducted fewer than 40 percent of required contractor-facility inspections and identified workforce, regional risk-analysis and IT-development gaps. Its recommendation page reports August 2026 corrective plans, with recommendations still open at review.",
        "This is evidence that an existing mission is not fully delivered despite existing authorities. It does not establish a current unobligated balance, a costed funding shortfall or a need for new statutory power. The appropriate coordination chain includes USD(I&S), DCSA, affected military departments, resource owners and system users."
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "GAO-26-107861, Industrial Security (April 24, 2026; recommendation updates August 2026)",
          "url": "https://www.gao.gov/products/gao-26-107861"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "How to read the two negative categories",
      "paragraphs": [
        "Category A states supported legal boundaries with their exceptions. It does not claim that an objective is impossible simply because one preferred instrument is unavailable.",
        "Category B starts with documented public strategic demand and tests existing routes. It labels existing pathways, partner dependence, fiscal flexibility limits and candidate residual gaps separately. This research does not establish a broad absence of powers to finance, buy or accelerate defense technology.",
        "The contractor financial-behavior question and instrument-specific investment questions are residual legal-validation issues, not declared settled gaps. A generalized power to reshuffle appropriations or regulate private firms must not be inferred from a desired national-security outcome.",
        "“Won’t do” requires evidence of a policy decision; “cannot fund now” requires account-level resource information. Public authorizations and appropriations do not establish current unobligated balances, denied internal requests or leadership willingness. Those statuses are not guessed."
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "EO 14372, Prioritizing the Warfighter in Defense Contracting (January 7, 2026)",
          "url": "https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2026/01/prioritizing-the-warfighter-in-defense-contracting/"
        },
        {
          "title": "EO 14265, Modernizing Defense Acquisitions (April 9, 2025)",
          "url": "https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/04/modernizing-defense-acquisitions-and-spurring-innovation-in-the-defense-industrial-base/"
        },
        {
          "title": "EO 14241, Immediate Measures to Increase American Mineral Production (March 20, 2025)",
          "url": "https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/03/immediate-measures-to-increase-american-mineral-production/"
        },
        {
          "title": "10 U.S.C. § 2214",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2214&num=0&edition=prelim"
        },
        {
          "title": "31 U.S.C. § 9102",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title31-section9102&num=0&edition=prelim"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "Source hierarchy and evidence discipline",
      "paragraphs": [
        "The positive legal inventory rests on express enacted provisions. Three judicial holdings inform narrow boundaries: Youngstown (industrial seizure), OPM v. Richmond (statutorily unauthorized payments), and National Cable Television Association (fees versus taxes). Holdings are not expanded into unrelated categorical prohibitions.",
        "Official U.S. Code and GovInfo session laws are the primary legal corpus. Official department/program sources identify organizational roles; they do not create powers. Strategies, plans and executive orders supply demand signals, not independent grants in the positive inventory. Cross-domain execution pathways are labeled analytical synthesis.",
        "The category is a general capability, not copied statutory wording. One statute can support several materially different instruments, and one capability can require multiple statutes. Counts are research records, not numbers of independent grants, distinct offices or immediately executable transactions."
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Official U.S. Code",
          "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/"
        },
        {
          "title": "GovInfo Public and Private Laws",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/app/collection/PLAW"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "Currentness and completeness limits",
      "paragraphs": [
        "Target legal date: October 2, 2026. The source baseline is the official 2024 Code, including its incorporated amendments, reconciled through targeted FY2026 NDAA, subsequent enacted legislation, appropriation/continuing-resolution review and source-specific current-text checks. The NARA public-law list reviewed was current through October 1 and listed laws through P.L. 119-118, enacted September 30.",
        "Live OLRC access was intermittent and some pages were under maintenance. Current indexed Code text and official session laws were used to corroborate important amendments; some Cornell mirrors served as corroborating access paths. A complete section-by-section legislative delta and comprehensive judicial citator were not obtained. The target date must not be read as a certified exhaustive current-law opinion.",
        "Record-level currentness notes and three domain source audits identify checks and unresolved questions. No classified or nonpublic authorities were examined. Every annual rider, country-specific appropriation, treaty/implementing agreement, local delegation, active warrant, account balance and implementation status has not been independently verified.",
        "The report is a substantial one-pass public-source planning product. It is usable to assemble and interrogate pathways; a specific proposed transaction still needs the outstanding statutory, fiscal and delegated-authority facts resolved."
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "NARA current public laws list",
          "url": "https://www.archives.gov/federal-register/laws/current.html"
        },
        {
          "title": "FY2026 NDAA",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ60/html/PLAW-119publ60.htm"
        },
        {
          "title": "FY2026 appropriations",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ75/html/PLAW-119publ75.htm"
        },
        {
          "title": "FY2027 continuing resolution",
          "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ103/html/PLAW-119publ103.htm"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "Coverage and use of the downloads",
      "paragraphs": [
        "The full dossier contains the complete capability inventory, not merely the executive synthesis. The CSV provides a portable, flattened worklist; JSON preserves the legal bases, actor chains, conditions and analytical findings. The research plan and coverage audit explain scope and evidence limits.",
        "Search the explorer by action, office, acronym or citation; filter by broad family; expand a record to see legal basis, planners, resource owners, approvers, executors, partner dependencies and requirements. The actor-label index is a navigation aid: differently phrased labels can refer to the same organization.",
        "Treat unresolved implementation and resource questions as explicit tasking items for the responsible office. Do not convert an analytical candidate gap into a legislative recommendation until a precisely defined action has failed the existing-authority and partner-pathway tests."
      ]
    }
  ]
}