{
  "id": "INT-01",
  "category": "International research and acquisition",
  "capability": "Jointly research and develop conventional defense technology with allies and friendly partners",
  "summary": "Enter cooperative R&D agreements, share cash and noncash project costs, and acquire domestic or foreign equipment for side-by-side testing.",
  "legal_basis": [
    {
      "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 2350a",
      "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2350a&num=0&edition=prelim",
      "kind": "statute",
      "note": ""
    }
  ],
  "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense; conventional-capability and unequal-cost-sharing determinations delegable only to listed senior officials.",
  "actor_chain": {
    "planner": [
      "Service acquisition program/laboratory international-cooperation staff",
      "CCMD capability sponsor"
    ],
    "resource_owner": [
      "Military Department or Defense Agency program manager and comptroller"
    ],
    "approver": [
      "Secretary of Defense or validly delegated official",
      "Department of State where statute or agreement process requires"
    ],
    "executor": [
      "Service international programs offices and warranted contracting/agreement officers",
      "Relevant program executive office or laboratory"
    ],
    "partners": [
      "USD(A&S), USD(R&E), USD(P)/DTSA",
      "Foreign defense ministries or NATO organizations"
    ]
  },
  "actor_sources": [
    {
      "title": "DSCA Security Assistance Management Manual, chapter 1: roles and implementing agencies",
      "url": "https://samm.dsca.mil/chapter/chapter-1"
    }
  ],
  "requirements": [
    "Eligible NATO, major non-NATO ally, friendly-country or EU participant; formal agreement.",
    "Determine improvement of common conventional defense capabilities through emerging technology.",
    "Other friendly-country agreement: congressional report and 30-day wait.",
    "Equitable cost sharing, or written strategic-value determination for unequal sharing."
  ],
  "limits": [
    "Partner may not fund its contribution with U.S. military/economic assistance.",
    "Project funds under this authority may not procure equipment/services from foreign entities; distinguish the separately authorized testing acquisition in subsection (g).",
    "Side-by-side testing can qualify as competition for follow-on procurement within the statutory five-year window; not unlimited sole-source authority."
  ],
  "funding": [
    "U.S. share needs available purpose-appropriate funds; foreign shares may use §2350i."
  ],
  "coordination_path": "Capability sponsor → Service international armaments office/program manager → R&E/A&S and foreign-disclosure review → authorized senior finding/agreement → funded execution.",
  "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; conditional on the listed findings, approvals, eligible purpose and actual available funds. Not an obligation-ready certification.",
  "confidence": "High on express statutory capability; execution/delegation and currently available resources require program-specific confirmation.",
  "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 U.S. Code baseline read; relevant FY2026 NDAA (Pub. L. 119-60, enacted 2025-12-18) amendments reviewed. Target 2026-10-02; source-specific OLRC checks and remaining delta are documented in international.md. No certification of current funds or executed delegations. OLRC indexed §2350a text through 2026-09-20 corroborates EU participation and unequal cost-sharing rules.",
  "family": "International business, logistics and investment",
  "mechanisms": [
    "Cooperation & exchanges"
  ],
  "goal_ids": [
    "develop-technology",
    "allies-partners"
  ],
  "office_links": [
    {
      "office_id": "combatant-commands",
      "role": "planner",
      "label": "CCMD capability sponsor"
    },
    {
      "office_id": "defense-agencies",
      "role": "resource_owner",
      "label": "Military Department or Defense Agency program manager and comptroller"
    },
    {
      "office_id": "secretary-deputy-secretary",
      "role": "approver",
      "label": "Secretary of Defense or validly delegated official"
    },
    {
      "office_id": "counsel-award-officials",
      "role": "executor",
      "label": "Service international programs offices and warranted contracting/agreement officers"
    },
    {
      "office_id": "usd-policy",
      "role": "partners",
      "label": "USD(A&S), USD(R&E), USD(P)/DTSA"
    },
    {
      "office_id": "usd-research-engineering",
      "role": "partners",
      "label": "USD(A&S), USD(R&E), USD(P)/DTSA"
    },
    {
      "office_id": "usd-acquisition-sustainment",
      "role": "partners",
      "label": "USD(A&S), USD(R&E), USD(P)/DTSA"
    }
  ]
}