{
  "id": "INT-20",
  "category": "Security assistance sales",
  "capability": "Sell DoD stocks or procure defense articles/services for foreign customers",
  "summary": "Government-to-government sales from stocks and procurement for cash sales, with recipient undertakings to meet costs and cancellation liabilities.",
  "legal_basis": [
    {
      "citation": "22 U.S.C. § 2761",
      "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2761&num=0&edition=prelim",
      "kind": "statute",
      "note": ""
    },
    {
      "citation": "22 U.S.C. § 2762",
      "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2762&num=0&edition=prelim",
      "kind": "statute",
      "note": ""
    },
    {
      "citation": "22 U.S.C. § 2752",
      "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2752&num=0&edition=prelim",
      "kind": "statute",
      "note": ""
    },
    {
      "citation": "22 U.S.C. § 2753",
      "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2753&num=0&edition=prelim",
      "kind": "statute",
      "note": ""
    },
    {
      "citation": "10 U.S.C. § 382",
      "url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section382&num=0&edition=prelim",
      "kind": "statute",
      "note": ""
    }
  ],
  "authority_holder": "President and Secretary of State statutory policy/supervision roles; DoD/DSCA executes authorized delegated sales.",
  "actor_chain": {
    "planner": [
      "Geographic or functional CCMD security-cooperation planners",
      "Embassy SCO and Chief of Mission country team"
    ],
    "resource_owner": [
      "DSCA and the specified program appropriation holder",
      "Service/Defense Agency comptroller"
    ],
    "approver": [
      "Secretary of Defense or documented authorized delegate",
      "Secretary of State where required"
    ],
    "executor": [
      "DSCA-designated implementing agency",
      "Army DASA(DE&C)/USASAC; Navy NIPO and systems commands; Air Force SAF/IA and implementing program offices as applicable"
    ],
    "partners": [
      "Foreign partner government",
      "Department of State",
      "Export-control/foreign-disclosure officials"
    ]
  },
  "actor_sources": [
    {
      "title": "DSCA Security Assistance Management Manual, chapter 1: roles and implementing agencies",
      "url": "https://samm.dsca.mil/chapter/chapter-1"
    },
    {
      "title": "DSCA SAMM chapter 2: security cooperation organizations and case managers",
      "url": "https://samm.dsca.mil/chapter/chapter-2"
    }
  ],
  "requirements": [
    "Eligible country/organization and end-use/retransfer assurances.",
    "Price, advance-payment/dependable-undertaking rules; applicable §2776 congressional review.",
    "Review combat readiness, release/security and export conditions."
  ],
  "limits": [
    "Not unilateral DoD foreign-policy financing discretion.",
    "Personnel performing sold defense services may not perform combatant duties under §2761(c).",
    "No presumption of authority to subsidize a purchaser’s costs."
  ],
  "funding": [
    "Purchaser/authorized assistance financing; relevant FMS trust/admin accounts and cost recovery."
  ],
  "coordination_path": "Partner/SCO request → IA case design and release → State/DSCA approvals/congressional process → LOA funding → Service/Agency contracting and delivery.",
  "availability": "Existing statutory pathway; conditional on the listed findings, approvals, eligible purpose and actual available funds. Not an obligation-ready certification.",
  "confidence": "High on express statutory capability; execution/delegation and currently available resources require program-specific confirmation.",
  "currentness": "GovInfo 2024 U.S. Code baseline read; relevant FY2026 NDAA (Pub. L. 119-60, enacted 2025-12-18) amendments reviewed. Target 2026-10-02; source-specific OLRC checks and remaining delta are documented in international.md. No certification of current funds or executed delegations.",
  "family": "Security cooperation, assistance and education",
  "mechanisms": [
    "Contracts & purchases"
  ],
  "goal_ids": [
    "allies-partners"
  ],
  "office_links": [
    {
      "office_id": "combatant-commands",
      "role": "planner",
      "label": "Geographic or functional CCMD security-cooperation planners"
    },
    {
      "office_id": "comptrollers",
      "role": "resource_owner",
      "label": "Service/Defense Agency comptroller"
    },
    {
      "office_id": "defense-agencies",
      "role": "resource_owner",
      "label": "Service/Defense Agency comptroller"
    },
    {
      "office_id": "secretary-deputy-secretary",
      "role": "approver",
      "label": "Secretary of Defense or documented authorized delegate"
    },
    {
      "office_id": "army",
      "role": "executor",
      "label": "Army DASA(DE&C)/USASAC; Navy NIPO and systems commands; Air Force SAF/IA and implementing program offices as applicable"
    },
    {
      "office_id": "navy-marine-corps",
      "role": "executor",
      "label": "Army DASA(DE&C)/USASAC; Navy NIPO and systems commands; Air Force SAF/IA and implementing program offices as applicable"
    },
    {
      "office_id": "air-force-space-force",
      "role": "executor",
      "label": "Army DASA(DE&C)/USASAC; Navy NIPO and systems commands; Air Force SAF/IA and implementing program offices as applicable"
    }
  ]
}