{
  "id": "USC-77",
  "family": "Industrial capacity, capital and credit",
  "category": "Commercial space and airlift",
  "capability": "Pay to incorporate defense features in committed commercial aircraft",
  "summary": "Contract with eligible U.S. citizens or manufacturers for defense features in civil aircraft committed to the Civil Reserve Air Fleet, including permitted direct payment to the modification provider.",
  "legal_basis": [
    {
      "citation": "10 U.S.C. §9511",
      "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USCODE-2024-title10/html/USCODE-2024-title10-subtitleD-partIV-chap961-sec9511.htm",
      "kind": "statute",
      "note": "Official 2024 Code baseline; reviewed October 5, 2026 with targeted P.L. 119-60 amendment check. Not a complete current-law citator."
    },
    {
      "citation": "10 U.S.C. §9513",
      "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USCODE-2024-title10/html/USCODE-2024-title10-subtitleD-partIV-chap961-sec9513.htm",
      "kind": "statute",
      "note": "Official 2024 Code baseline; reviewed October 5, 2026 with targeted P.L. 119-60 amendment check. Not a complete current-law citator."
    }
  ],
  "authority_holder": "Secretary of Defense",
  "actor_chain": {
    "planner": [
      "Sponsoring defense component and mission customer; current assignment must be verified"
    ],
    "resource_owner": [
      "Sponsoring component budget owner and comptroller"
    ],
    "approver": [
      "Secretary of Defense; transaction-specific delegation must be verified"
    ],
    "executor": [
      "Responsible commercial-space or airlift contracting/agreement office; current assignment must be verified"
    ],
    "partners": [
      "Participating eligible commercial entity; fiscal, security and legal reviewers"
    ]
  },
  "actor_sources": [
    {
      "title": "10 U.S.C. §9511 — statutory holder and conditions",
      "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USCODE-2024-title10/html/USCODE-2024-title10-subtitleD-partIV-chap961-sec9511.htm"
    },
    {
      "title": "10 U.S.C. §9513 — statutory holder and conditions",
      "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USCODE-2024-title10/html/USCODE-2024-title10-subtitleD-partIV-chap961-sec9513.htm"
    }
  ],
  "requirements": [
    "Aircraft must be committed to CRAF and available for DoD use on activation notwithstanding competing commitments, subject to the Secretary’s release.",
    "Contracts must specify repayment percentages for loss, unusability, feature removal, disqualifying transfer or specified registration termination."
  ],
  "limits": [
    "Not an unrestricted aircraft subsidy; defense features, CRAF service and recapture terms are mandatory.",
    "The legacy chapter 137 cross-reference must be read with the acquisition recodification and §3016, not treated as a repeal of this power."
  ],
  "funding": [
    "Contracts are permitted only to the extent funds are otherwise available for obligation; operation is compensated at fair and reasonable rates."
  ],
  "coordination_path": "Mission customer → responsible component program office → eligibility, fiscal and security review → authorized contracting or agreement official. This is an illustrative routing chain, not a verified delegation.",
  "availability": "Express statutory mechanism; current program implementation, open intake, funds and individual delegations were not verified in this statutory review.",
  "confidence": "High on the express mechanism in the reviewed official text; no claim of verified transaction readiness.",
  "currentness": "Reviewed October 5, 2026: official 2024 Code body and targeted enacted P.L. 119-60 text search. Selected OLRC September 2026 indexed text corroborates §§2274, 2276, 9513 and 9531. Later enactments and annual riders were not exhaustively reconciled.",
  "last_reviewed": "2026-10-05",
  "implementation_caution": "Statutory coverage only: no current implementing program, application window, available balance or individual delegation verified.",
  "supplement": "usc-review-2026-10-05",
  "usc_review_notes": [
    "Added in the October 5 statutory coverage review. The cited legal mechanism and its conditions were examined; a current implementing program, intake, funding balance and individual delegation were not verified."
  ],
  "mechanisms": [
    "Other statutory tools"
  ],
  "goal_ids": [
    "expand-production"
  ],
  "office_links": [
    {
      "office_id": "secretary-deputy-secretary",
      "role": "approver",
      "label": "Secretary of Defense; transaction-specific delegation must be verified"
    }
  ],
  "family_slug": "industrial-capacity-capital-and-credit",
  "instrument_groups": [
    "Other statutory tools"
  ],
  "executor_route": {
    "id": "execution-usc-77",
    "name": "Responsible commercial-space or airlift contracting/agreement office; current assignment must be verified",
    "label": "Responsible commercial-space or airlift contracting/agreement office; current assignment must be verified",
    "url": "/offices/execution/usc-77/",
    "basis": "Recorded executing role; this record-specific route is not an additional institutional office."
  },
  "program_context": [],
  "program_research": null,
  "checks": [
    {
      "key": "legal",
      "label": "Legal basis",
      "state": "Sources linked",
      "detail": "Legal sources and instrument limits are recorded."
    },
    {
      "key": "eligibility",
      "label": "Requirements",
      "state": "Gates recorded",
      "detail": "Read the requirements for this instrument; applicability depends on the proposed action."
    },
    {
      "key": "funds",
      "label": "Public funding",
      "state": "Rules recorded",
      "detail": "Contracts are permitted only to the extent funds are otherwise available for obligation; operation is compensated at fair and reasonable rates. Office budget figures are separate institutional context, not an allocation to this instrument.",
      "url": "/capabilities/usc-77/#funding"
    },
    {
      "key": "delegation",
      "label": "Assigned roles",
      "state": "Roles recorded",
      "detail": "Public sources describe institutional authority. The instrument identifies approval and execution roles; a specific signature remains transaction-dependent.",
      "url": "/capabilities/usc-77/#roles"
    },
    {
      "key": "execution",
      "label": "Engagement",
      "state": "Program unverified",
      "detail": "Added in the October 5 statutory review; no current implementing program, intake or individual delegation verified.",
      "url": "/sources/usc/"
    }
  ],
  "hard_limit": "Not an unrestricted aircraft subsidy; defense features, CRAF service and recapture terms are mandatory."
}