EconDefense
USC-10 / Workforce and expertise

Temporarily exchange civilian talent with private-sector organizations

Arrange consensual temporary assignments of DoD civilian employees to private organizations or their employees to DoD, under a written three-party agreement and the statute’s employment, ethics, duration, and cost rules.

Authority / instrument · USC-10

Public-private talent exchange

Workforce and expertise

Statute & instrument
Authority holder

Secretary of Defense

What this does not authorize / hard limit

Incoming private employees remain paid by their employer and may not perform inherently governmental work or access commercially valuable nonpublic information for that employer.

Recorded executor

Authorized component contracting, agreements, or personnel office; assignment is illustrative

Continue to actor →

Recorded executing role; this record-specific route is not an additional institutional office.

Legal basisSources linkedLegal sources and instrument limits are recorded.
RequirementsGates recordedRead the requirements for this instrument; applicability depends on the proposed action.
Public fundingRules recordedThe specified defense acquisition workforce fund may cover qualifying program salary, travel, and administration expenses; current balances unverified. Office budget figures are separate institutional context, not an allocation to this instrument.
Assigned rolesRoles recordedPublic sources describe institutional authority. The instrument identifies approval and execution roles; a specific signature remains transaction-dependent.
EngagementProgram unverifiedAdded in the October 5 statutory review; no current implementing program, intake or individual delegation verified.

Public evidence describes the institution and instrument; it is not approval of an individual transaction.

At a glance

Possible toolUSC-10 · Cooperation & exchanges

Authority holder: Secretary of Defense

Cooperation & exchanges

Mechanism tags describe the source text; they do not expand the authority.

Availability and verification

Express statutory pathway identified in the USC scrub. Current implementation, public intake, appropriations, available balances, and transaction-specific delegations were not independently verified.

Requirements and limits

Eligibility & prerequisites

  • Agreement of the company and employee is required; an outgoing DoD employee generally undertakes return service equal to twice the assignment.
  • Ordinary assignments run three months to two years, with statutory renewals or mission-need determinations up to four years and the cumulative outgoing limit.
  • At least 20 percent of annual assignments must be from small businesses; preserve mission performance and applicable workforce restrictions.

Limits & exclusions

  • Incoming private employees remain paid by their employer and may not perform inherently governmental work or access commercially valuable nonpublic information for that employer.
  • Their employer may not charge federal contracts for the pay or benefits covering the assignment.
  • P.L. 119-60 §821 removed 18 U.S.C.207 from this provision’s deemed-employee list; the other enumerated ethics provisions remain.

Funding conditions

  • The specified defense acquisition workforce fund may cover qualifying program salary, travel, and administration expenses; current balances unverified.

Read the funding and execution guide

Who contributes what

Need & planning

  • Relevant DoD mission or program sponsor

Resources

  • Sponsoring component budget owner and comptroller; available funding not verified

Approval

  • Secretary of Defense; transaction-specific delegation must be confirmed
    Office profile

Execution

  • Authorized component contracting, agreements, or personnel office; assignment is illustrative

Partners & review

  • Program counsel, fiscal officials, and eligible external counterpart as applicable

Office links are editorial matches to the original role text, not verified delegations. Composite labels and unmatched actors are preserved.

Coordination pathway

Mission sponsor → relevant program or personnel lead → counsel and fiscal review → official holding the required authority → eligible counterpart. Named functions are routing guidance, not verified individual delegations.

Actor and execution-role sources

October 5 statutory review

Added in the October 5 statutory coverage review. The cited legal mechanism and its conditions were examined; a current implementing program, intake, funding balance and individual delegation were not verified.

Section coverage and review findings

What this research establishes

Legal basisSources linkedLegal sources and instrument limits are recorded.
RequirementsGates recordedRead the requirements for this instrument; applicability depends on the proposed action.
Public fundingRules recordedThe specified defense acquisition workforce fund may cover qualifying program salary, travel, and administration expenses; current balances unverified. Office budget figures are separate institutional context, not an allocation to this instrument.
Assigned rolesRoles recordedPublic sources describe institutional authority. The instrument identifies approval and execution roles; a specific signature remains transaction-dependent.
EngagementProgram unverifiedAdded in the October 5 statutory review; no current implementing program, intake or individual delegation verified.

Confidence: High on the cited statutory text and express conditions; operational availability is unverified.

Currentness: Reviewed 2026-10-05 against official GovInfo 2024 Code text and a targeted P.L. 119-60 enacted-amendment search. OLRC direct pages were intermittently under maintenance. This is not an exhaustive certification of legislation after that baseline, funding, implementation, or individual delegation. OLRC preliminary text labeled effective July 15, 2026 corroborates the §821 amendment.

Review scope: Record reviewed 2026-10-05. Publication is not legal-currentness certification.